Abstract: A process for the preparation of methyl formate by reacting methanol and carbon monoxide in the presence of an alkali metal alcoholate or alkaline earth metal alcoholate at from 30.degree. to 150.degree. C. and from 50 to 300 bar, wherein a nonionic complexing agent is used to bind the alkali metal cations or alkaline earth metal cations.

Abstract: The addition of molybdenum to oxidation catalysts provided by a heavy transition metal-bromine ion combination containing cobalt uniquely increases catalytic activity of said combustion for converting methyl groups to the corresponding carboxylic acid groups on the benzene nucleus. Such greater catalytic activity is manifested by higher yields of aromatic acids. The polycarboxylic acids produced by the novel process are useful as raw materials for fibers and films.

Abstract: A quinone derivative of the formula (I): ##STR1## in which A is a group of the formula (IV): ##STR2## or a group of the formula (V): ##STR3## in which X and Y are either the same as or different from each other and each are hydroxy, methoxy or hydrogen; and n is an integer of 1 to 5,is disclosed. The compound is useful as a medicament.

Abstract: Catalyst and process are disclosed for the improved preparation of alpha, beta-unsaturated acids. The catalyst comprises a porous silica gel component and a Group IA alkali metal component, which is present in an amount of from 200 to 20,000 parts per million and optionally another component such as tin (IV) oxide, and mixtures thereof. The process comprises reacting formaldehyde and an aliphatic carboxylic acid in the presence of said catalyst while maintaining catalyst activity and selectivity during the process by addition of a source of the alkali metal component.

Abstract: A process for the production of acetate esters by the catalytic reaction of an alcohol of the formula ROH and carbon monoxide in contact with a homogeneous catalyst system of rhodium metal atom, a phosphorus containing ligand in which there is present at least one oxo (.dbd.O) oxygen atom attached to a phosphorus atom or a carbon atom to form a Z group and the ##STR1## group is located at least one carbon atom removed and preferably from 2-4 carbon atoms removed from the phosphorus atom of the molecules represented by the formulas ##STR2## and a halogen promoter, under mild reaction conditions, wherein R' is H, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl or alkyl, and wherein 1 or more of said R' groups can be substituted with a Z group but not more than 3 of said R' groups in the molecule are so substituted; a is an integer from 0-4; b is an integer from 0-3; and Z is P(O)R'R'; --C(O)OR" or C(O)R", wherein R" is R'; and wherein ROH is methanol or a mixture of methanol and at least one higher alcohol.

Abstract: This invention concerns certain diethyl- or dipropylacetic acid salts of sodium valproate which have physiological properties similar to those of valproic acid or sodium valproate but show highly superior stability characteristics.

Abstract: Novel compounds and compositions which inhibit SRS-A in mammals are disclosed. Methods for preparing said compounds and compositions and methods for their use for treating allergic reactions, inflammation and for reducing the severity of myocardial infarction resulting from heart attack are disclosed.Useful intermediates for preparing said compounds are also disclosed.

Abstract: A novel compound, 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2,4,6,10,14-hexadecapentaenoic acid, and a salt thereof are disclosed together with a number of different processes for the preparation of the compound. The uses of the novel compound as an agent for treating papillomata are also disclosed.

Abstract: In order to recover methacrolein and/or methacrylic acid by quenching a reaction product gas obtained by catalytic oxidation of isobutylene or the like, the reaction product gas is charged into a quench column through a double-wall pipe and is then brought into contact with a condensate as a cooling medium. Deposition of terephthalic acid and the like inside the column is prevented by controlling the temperature of a bottom in the quench column and that of an overhead gas of a quench column unit. An aromatic carboxylic acid, aromatic aldehyde, metal powder is added to an aqueous solution of methacrylic acid, which contains terephthalic acid and the like, so that the terephthalic acid and the like are caused to precipitate for their removal.

