Abstract: The present invention relates to an ignition timing controller for an internal combustion engine comprising: an acceleration sensor for detecting the vibration acceleration of the engine, means for sorting knocking signal component by removing the other noise signal components from the output of said acceleration sensor, means for generating a reference ignition timing signal, phase shifting means for varying the phase of said reference ignition timing signal, switching means for interrupting the energization of an ignition coil, and means for variably controlling the maximum value of the phase displacement of the reference ignition timing signal by said phase shifting means.

Abstract: A headlamp comprising a reflector of which at least one sector is in the form of a paraboloid of reduction, a bulb with an axial filament offset upwards in the radial direction with respect to the axis of the paraboloid, and a light-distributing glass placed in front of the reflector. The filament is centered in the axial direction on the focus of the paraboloid. The surfaces of the reflector situated outside the sector in the form of a paraboloid are designed so as to produce images of the filament which are all situated below the cut-off. Alternatively, the light-distributing glass participates in the deflection, in combination with the surfaces of the reflector. In an advantageous variant the reflector is completely parabolic and homologous deflecting zones are then provided on the light-distributing glass to lower all the images thus produced below the cut-off.

Abstract: A valve opening duty ratio determining the valve opening period of an on-off type solenoid valve is calculated as a function of at least one control parameter, each time a pulse of a predetermined timing signal is generated. A valve closing duty ratio determining the valve closing period of the solenoid valve is calculated when the calculated valve opening duty ratio is larger than a predetermined value. A pulse of a reference control signal is generated after completion of the calculation of the valve opening duty ratio or the valve closing duty ratio. Time elapsed after generation of the reference control signal pulse is measured. When the calculated valve opening duty ratio is smaller than a predetermined value, the solenoid valve is opened for a period of time after generation of the above reference control signal pulse and until the elapsed time measured reaches a value corresponding to the calculated valve opening duty ratio.

Abstract: A fuel metering apparatus is shown as having a throttle body with an induction passage therethrough and a throttle valve for controlling flow through the induction passage, a fuel-air-emulsion discharge member is situated generally in the induction passage downstream of the throttle valve, an air passage communicates between a source of air and the fuel-air-emulsion discharge member, the air passage has a flow restrictor therein which provides for sonic flow therethrough, a fuel metering valving assembly is effective for metering liquid fuel at a superatmospheric pressure and delivering such metered liquid fuel into the air passage upstream of the flow restrictor thereby causing the thusly metered liquid fuel and air to pass through the sonic flow restrictor before being discharged into the induction passage by the fuel-air-emulsion discharge member, the fuel-air-emulsion discharge member has a plurality of discharge ports spaced from each other and directed into the induction passage, a heater is provided in

Abstract: A control method and apparatus for combating knocking in internal combustion engines which automatically adapts itself to the internal combustion engine to be controlled and, as a result of the automatic adaptation, is capable of employment, without adjustments, on different model-lines and on the individual examples of the internal combustion engines, within these lines and falling within the permissible scatter-range.

Abstract: A vehicular power steering system has on/off control means for controlling a hydraulic fluid pump in accordance with steering effort applied on a steering wheel. On the other hand, a sensing means senses vehicle speed. Judging means is connected with the on/off control means and the vehicle speed sensing means, and produces an actuating signal when the control means produces a control signal to drive the fluid pump and at the same time the sensed vehicle speed is below a predetermined speed. A solenoid valve is connected with the judging means. The solenoid valve is arranged to open and close a bypass passage which allows an air fuel mixture to bypass a throttle valve for an intake air flow control of the engine. Thus, the supply of an air fuel mixture to the engine is increased in response to the actuating signal, and the engine idling speed is stabilized.

Abstract: The sonic dispersion system includes a sonic dispersion unit (18) mounted upon a mounting assembly (100,102) and having an active surface (116) with a central apex (120) positioned in spaced relationship to the mounting assembly. Material directing units (92,94) direct material against the active surface so that the material is redirected thereby toward the apex. The sonic dispersion unit (18) may be used in combination with a control system (10) which controls the amount of material provided from two separate material sources (14,34).

Abstract: An improved performance internal combustion engine having a pair of intake passages that supply the charge to a single chamber of the engine. A valving arrangement is provided so that the idle charge is supplied primarily through one of the intake passages and the full load charge is supplied through both passages. An interconnecting passage interconnects the passages with each other downstream of the throttle valves so that at least a portion of even the idle charge will be supplied through both passages to cool the intake valves associated with the passages and to ensure against the collection of deposits. In accordance with a feature of the invention, a pair of spark plugs are positioned in the chamber at its outer periphery on diametrically opposite sides of the cylinder.

Abstract: A regulating device for controlling the position of an electromagnetic final control element, in particular in an internal combustion engine having self-ignition. The device includes a measurement value receptor as well as at least one regulating circuit having a non-linear characteristic which is influenced by its output and/or input signal. In addition to a proportional component, the non-linear regulating circuit may include an integration component and a differentiation component. The setting of at least the proportional component is varied, preferably in accordance with the deviation, so that in particular small deviations of the output and/or input signal are amplified to a greater extent than are larger deviations. In this manner, an extremely sensitive and precise regulation is attained.

Abstract: An air suction device for a diesel engine having a throttle valve disposed within an air suction passage wherein the throttle valve has an opening through which air may pass even when the throttle valve is in a closed position and wherein a mechanism is positioned adjacent that hole to selectively control the amount of air passing through that hole when the throttle valve is in a closed position.

