Abstract: Coated abrasion resistant composite ceramic cutting tools comprise a composite substrate body consisting essentially of a particulate material selected from the group consisting of the refractory metal carbides, nitrides, carbonitrides and combinations thereof uniformly distributed in a matrix, coated with at least one adherent coating layer comprising a refractory metal carbide. The particulate material is of an average particle size ranging between about 0.5 microns to about 20 microns and comprises from about 5 to about 60 volume percent of the composite cutting tool. The matrix consists essentially of a modified silicon aluminum oxynitride having about 2 to about 25 volume percent of a modifier selected from the oxides of silicon, yttrium, magnesium, hafnium, zirconium, beryllium, the lanthanides and combinations thereof.

Abstract: Abrasion resistant composite cutting tools comprise a particulate material selected from the group consisting of the refractory metal carbides, nitrides, carbonitrides and combinations thereof uniformly distributed in a matrix. The particulate material is of an average particle size ranging between about 0.5 microns to about 20 microns and comprises from about 5 to about 60 volume percent of the composite cutting tool. The matrix consists essentially of a modified silicon aluminum oxynitride having about 2 to about 25 volume percent of a modifier selected from the oxides of silicon, yttrium, magnesium, hafnium, zirconium, beryllium, the lanthanides and combinations thereof.

Abstract: A hybrid extruder provides plastic insulation which is as uniformly and tightly disposed about a substrate as that produced in a conventional pressure extruder and accommodates irregular substrates. The hybrid extruder includes a core tube which is positioned in a die cavity to form a flow passage which includes a restriction to the flow at the end of the core tube to maximize the pressure in the plastic material. The leading end of the core tube is spaced a distance from the land of a die which is substantially less than in conventional pressure extruders to form another portion of the flow passage having a predetermined configuration. After flowing through the restriction, the plastic material expands. This avoids any backflow of the plastic material into the core tube in the event the core tube is to allow the passage of oversized spliced portions of the substrate.

Abstract: Coated abrasion resistant composite ceramic cutting tools comprise a composite substrate body consisting essentially of a particulate material selected from the group consisting of the refractory metal carbides, nitrides, carbonitrides and combinations thereof uniformly distributed in a matrix, coated with at least one adherent coating layer of alumina. The particulate material is of an average particle size ranging between about 0.5 microns to about 20 microns and comprises from about 5 to about 60 volume percent of the composite cutting tool. The matrix consists essentially of a modified silicon aluminum oxynitride having about 2 to about 25 volume percent of a modifier selected from the oxides of silicon, yttrium, magnesium, hafnium, zirconium, beryllium, the lanthanides and combinations thereof.

Abstract: Tubular thermoformed articles are manufactured from tubular blanks which are heated to the annealing temperature for a time sufficient to anneal the articles by flowing hot liquid therethrough whilst constrained in the desire shape or form followed by flowing cold liquid therethrough to cool to set before being released from the constraint.

Abstract: An improved modified silicon aluminum oxynitride based composite cutting tool is made by forming a homogeneous matrix of a modified silicon aluminum oxynitride prior to uniformly dispersing a hard refractory material throughout the homogeneous matrix, then densifying the combined materials to form a composite cutting tool having a density greater than 98 percent of the theoretical density of the combined materials.

Abstract: Coated composite ceramic cutting tools and cutting tool inserts having improved mechanical and chemical wear resistance under demanding conditions of machining speed, temperature, or workpiece hardness comprise a composite silicon nitride substrate having at least one hard adherent coating of alumina. The composite silicon nitride substrate consists essentially of a first phase of silicon nitride and a refractory second phase comprising silicon nitride and an effective amount of a densification aid selected from yttrium oxide, zirconium oxide, hafnium oxide, the lanthanide rare earth oxides, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A phosphor powder layer is formed by a process comprising a step of mixing a phosphor powder with a polymer emulsion and drying the mixture to give the phosphor powder coated with the polymer and a step of subjecting the phosphor powder coated with the polymer to heating and pressing. The resulting powder layer is suitable as a scintillator used in a radiation detector, particularly in a radiation detector used in X-ray CT.

Abstract: A novel method for dilating cold shrink articles such as insulating tubing is disclosed. The method makes use of a two phase bath comprising two immiscible liquids in which the lower phase is a swelling agent for the cold shrink material and the upper phase serves as a protective blanket which eliminates the generation of fumes by the swelling agent.

Abstract: A process for producing a sintered silicon carbide composite includes the steps of forming a first dispersion of diamond crystals and carbon black in paraffin, as well as forming a second dispersion of carbon fiber, carbon black and filler in paraffin. The two dispersions are compacted together to form an integral bi-layer composite which is then subjected to a vacuum for a period of time at a temperature sufficient to vaporize essentially all of the paraffin. Silicon is heated to cause liquification and direct infiltration into both layers of the composite after which the composite is sintered under conditions sufficient to produce a .beta.-silicon carbide binder uniting the composite.

