Abstract: A method is provided. The method comprises: transmitting a periodic chirp to at least two pixels of a MEMS sensor array; determining a resonant frequency of each MEMS resonant sensor receiving the periodic chirp; determining the change in resonant frequency of each MEMS resonant sensor receiving the periodic chirp; determining a power level incident upon each pixel receiving the periodic chirp. In one embodiment, the method further comprises calibrating the MEMS sensor array. In another embodiment, calibrating comprises generating a reference resonant frequency for each MEMS resonant sensor. In a further embodiment, determining the power level comprises determining a difference between the determined resonant frequency and the reference resonant frequency.

Abstract: An inspection object imaging apparatus includes: a light source configured to produce a light beam belonging to an infrared wavelength band and having a predetermined spread half-angle on a surface of an inspection object; a projection optical system to project the light beam on the surface of the inspection object at a predetermined projection angle; and an imaging unit. The imaging unit includes an imaging optical system configured to condense reflected light and branch the reflected light to two different directions, and a first image sensor and a second image sensor, the first image sensor positioned on the inspection object side with respect to a position of the imaging optical system that is conjugate with the surface of the inspection object, along an optical axis of the reflected light, and the second image sensor positioned on the reflected-light travel direction side with respect to the conjugate position.

Abstract: Various apparatus or methods are arranged to operate a tool downhole in a well, where the tool has a detection package operable to detect gamma rays. Spectra peaks of the detected gamma rays can be determined in each of selected energy windows. Distribution of radiation tracer can be determined in one or more regions around the tool from ratios of the spectra peaks. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods having a gamma ray detection package can operate in a variety of applications.

Abstract: An infrared sensor is formed in such a manner that an infrared receiver and a base substrate are spaced with a beam made of a thin-film phononic crystal in which through holes are arranged periodically. The beam made of a phononic crystal is formed in such a manner that a period P of through holes increases at arbitrary intervals in a direction from the infrared receiver toward the base substrate.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an aperture for inspecting a multi-beam allows passage of one beam among multi-beams applied in a multi-beam writing apparatus. The aperture includes a scattering layer that is provided with a through-hole through which the one beam passes, and by which the other beams are scattered, and an absorbing layer that is provided with an opening having a diameter greater than the diameter of the through-hole and that absorbs at least some of the beams entering it.

Abstract: The present invention is one adapted to correct the effect of a second gas component on a first gas component in real time even when the concentration of the second gas component as a coexistent component varies every moment, and includes: a first gas analysis part adapted to measure the concentration of the first gas component contained in sample gas; a second gas analysis part adapted to measure the concentration of the second gas component contained in the sample gas; a correction coefficient storage part adapted to store a correction coefficient for correcting the effect of the second gas component on the first gas component; and a concentration correction part adapted to correct the first gas component concentration on the basis of the correction coefficient, the second gas component concentration of calibration gas used for calibrating the first gas analysis part, and the second gas component concentration.

Abstract: A radiation detector comprises a first scintillator having a first peak wavelength and a second scintillator positioned on the first scintillator. The second scintillator has a second peak wavelength different from the first peak wavelength. A plurality of photon detectors are provided. The first scintillator is positioned over and contacts each of the plurality of photon detectors. The plurality of photon detectors include first detectors and second detectors. The second detectors differ from the first detectors in doping profile, pn junction depth, or front-versus-backside illumination geometry. The first detectors are more sensitive to the first peak wavelength than the second peak wavelength. The second detectors are more sensitive to the second peak wavelength than the first detectors.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to an apparatus for detecting low level pulses of millimeter wave electromagnetic radiation, such as by detecting the presence of weak electromagnetic emissions inside or around an electromagnetic radiation-emitting device, such as a millimeter wave scanner. The apparatus may also be used to assess such emissions and display a graphical and numerical indication of a sensed level of energy density. A hand-held portable apparatus for detecting low levels of electromagnetic radiation as well as a method for detecting low levels of electromagnetic radiation are also provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to an artificial skin including: a radar absorbing layer; a conductive layer comprising at least one material selected from the group consisting of a semiconductive oxide deposited onto a substrate and an electrically conductive polymer, wherein the substrate is in contact with the radar absorbing layer, and wherein the artificial skin has a reflection coefficient substantially equal to a human skin reflection coefficient, the human skin reflection coefficient being determined at an electromagnetic radiation frequency ranging from 1-500 GHz. A human phantom composed of the artificial skin and methods of using the human phantom are also disclosed.

Abstract: Infrared (IR) temperature measurement and stabilization systems, and methods related thereto are provided. One or more embodiments passively stabilizes temperatures of objects in proximity and within the path between an infrared (IR) sensor and target object. A protective housing may encase an IR sensor, which may include a sensing element or IR element, a circuit or signal processor, and a housing seal plug. The IR element may be thermally bonded with a frame or conductive top hat.

