Abstract: A full-color liquid crystal display which is simple in construction and low in costs, also providing high quality of display performance. The liquid crystal display has a color filter substrate, an opposing substrate, and a liquid crystal charged between both the substrates. The color filter substrate includes a transparent substrate. A transparent electrode is mounted on one surface of the transparent substrate. A color filter is electro-deposited on the transparent electrode. A light-shielding film is formed in clearances provided for the color filter. An inorganic dielectric film is mounted on the surfaces of the color filter and the light-shielding film. A transparent electrode film is deposited on the dielectric film. On the other hand, the opposing substrate is constructed of a transparent substrate and a transparent electrode adhering to one surface of the substrate. As the liquid crystal, a nematic liquid crystal whose molecular longer axis is progressively twisted at 90.degree.

Abstract: In a horizontal electric field drive type liquid crystal electro-optic device wherein a liquid crystal material is driven by controlling the strength of an electric field parallel to a substrate, noncontinuity of the electric field strength around each pixel electrode is minimized and thereby the occurrence of flaws in the orientation of the liquid crystal material and dispersion in operation are reduced and a construction having improved display characteristics and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. In a horizontal electric field drive type liquid crystal electro-optic device wherein a gate electrode 403, a source electrode 407, a drain electrode 408, a semiconductor film 406 and a common electrode 404 are formed on a glass substrate and a liquid crystal material is driven by controlling the strength of an electric field substantially parallel to the glass substrate, the electrodes and the semiconductor film are made curved, for example semi-circular or semi-elliptical, in sectional profile.

Abstract: A reflective type liquid crystal display device includes: a semiconductor substrate; a transparent substrate having a transparent electrodes; a liquid crystal layer interposed between these substrates; switching elements being formed on the semiconductor substrate correspondingly to a pixel-array; and pixel-electrodes disposed in matrix over the switching elements correspondingly to the pixel-array. Each of the pixel-electrodes is made of a metal selected from a group of materials each generating an electric potential which is substantially the same as an electric potential occurring on each of the transparent electrodes. The reflective type liquid crystal display device is capable of preventing the generation of flicker caused by the battery-effect.

Abstract: The present invention concerns an active-matrix addressed TFT substrate using a thin film transistor, a manufacturing method and an anodic oxidation method thereof, a liquid crystal display panel using the TFT substrate and a liquid crystal display equipment using the liquid crystal display panel and, more in particular, it relates to a structure and a manufacturing method which enables to improve the characteristics thereof.In the present invention, Cr or Ta is used for gate terminals, aluminum or a metal mainly composed of aluminum is used for gate bus-lines extended therefrom, gate electrodes and thin film capacitances (additional capacitance, storage capacitance) and an anodic oxidized film composed of the metal and free from defect is used for at least one of gate insulators, dielectric films of the thin film capacitances and interlayer insulation films for the intersections between the bus-lines.

Abstract: A microlens-array containing a mesh-like sheet and an optically-transparent resin formed at apertures of the mesh-like sheet, wherein the resin formed at each aperture has a concave lens shape; and method for production thereof. A liquid crystal display device using the aforementioned microlens-array.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid crystal display device comprising a pair of facing substrates; a plurality of thin film transistors formed on one of the facing substrates; a plurality of pixel electrodes driven according to the actuation of the thin film transistors.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) device and a method of fabricating the same with improved on-current characteristic and reduced parasitic capacitance are disclosed. The LCD device includes a plurality of gate lines and data lines formed on a substrate, a plurality of pixel electrodes formed at regions defined by the gate and data lines, and a plurality of thin film transistors formed at the cross-over points of the gate and data lines, wherein each of the thin film transistors includes a gate electrode extending from the corresponding gate line, a drain electrode connected to the corresponding pixel electrode, and a source electrode extending from the corresponding data line and having a width greater than the width of the drain electrode. The method includes the steps of forming a gate electrode extending from a gate line, forming a drain electrode connected to a pixel electrode, and forming a source electrode extending from a data line and having a width greater than the width of the drain electrode.

Abstract: In order to provide a liquid crystal display (LCD) device capable of improving the display quality by preventing light leakage in the end portion of a display window on the side adjacent a fluorescent tube, a liquid crystal display device has a LCD panel, a light guide placed under the LCD panel, a fluorescent tube placed close to and along at least one side of the light guide, a lamp reflector sheet for covering substantially the whole length of the fluorescent tube, a diffusion sheet placed on the light guide under the LCD panel, and a reflective sheet placed under the light guide, wherein the surface of the lamp reflector sheet, reflective sheet or the diffusion sheet on the one side of the light guide is printed in color.

Abstract: This system for illuminating a liquid-crystal screen comprises a light source which emits an unpolarized light beam (F). A polarizing splitter device (PBS) receives this unpolarized light beam and retransmits, onto the liquid-crystal screen, a first and a second beam (F1, F2) which are polarized in the same polarization direction. The axes of the two beams make a defined angle (2.beta.) between them. A matrix of microlenses is provided with one microlens (.mu.L) for at least two adjacent picture elements (EL1, EL2) in the liquid-crystal screen. Each microlens directs that part of the first beam which it receives onto one (EL1) of the two picture elements and that part of the second beam which it receives onto the other picture element (EL2).

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes transparent electrodes mutually extending in parallel, and lead patterns used as terminals leading from ends of the transparent electrodes, both formed on a cell substrate produced by separating a large glass substrate. In the device, extension patterns leading from other ends of the transparent electrodes are formed on the cell substrate, and minute gaps for discharging static electricity accumulated in the transparent electrodes during a production process are formed at portions of the extension patterns outside an effective display region.