Abstract: A ceramic article is electrophoretically slip-cast by placing an aqueous suspension of a ceramic material in a multi-part mould, each part of which has an electrically conductive porous carbonaceous operative surface conforming to the desired outside surface of a respective part of the article, the carbonaceous component of the surface region being made of particles of from 70 .mu.m to 200 .mu.m maximum diameter, the parts of the mould being electrically insulated from one another, each part being intermittently made anodic with respect to the suspension, at least one part at any time being cathodic (except for possible intervals when no part is anodic). Thus a model horse is made from the mould parts of FIG.

Abstract: Cutting tools and cutting tool inserts having improved mechanical and chemical wear resistance under demanding conditions of machining speed, temperature, or workpiece hardness comprise a composite silicon nitride substrate having at least one hard adherent coating layer of a refractory metal carbide. The composite silicon nitride substrate body consists essentially of particles of a refractory material uniformly distributed in a matrix consisting essentially of a first phase of silicon nitride and a refractory second phase comprising silicon nitride and an effective amount of a densification aid selected from the group consisting of yttrium oxide, hafnium oxide, the lanthanide rare earth oxides, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Process for continuously curing an elastomeric jacket on a cable, comprising continuously passing a cable having an uncured elastomeric jacket thereon, encased within an outer temporary mold of heat conductive metallic material, e.g. metallic lead, of sufficient encasing layer thickness for protectively confining and supporting therewithin the elastomeric jacket and cable thereat, through a vulcanizing zone maintained at substantially atmospheric pressure and provided with a heat transfer bath, e.g. a fusible mixture including sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, potassium nitrate and potassium nitrite, while applying the bath to the cable at a selective bath temperature, e.g. about 400.degree.-500.degree. F., sufficient for vulcanizing the mold encased elastomeric jacket in situ during passage of the cable through the zone whereby to vulcanize the jacket in situ substantially free from stress, damage or disturbance, and with subsequent cooling thereof prior to removal of the mold therefrom.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of heat-treating a biaxially oriented polyolefin film by constraining the film against shrinkage, heating the constrained film to at least the minimum stress relaxation temperature of the polyolefin, and thereafter cooling the treated film to a temperature below the alpha-relaxation temperature of the polyolefin.The film is preferably heated rapidly to the required temperature and cooled rapidly therefrom. The resultant films exhibit good modulus and thermal shrinkage characteristics. The heat-treatment may be supplemented by a conventional heat-setting operation to improve heat-sealing characteristics of the treated films.

Abstract: A process for producing a laminate by bonding together in a molten state (I) a first outer layer composed of a nitrile barrier resin, (II) a tie layer comprising a mixture of (1) a nitrile barrier resin, and (2) a halogenated polyolefin and (3) a thermoplastic resin other than (1) and (2) and (III) a second outer layer composed of a thermoplastic resin.

Abstract: A method for forming a liner of the desired shape in a container closure, and an apparatus for carrying out this method. The method involves extruding a liner stock in the heated and molten state into an annular shape by an extruder, positioning the annular liner stock at a predetermined location in a closure, and molding the annular liner stock positioned in the closure into the desired shape while it is still in the molten state.

Abstract: Polymers containing polyalkylpiperidines, preparation and use thereof as stabilizers for synthetic polymer compositions are described. In said polymer, sterically hindered polyalkylpiperidines are laterally linked to the main chain. The polymers are distinguished by an improved stabilizing effect in various synthetic polymer compositions, such as polyolefins, against light- and/or heat-induced deterioration thereof. The polyalkylpiperidine-containing polymers of the invention are hardly volatile upon heat-processing or during storage of shaped articles containing said polymers, and are resistant to extraction with solvents.

Abstract: A composite of diamond and cemented tungsten carbide is produced by placing pulverized diamond in adjacency with a tungsten carbide/cobalt composition. The two materials are separated by a metallic material positioned therebetween which material has a melting point, when so utilized, lower than the eutectic point of the tungsten carbide/cobalt composition. The assembly is heated at a temperature high enough to permit melting of the metallic material and in a pressure-temperature region of the carbon phase diagram where diamond is thermodynamically stable but which temperature is insufficient to cause substantial melting of the tungsten carbide/cobalt composition. In this way, a controlled amount of metal is introduced into the pulverized diamond to promote bonding thereof.

Abstract: Non-fused hollow glass microspheres that consist primarily of silicate are rendered more water-resistant by treatment with multivalent metals. The hollow microspheres are slurried with water and then a solution of a multivalent metal salt such as Al.sub.2 (SO.sub.4).sub.3 is added to the slurry. The rate of the addition is controlled so that the pH can be regulated. Separating, washing and drying complete the preparation.

Abstract: Cutting tools and cutting tool inserts having improved mechanical and chemical wear resistance under demanding conditions of machining speed, temperature, or workpiece hardness comprise a silicon nitride substrate body having at least one hard, adherent coating layer of a refractory metal carbonitride. The silicon nitride substrate body consists essentially of a first phase of silicon nitride and a refractory second phase comprising silicon nitride and an effective amount of a densification aid selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, yttrium oxide, hafnium oxide, zirconium oxide, the lanthanide rare earth oxides, and mixtures thereof.