Abstract: A continuous stirred tank reactor is paired with a bubble column reactor to enhance conversion in a continuous process, e.g. hydrogenation, wherein a gaseous reactant is mixed with a liquid. The continuous stirred reactor is fitted with a specialized impeller system to circulate the liquid and enhance contact of the liquid with reactant gas carried over from the bubble column.

Abstract: A device for the cooling and intermixing of gas from accidental leaks, such as from a nuclear reaction containment, i.e., accident atmospheres, which device prevents stratification and provides improved cooling capacity. The device includes a housing, having an inlet and an outlet and which predefines a flow path for the accident atmosphere. The device has a fan wheel, which is disposed in the housing downstream from the inlet and which is connected to a shaft. The device also has a cooling device which is disposed between the fan wheel and the outlet. A compressor wheel is connected to the shaft at the end thereof which is opposite to the fan wheel. The compressor wheel is disposed between the cooling device and the outlet.

Abstract: A coal compaction system and method for a non-recovery coke oven having refractory roof, floor, side walls and end doors for coal charging and coke discharge provides an improved coal charging machine carrying a coal conveyor supported intermediate the ends of the conveyor to avoid conveyor sagging and non-uniform depth of a deposited coal bed, a number of pressurized fluid-driven vibratory compactors mounted on an end of the charging machine and spaced-apart across the width of the coal bed and serving to compact the coal bed on a retraction stroke of the charging machine, a pivoted lifting frame mounted on the charging machine above the compactors and from which the compactors individually are suspended and are provided with individual supply of pressurized fluid, and a coke pusher head mounted on the charging machine behind the compactors and serving, when the lifting frame and associated compactors are raised, to push finished coke from the coke oven.

Abstract: A mixing vessel for a process using supercritical process media, the vessel including an agitator for mixing a batch of materials and a process media in a supercritical state in the vessel to produce a reaction mixture based on a selectable reaction process; and heat transfer system for controlling temperature of the reaction mixture, the heat transfer system comprising a liner that generally conforms to an interior surface geometry of the vessel, with the liner comprising a high thermal conductivity material; the liner comprising an interior heat transfer surface in thermal exchange with the reaction mixture, and a plurality of fluid channels; heat transfer fluid that circulates through the channels and in thermal exchange with the heat transfer surface; and a heat transfer fluid supply exterior the pressure vessel for circulating the heat transfer fluid through the channels.

Abstract: In apparatus for thermolytic distillation of lump carbonaceous material, an enclosure contains a degassing bath, a reactor bath and a quenching bath. A closed loop continuous chain conveyor drives a plurality of baskets carrying carbonaceous material through the three baths of the enclosure. The carbonaceous material is degassed in hot distillate, then immersed in molten lead in the absence of oxygen to produce char and vapor by thermolytic distillation. The char is quenched with water in the absence of oxygen. At least a portion of the vapor is condensed to produce combustible distillate.

Abstract: In a boiling point reactor wherein reactants react exothermically to vaporize a portion of the reaction mixture in a fixed catalyst bed, a cooling coil is provided within the bed which condenses a portion of the vaporized reaction mixture. The condensing heat transfer coefficient within the bed is thus increased dramatically and efficient heat removal is achieved.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved apparatus and method for initiating and sustaining an oxidation reaction. A hazardous waste, is introduced into a reaction zone within a pressurized containment vessel. An oxidizer, preferably hydrogen peroxide, is mixed with a carrier fluid, preferably water, and the mixture is heated until the fluid achieves supercritical conditions of temperature and pressure. The heating means comprise cartridge heaters placed in closed-end tubes extending into the center region of the pressure vessel along the reactor longitudinal axis. A cooling jacket surrounds the pressure vessel to remove excess heat at the walls.Heating and cooling the fluid mixture in this manner creates a limited reaction zone near the center of the pressure vessel by establishing a steady state density gradient in the fluid mixture which gradually forces the fluid to circulate internally.

Abstract: An ammonia injection device for use in an exhaust gas denitration system comprises ammonia injection pipe units arranged in a multiplicity of stages within an exhaust gas duct and each comprising a horizontal header pipe and a plurality of ammonia injection pipes extending downward from and connected to the header pipe and each having a multiplicity of injection nozzles. The header pipes other than the uppermost header pipe and a guide fixing member disposed horizontally at a bottom portion of the duct are each provided with a plurality of upward tubular guides arranged at a predetermined interval. The injection pipes have their lower ends inserted in the respective guides upwardly and downwardly movably. The injection nozzles have an opening diameter gradually increasing as the injection pipe extends downward.

Abstract: Apparatus for a process using supercritical fluid includes a pressure vessel including an agitator for mixing a batch of materials therein; a source of process media supplied to the pressure vessel in a supercritical state; first delivery devices for introducing into the pressure vessel batch materials that are mixed in the presence of the process media in a supercritical state to produce a reaction mixture based on a selectable reaction process; a receiver vessel; and second delivery devices for controlling transfer of the reaction mixture to the receiver vessel; the source comprising a tank for holding a selectable mass of the process media in a supercritical state and for supplying the process media on demand during the reaction process and during delivery of the reaction mixture to the receiver vessel.