Abstract: The present invention features methods and apparatuses for sealing tiled, flat-panel displays (FPDs). Tile edges corresponding with the display's perimeter edges are designed with a wide seal. Interior edges, however, have narrow seals in order to maintain the desired, constant, pixel pitch across tile boundaries. In some cases, this invention applies specifically to arrays of tiles 2.times.2 or less, and, in other cases, to N.times.M arrays, where N and M are any integer numbers. The tiles are enclosed with top and bottom glass plates, which are sealed with an adhesive bond to the tiles on the outside perimeter of the tiled display. Vertical seams (where tiles meet at the perimeter of the FPD) are sealed with a small amount of polymer. The seal may be constructed between a cover plate and a back plate, sandwiching the tiles. The AMLCD edges may be coated with either a non-permeable material or a polymer having an extremely low permeability (for example, Parylene.TM.).

Abstract: In an acrylonitrile based retarder, relatively uniform performance is obtained as the angle of incidence varies over a wide range. A toughening material may be blended with an acrylonitrile based polymer to facilitate processing of a retarder and improve mechanical properties of the retarder without compromising the optical performance. A rubber-modified acrylonitrile based retarder which provides relatively uniform wide angle can be fabricated using conventional processing techniques. Such retarders are particularly suited for a number of specific applications which use relatively wide ranges of incidence angles.

Abstract: The liquid crystal display device according to this invention realizes three-dimensional picture images without using lenticular lenses etc. In addition, this liquid crystal display device has a transparent picture screen so that remote display picture images or three-dimensional picture images of high luminance are seen multiplexed with the background. The display device is constructed by arranging picture elements in which volume-phase type holograms are formed by a periodical construction of liquid crystals and polymers. Diffraction light from first picture element groups which are distributed uniformly reaches a left eye of an observer while diffraction light from second picture element groups which are distributed uniformly reaches a right eye of an observer. The condition of the picture elements are switched to diffract irradiated light or to transmit the light, thus a desired picture image comprising a dot matrix can be displayed.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) is provided. The LCD includes a solder-coated pad on a printed circuit board (PCB) and a solder-coated lead of a tape automated bonding integrated circuit (TAB IC). The solder-coated lead has a different shape from the solder-coated pad is electrically connected with the solder-coated pad. The difference of shape between the solder-coated lead and the solder-coated pad improves the quality of soldering between the solder-coated lead of the TAB IC and the solder-coated pad on the PCB and thus improves the yield of the LCD production method.

Abstract: A process for the stabilization of the spatial alignment of the smectic layers in an FLC switching and/or display element, in which the original position of the smectic layers has been modified by electrical field treatment, which comprises alternately switching the elements during non-operation and/or when a certain temperature is exceeded which is above a predetermined temperature range which includes the operating temperature region and/or when the temperature falls below a certain temperature which is below a predetermined temperature range which includes the operating temperature region. Use of the process according to the invention ensures long-term functioning of the switching and display device, even in the case of repeated regeneration of the quasi-bookshelf geometry, and prevents worsening in the contrast and brightness and the occurrence of ghost images.

Abstract: A transmissive liquid crystal display apparatus includes a liquid crystal layer interposed between a first substrate and a second substrate. The first substrate includes gate lines, source lines and switching devices provided in a vicinity of intersectional portions of the gate lines and the source lines. The switching devices include gate electrodes connected to the gate lines, source electrodes connected to the source lines and drain electrodes connected to pixel electrodes for applying a voltage to the liquid crystal layer. An interlayer insulating film having high transparency is provided above the switching devices, the gate lines and the source lines. The interlayer insulating film has roughness on its surface. A height difference of the roughness is 50 nm or less. The pixel electrode formed of a transparent conductive material is provided on the interlayer insulating film.

Abstract: A panel for a liquid crystal display (LCD) includes a substrate having a plurality of pixel areas defined thereon. A first alignment layer is formed on the substrate, the first alignment layer providing a first pretilt angle for a liquid crystal material. A plurality of spaced apart second alignment regions is formed on the first alignment layer, the second alignment regions providing a second pretilt angle for the liquid crystal material, respective second alignment regions being separated by a portion of the first alignment layer such that a respective pixel area is covered by the first alignment region and partially covered by a second alignment region. Portions of the first alignment layer and the second alignment regions covering respective adjacent pixel areas have grooves formed therein which are substantially aligned along respective first and second directions. The first and second directions preferably are perpendicular.

Abstract: A TN-mode, normally-white format liquid crystal display device having high contrast and exceptional display characteristics. The angle of gradation inversion is increased and a straight-on contrast of more than 100 is obtained by setting the twist angle to 78.degree.-90.degree., preferably 84.degree.-90.degree., .DELTA..sub.n d to 0.3-0.4 .mu.m, preferably 0.35-0.38 .mu.m, and .DELTA..sub..epsilon. to at least 6.2.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes an active-matrix substrate; a counter substrate; and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the active-matrix substrate and the counter substrate. The active-matrix substrate includes a plate; gate lines provided on the plate; a gate insulation layer provided on the plate; source lines provided on the gate insulation layer and Refining picture element areas together with the gate lines; switching elements provided at intersections of gate lines and the source lines, the switching elements each including a source electrode and a drain electrode as well as a gate electrode, connecting electrodes each connected to the drain electrode; an interlayer insulation layer provided on the gate insulation layers covering the gate lines, the source lines, and the switching elements; and picture element electrodes and counter electrodes provided on the interlayer insulation layer for driving liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal projector includes a light source for generating light; a liquid crystal display device for modulating the light; a projection optical system for projecting light modulated by the liquid crystal display device onto a screen; and an incidence optical system for dividing the light into at least two light components in an equal wavelength range and causing the two light components to be incident on the liquid crystal display device from different directions. The liquid crystal display device including a liquid crystal panel having a pixel apertures. The two light components incident on the liquid crystal display device enter the plurality of pixel apertures.