Abstract: The gas phase catalytic oxidation of an unsaturated aldehyde with molecular oxygen at 200.degree. to 500.degree. C. to give the corresponding unsaturated carboxylic acid is conducted in the presence of a catalyst represented by the following formula:Mo.sub.12 P.sub.a X.sub.b Y.sub.c Z.sub.d O.sub.ewherein the subscripts represent the atomic ratios of each component and a is 0.5 to 6, b is 0.001 to 6, c is 0.2 to 6, d is 0 to 6, and e is a value determined by the valencies of the elements present in the catalyst; and Mo is molybdenum, P is phosphorus, O is oxygen, X is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of rhodium, cerium and zirconium, Y is at least one alkali metal selected from the group consisting of potassium, rubidium and cesium, and Z is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of iron, cobalt, nickel, zinc, antimony, silicon, bismuth, cadmium, uranium, manganese, copper, vanadium, niobium and tantalum.

Abstract: A process for preparing alpha-hydroxycarboxylic acids. An organic halide is reacted with carbon monoxide and a hydrogen donor compound, in the presence of a carbonylation catalyst and an inorganic base, at a temperature of at least 90.degree. C.

Abstract: A 2-(1-alkylaminoalkyl)-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is an alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group, and R.sup.2 is an alkyl group having at least 2 carbon atoms.The compounds are used in the preparation of a 2-(1-alkenyl)-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone having insecticidal and fungicidal activity and a 2-alkyl-3-acyloxy-1,4-naphthoquinone having insecticidal and fungicidal activity and a 2-alkyl-3-acyloxy-1,4-naphthoquinone having miticidal activity.

Abstract: It has been surprisingly discovered in accordance with the present invention that glycol formates and their alkyl ether derivatives can be substantially selectively converted to monocarboxylic acids by bringing a glycol formate or an alkyl ether derivative thereof into contact with a bed of activated carbon in the presence of carbon monoxide and a halide promoted group VIII soluble transition metal catalyst optionally in the presence of a solvent.

Abstract: A process for producing vinyl acetate which comprises reacting acetic anhydride with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst comprising(a) a metal belonging to Group VIII of the Periodic Table or a compound of the metal, and(b) (i) an acidic substance, or (ii) a halideis disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing carboxylic acids by platinum-catalyzed oxidation of primary alcohols of limited water solubility with oxygen in a mixture of water and a solubilizer. The solubilizer used is an ether of the general formula R.sub.1 O(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.n R.sub.2, where n is 1-4 and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are alkyl radicals having 1-4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Polymers, such as polyisobutylene or ethylene-propylene copolymers, are functionalized by reaction with an activated imine to yield novel polymers.

Abstract: Polymers, such as polysiobutylene or ethylene-propylene copolymers, are functionalized by reaction with an activated imine to yield novel polymers.

Abstract: There is provided a process of producing p-benzoquinone, wherein hydroquinone and hydrogen peroxide are reacted in water, an aqueous inorganic acid solution, an inert organic polar solvent or a mixture of water with an inert organic polar solvent in the presence of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of iodine, hydrogen iodide, and iodine compounds of metals.According to the process, p-benzoquinone can be obtained from hydroquinone with the yield and the quality of the p-benzoquinone being high without requiring any special facilities, equipments and operations.

Abstract: Bischloroformates of bisphenol compositions comprising hydroquinone or a hydroquinone-bisphenol A mixture are prepared by passing phosgene into a vigorously agitated mixture of water, an alkaline earth metal hydroxide, the bisphenols and a substantially inert, water-immiscible organic liquid such as methylene chloride. The molar ratio of water to alkaline earth metal hydroxide is in the range of about 3-8:1. The bisphenols and at least a portion of the organic liquid are preferably initially present in the reaction mixture, and the alkaline earth metal hydroxide is preferably added during phosgenation.

Abstract: Aromatic carbonates useful for the preparation of high molecular weight polycarbonate resins are prepared by reacting methanol, carbon monoxide and oxygen to prepare dimethyl carbonate; reacting a methyl silyl ether with a phenol or bisphenol to prepare an aryl silyl ether, and reacting the dimethyl carbonate and aryl silyl ether to prepare an aromatic carbonate.