Abstract: A helically-shaped intake port comprising a helical portion and an inlet passage portion which is tangentially connected to the helical portion and extends so as to be slightly curved. The intake valve is arranged at the outlet open end of the helical portion. The first side wall of the inlet passage portion, which is located near the axis of the intake valve, has on its upper portion an inclined wall portion which is arranged to be directed downwards. The width of the inclined wall portion of the inlet passage portion is gradually increased towards the helical portion. The second side wall of the inlet passage portion, which is located remote from the axis of the intake valve, is vertically arranged and smoothly connected to the peripheral side wall of the helical portion, which extends circumferentially about the axis of the intake valve.

Abstract: A method is proposed for controlling the composition of the charges to be combusted in an internal combustion engine with externally supplied ignition, the charges comprising gas which contains oxygen, and a fuel. In order to automatically adjust the charge composition in at least one operating range, an event caused by the given combustion of the charge is ascertained in at least one combustion chamber in terms of at which crankshaft angle or the like (Y value) a predetermined status of this event is attained during the given charge combustion. The scattering of this Y value is continuously regulated to a set-point scattering value by means of adjusting the charge composition.

Abstract: A multiple cylinder engine including a first group of cylinders having a first intake passage which is provided with a air-fuel mixture of a predetermined ratio in accordance with the signal from an exhaust gas sensor provided in the exhaust passage from the first group of cylinders. The engine further includes a second group of cylinders having a second intake passage which is provided with a mixture having an air-fuel ratio which is of a predetermined relationship with respect to the air-fuel ratio of the mixture provided to the first group of cylinders, the predetermined relationship being determined in accordance the engine operating condition. Check valves are provided in the intake passages to prevent the mixture in the first intake passage from being mixed with that in the second intake passage so that accurate control can be ensured.

Abstract: A camshaft for the drive of an internal combustion engine has a hollow shaft carrying one or more cams or partial cams and an inner shaft disposed within the hollow shafts and rotatable relative to the hollow shaft. The inner shaft has one or more cams or partial cams disposed outside the hollow shaft and attached for rotation with the inner shaft through clearances in the hollow shaft. A camshaft driving arrangement includes a camshaft timing gear coupled with both shafts and a device responsive to a parameter characteristic of the operating conditions of the drive for adjusting the rotational position of either one or both of the inner and hollow shafts relative to the camshaft timing gear. The adjusting device includes an electric motor fixed on the timing gear and controlled by electrical signals.

Abstract: A fuel injection quantity is varied by correcting a correction value so that a mean value of a factor of air-fuel ratio feedback correction obtained from the output of an O.sub.2 sensor takes a value within a predetermined range centered at a value corresponding to a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, and a fuel injection quantity is calculated based on a basic fuel injection quantity, the factor of air-fuel ratio feedback correction and the correction value, thereby to effect control so that the air-fuel ratio converges in proximity of the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio.

Abstract: An inverter apparatus for producing an increasing vacuum effect in response to a decreasing vacuum field. A piston is axially movable within a cylindrical bore. The piston has a first surface exposed to atmospheric pressure. A spring biases the piston in a direction opposed to the direction of movement which would be produced by atmospheric pressure on the second surface. A fluid inlet passageway extends through the cylinder and opens into the cylindrical bore, the piston having an axially extending side wall facing the cylindrical bore. An orifice formed in that side wall and an outlet passageway located at one end of the orifice connect that end with the chamber having the vacuum acting on the first surface of the piston. The axially extending orifice is so located in the side wall of the piston as to provide a decreasing restriction to flow of fluid from the first passageway through the orifice to the outlet with decreasing vacuum.

Abstract: A variable venturi-type carburetor comprising a metering jet and at least one air-bleed bore formed on the cylindrical inner wall of the metering jet. The amount of air fed into the fuel passage of the carburetor from the air-bleed bore is controlled by an output signal from the oxygen concentration detector arranged in the exhaust manifold so that the air-fuel ratio of the mixture fed into the cylinder of the engine becomes equal to the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio. The metering needle is arranged so that it contacts the cylindrical inner wall of the metering jet and partially covers the air-bleed bore.

Abstract: Several embodiments of induction systems for internal combustion engines embodying pairs of intake passages each serving a single cylinder of the engine. In accordance with each embodiment of the invention, a device is provided for restricting the communication of the intake passages with the cylinder during idle operation so as to improve idle by precluding the backflow of exhaust gases into the intake passages. In some embodiments, the restricting means consists of throttle valves positioned in one or both of the intake passages and which are moved to a closed position when the engine is operating at idle. In accordance with embodiments of the invention, the cams associated with the intake valves provide for opening of one intake valve prior to opening of the other intake valve.

Abstract: There is disclosed an electronic control system for controlling a carburetor equipped with a slow-main system solenoid valve and an enrichment system solenoid valve of different control ranges whose openings are electromagnetically controlled to control the air-fuel ratio of a mixture supplied to an internal combustion engine. The control system calculates, based on signals representative of the engine operating condition including engine temperature, the duty for control of the slow-main system solenoid valve in accordance with the air-fuel ratio required for various engine operating states. When the value of this duty exceeds a predetermined value, the enrichment system solenoid valve is added to the slow-main system solenoid valve to accurately control the air-fuel ratio over a wide range.

Abstract: A variable valve timing mechanism for an internal combustion engine including at least one valve-actuating camshaft driven from a crankshaft is described. The valve timing mechanism comprises a movable member which is arranged in use to be rotatable by the crankshaft and movable in translation relative to the camshaft in dependence upon an engine operating condition such as engine load or speed. The movable member is connected to the crankshaft by an eccentric linkage such that movement of the movable member relative to the camshaft varies the angular position of the camshaft relative to the crank and also varies the rate of angular movement of the camshaft, thereby varying the valve timing.