Abstract: A control PVC is set up on a line connecting between exchange units, and periodic communication is performed between the exchange units using the control PVC. The periodic communication is monitored at each exchange unit for detection of a line failure and, at each exchange unit, a connection on the line is automatically switched over to a reserve connection in the event of a line failure. For manual switchover of a connection set up between the exchange units, a manual switchover request is issued from a maintenance console connected to one of the exchange units and, in response to the request, switchover request information is sent to the other exchange unit. The exchange unit that received the switchover request information switches the connection over to a reserve connection, and returns a switchover completion notification. The exchange unit that received the switchover completion notification switches the connection over to a reserve connection.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided that corrects for differences in reception between a user-specific signal and a common signal. In one embodiment, the invention includes receiving a common pilot signal transmitted on a wide beam at a remote terminal, receiving a user-specific signal transmitted on a directed narrow beam at the remote terminal, demodulating the user-specific signal using the common pilot signal for channel estimation, estimating a phase error in the demodulated user-specific signal using known symbols in the user-specific signal, and correcting for the phase error in the demodulated user-specific signal using the phase error estimates.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of implementing protocol state machines that conserve energy on energy conscious devices is disclosed. Under this method, most of the energy consuming protocol state machine context invocations or operations are aggregated in time and are scheduled at regular intervals. Such an aggregation leads to many contexts executing concurrently in a burst prior to entering a dormant state. Thus, resource usage can reach a predictable rate pattern of idle and active cycles. With such a pattern, it is possible to take advantage of the energy saving features of processors by downshifting the processor clock speed and use of other resources such as peripherals and buses. The intervals are configured to achieve a tradeoff between timely execution and energy consumption. The aggregation operates across two dimensions, namely, multiple instances of a protocol state machine and multiple layers of protocols in a layered architecture.

Abstract: A radio communication system having a base station and a plurality of radio terminals, wherein each radio terminal having a transmission request transmits a reservation packet at arbitrary timing through a reservation channel in accordance with a CDMA scheme, and the base station assigns a traffic channel and a time slot to be used to each radio terminal requesting a reservation through a reply packet outputted onto a reply channel. On the reservation channel, a short spreading code corresponding to a matched filter is applied.

Abstract: Techniques for efficiently and economically providing data transfer through wireless data networks. These techniques are particularly suitable for Internet data transfers. In one aspect, mobile devices are able to be allocated additional wireless channels to obtain increased data transfer capabilities. The additional wireless channels can be used for unicast, multicast or broadcast of data. These techniques provide additional wireless bandwidth to mobile devices and allows control over allocation of the additional wireless bandwidth.

Abstract: Systems and methods control a multimedia call/service in a communication system between mobile stations that exist in the same network. A method of controlling the multimedia call can initiate a radio call in a mobile station, recognize a multimedia call service option transmitted from the mobile station, set up the radio call via a base station where the receiving mobile station is located by using the multimedia call service option and the receiving telephone number, confirm in the receiving mobile station and notify a receiving user. The multimedia call between the originating/receiving stations is set up after the radio call. Therefore, the systems and method according to the invention can process the multimedia call only through a base station and a mobile switching center without passing through an inter-working module or a packet data serving node in the mobile communication system.

Abstract: An n-level look-ahead network converts input values to intermediate values that are provided to a plurality of multiplexers arranged to form a pipelined multiplexer loop. The first stage of the multiplexer loop consists of a single multiplexer. The second stage consists of at least two multiplexers. Communication links couple the output ports of the second stage multiplexers to the input ports of the first stage multiplexer. A first feedback loop electrically couples the output port of the first stage multiplexer to the control port of the first stage multiplexer. This first feedback loop has a first delay device having a first delay time. A second feedback loop couples the output port of the first stage multiplexer to the control ports of the second stage multiplexers. This second feedback loop includes the first delay device and a second delay device having a second delay time.

Abstract: A method for restoring traffic in a network. The network includes plural distinct nodes interconnected by plural distinct spans, each span having working links and spare links. Each node has a digital cross-connect switch for making and breaking connections between adjacent spans forming span pairs at a node. Cross-connections between spare links in adjacent spans are made such that sets of successive nodes through which the adjacent spans form span paths form closed paths. A method of finding and construction closed paths is described in which statelets are broadcast through the network. In a preferred method of implementation of the method, the statelet broadcast occurs not in response to a network failure, but across the entire network before any particular span failure and may be carried out during normal network operations as a continual re-configuration of the network.

Abstract: A communication scheme for supporting data transfer to a visited site of a mobile terminal which moves across a private network operated by a private address system and an Internet operated by a global address system is disclosed. When the mobile terminal has moved from the first network to the second network, packets destined to an original home address of the mobile terminal on the first subnet are transferred from the first router device in the first subnet by setting an address of the first interface of a packet relay device as a care-of address of the mobile terminal. Then, the packets received by the packet relay device from the first router device at the first interface are transferred to the second router device in the second subnet through the second interface of the packet relay device, and the packets received by the second router device from the packet relay device are transferred to a current location address of the mobile terminal.