Abstract: A method for determining depth-of-interaction correction in a PET system. The method includes modifying crystal and readout configuration to improve depth-dependent arrival profile of scintillation photons, creating a photon dispersion model within a scintillator crystal, measuring photon arrival profile of individual gamma ray event, deriving an estimated depth-of-interaction, and deriving a gamma ray event time based on a time stamp corrected with the estimated depth-of-interaction. The method further includes modeling dispersion at different depths of interaction within the scintillator crystal, providing a reflector layer to delay back-reflected photons, providing two respective readouts for the same gamma ray event from two respective pixels optically coupled by a backside reflector or modified crystal configuration, calculating a time difference of the photon arrival at the two pixels, and estimating the depth-of-interaction by applying a statistical weighting.

Abstract: A method for separating and quantifying gamma ray induced and neutron induced responses in a radiation detector includes detecting radiation in a radiation field comprising neutrons and gamma rays. The detected events are converted into a detector pulse amplitude spectrum. The pulse amplitude spectrum is decomposed into contributions from detected gamma rays and detected neutrons using gamma ray standard spectra and neutron standard spectra and a spectral fitting procedure which results in a best fit between a weighted sum of the contributions and the detector pulse amplitude spectrum. The fitting procedure includes determining fitting parameters for each of the standard spectra wherein at least one of the fitting parameters is different for the gamma ray standard spectra and the neutron standard spectra. In one embodiment, the fitting parameter is spectral gain.

Abstract: An inspection apparatus is provided that comprises an optical target including a solid host material and a fluorescing material embedded in the solid host material. The solid host material has a predetermined phonon energy HOSTPE. The fluorescing material exhibits a select ground energy level and a target excitation (TE) energy level separated from the ground energy level by a first energy gap corresponding to a fluorescence emission wavelength of interest. The fluorescing material has a next lower lying (NLL) energy level relative to the TE energy level. The NLL energy level is spaced a second energy gap FMEG2 below the TE energy level, wherein a ratio of the FMEG2/HOSTPE is three or more.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a contrast phantom including: at least three regions including: a first region with a first reflection coefficient; a second region with a second reflection coefficient; and a third region with a third reflection coefficient, wherein at least one of the regions includes an electrically conductive material selected from a semiconductive oxide deposited onto a substrate and/or an electrically conductive polymer, wherein the first reflection coefficient, the second reflection coefficient and the third reflection coefficient are increasing or decreasing in value in discrete steps, and wherein the electrically conductive material includes a thickness of about 200 ?m. Methods of using the present contrast phantom are also described.

Abstract: An illumination pump source is disclosed. The illumination pump source includes a set of power sources configured to generate a set of laser beams, with at least some of the set of laser beams configured to include illumination having different wavelengths. The illumination pump source also includes an optical fiber. The illumination pump source also includes one or more optical elements, the one or more optical elements configured to couple the illumination from at least some of the laser beams to one or more regions of the optical fiber.

Abstract: A hybrid fiber optic assembly and system for use in a well, where the system includes a hybrid fiber optic cable with at least a first transmission region and at least a first sensory region as well as an interrogator system coupled to the hybrid fiber optic cable. The hybrid fiber optic cable can have a plurality of transmission regions and sensory regions, as well as transition regions in between and coupling individual pairs of transmission regions and sensory regions.

Abstract: A non-destructive method for condition assessment of a turbine component is provided. The method includes providing a laser generating a light pulse that heats the turbine component. An infrared image is then captured of the heated turbine component. An analysis of the turbine component for a particular characteristic of the turbine component may then be done. A system for the non-destructive condition assessment of a turbine component is also provided.

Abstract: A method for inspecting an article containing a target material is provided. A sampling position of the article is illuminated by a beam of laser light having a wavelength ?. Illumination focus to a focal point at the sampling position of the article to produce molecular excitation of the target material by simultaneous absorption of n incident photons of the beam of laser light, wherein n is equal to or greater than two. An output light exited from the article is analyzed by a detector, wherein the output light is of a wavelength range between 0.8? and 1.2?.

Abstract: Systems and methods for sorting particles are described. In one implementation, a system for sorting particles include a microfluidic device, a detection system, and an optical switching system. The microfluidic device includes a sample channel for passing through the particles in a fluid medium, a plurality of output channels fluidly connected to the sample channel at a plurality of junctions, and an actuation channel. The detection system detects a particle passing through the sample channel. The optical switching system deflects the particle to a target output channel based on results detected by the detection system. The optical switching system includes a modulation device configured to direct a laser pulse to an actuation region in the actuation channel corresponding to the target output channel. Advantageously, the systems and methods allow for accurate and dynamic sorting of a mixture of cells into a plurality of subpopulations using a simple microfluidic device.

Abstract: A monolithic sensor for detecting infrared and visible light according to an example includes a semiconductor substrate and a semiconductor layer coupled to the semiconductor substrate. The semiconductor layer includes a device surface opposite the semiconductor substrate. A visible light photodiode is formed at the device surface. An infrared photodiode is also formed at the device surface and in proximity to the visible light photodiode. A textured region is coupled to the infrared photodiode and positioned to interact with electromagnetic radiation.