Abstract: A processor architecture for processing data packets representing voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) calls in a packet-switched network is disclosed. According to an embodiment, a VoIP processor executes a voice packet processing operating system that is configured to monitor or manipulate the packets at an IP layer, media layer and signaling layer of the call. The VoIP processor includes a plurality of independently callable primitive software functions that carry out low-level VoIP packet processing functions. The VoIP processor executes one or more application programs that selectively call one or more of the primitive software functions and are independent of any underlying protocols of the existing network, thereby isolating the application programs from low-level processing details. Further, techniques are described for modifying characteristics of VoIP traffic for the purpose of monitoring and directing the VoIP traffic through a network.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for determining characteristics associated with routes in fibre channel networks. Techniques are provided for inserting time stamp information into frames transmitted from a source to a destination and back to the source. Time stamp information allows a supervisor associated with a source to determine characteristics such as round trip times, latency between hops, and connectivity to a destination for specific routes.

Abstract: Devices, softwares and methods advance the scheduling of a next contention session upon premature termination of a contention free session. A Hybrid Coordinator detects when the exchange of wireless transmissions finishes before the contention free window is scheduled to end. Upon such detection, the Hybrid Coordinator transmits a notification to advance the scheduling of the next contention session. Upon sensing the notification, contention resumes by the participating peripherals.

Abstract: A system (20) for decoding a data stream allocated into data packets contains a control unit (54), a stream demultiplexer (26), audio and video decoders (38 and 40), a memory management unit (60), and audio and video input and output buffers. Upon demultiplexing and depacketizing the data packets without interrupting the control unit, the demultiplexer sends encoded audio and video data to the audio and video input buffers. Video messages dealing with video timing information and identifying where encoded video data is stored in the video input buffer are furnished by the demultiplexer for use by the control unit. Utilizing corresponding video instructions provided from the control unit, the video decoder decodes encoded video data to produce decoded video data supplied to the video output buffer. The audio decoder decodes encoded audio data to produce decoded audio data supplied to the audio output buffer. The memory management unit controls transfer of decoded audio data to and from the audio output buffer.

Abstract: Techniques for minimizing call setup latency are disclosed. In one aspect, a channel assignment message is sent with a flag to direct the use of previously negotiated service parameters. This aspect eliminates the need for service negotiation messages. In another aspect, a channel assignment message is sent with an active set identifier instead of an active set and its parameters. This aspect reduces the transmission time of the channel assignment message. In yet another aspect, call setup without paging is facilitated by a mobile station (106) sending a pilot strength measurement message between active communication sessions, such that a channel assignment message can be used for mobile station terminated call setup without the need for mobile station paging and related messages.

Abstract: A multi-media call application is disclosed. The application guarantees quality of service (QOS) for a packet based multi-media call (CALL). The guaranty is effectuated through call associated individual media stream bandwidth control.

Abstract: Method and Apparatus for Processing Shared Sub-packets in a Communication System are disclosed. A communication system providing both voice and data services allows for a plurality of subscriber station to share a data sent in a unit of a forward traffic channel. To provide information required by the subscriber stations to determine that a unit of the forward traffic channel is shared, and to correctly decode the data, different control channel structures are described. Additionally, the control channel structures provides for more efficient signaling of code channel assignment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for combining at least two data signals having an input data rate into a single data stream having an output data rate being higher than the input data rate for transmission on a shared medium or vice versa, particularly, to a single SDH/SONET framer capable of handling a large range of SDH/SONET frames from STM-i to STM-j with an aggregated total capacity corresponding to an STM-j frame where i and j are integers in the range from 1 to 64 or higher according to the STM-N definition of the SDH/SONET standards. More over, the present invention can also be extended to work with STS-1 as lowest range. STS-1 exists in SONET only not SDH and corresponds to a data rate of 51.5 Mb/s a third of the 156 Mb/s of STM-1.

Abstract: A multimedia terminal for telephony based on the ITU-T Standard H.323 sets up multipoint connections to a plurality of other terminals. The multimedia terminal has a controller for processing signaling information for point-to-multipoint connections and has a mixer for mixing datastreams originating at the terminals involved in the multipoint connection and for providing datastream mixtures to these terminals.

Abstract: A radio communication system having a base station and a plurality of radio terminals, wherein each radio terminal having a transmission request transmits a reservation packet at arbitrary timing through a reservation channel in accordance with a CDMA scheme, and the base station assigns a traffic channel and a time slot to be used to each radio terminal requesting a reservation through a reply packet outputted onto a reply channel. On the reservation channel, a short spreading code corresponding to a matched filter is applied.

Abstract: A hard handoff method between asynchronous CDMA (code division multiple access) system and synchronous CDMA system is provided. A hard handoff method between asynchronous CDMA (code division multiple access) system and synchronous CDMA system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention includes following steps. First step is to transmit asynchronous CDMA channels from synchronous CDMA base stations with a purpose of synchronizing handoff time at synchronous CDMA base station and code used at synchronous CDMA base station. The transmission is done by a mobile terminal that is in communication with an asynchronous CDMA base station. The transmission is a part of handoff process and the mobile terminal performs hard handoff to synchronous CDMA base station. Second step is to report measured result to the asynchronous CDMA base station on the basis of intensity of asynchronous CDMA pilot channel received from an adjacent synchronous CDMA base station. The reporting is done by the mobile terminal.