Abstract: The present invention of reflective liquid crystal display device include in: substrate having a surface; a pixel electrode on the surface; a first liquid crystal layer provided on the substrate; a second liquid crystal layer provided on the first liquid crystal layer; a counter electrode formed on the second liquid crystal layer; and a separating member provided between the first liquid crystal layer and the second liquid crystal layer. The first and second liquid crystal layers constituted by liquid crystal material having Bragg reflection(selective reflection in the same twist direction. The separating layer constituted optical compensator.

Abstract: A reflection-type liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate including a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix and switching devices for driving the pixel electrodes. A second substrate includes a counter electrode, and a liquid crystal layer is interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The pixel electrodes each include a lower electrode layer and an upper electrode layer. The upper electrode layer is formed of either silver or a silver alloy and is reflective.

Abstract: A method for controlling the cell gap of a liquid crystal display device is disclosed. A photo-sensitive polymer layer is coated over a substrate on which color filter, ITO and black matrix of the liquid crystal display device are formed. Spacers are uniformly sprayed and adhered on the photo-sensitive polymer. With a negative-type photo-polymer, a photo-mask can be used to expose the area of photo-sensitive polymer layer covering the the black matrix. The masked area is exposed, developed and removed by a conventional photo-lithographic process. The spacers attached to the masked area are also removed. The size of the spacers attached on the polymer above the thin-film transistors and the black matrix controls the cell gap.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a base plate having a plurality of pixels on a surface thereof with the pixels arranged in an array of spaced rows and columns. Each of the pixels includes a substantially rectangular region of polycrystalline silicon. A separate select line of polycrystalline silicon extends over and across the polycrystalline silicon regions of each row of pixels adjacent one side of the polycrystalline silicon region. The select lines has two extensions extending over and along two opposite sides of each polycrystalline silicon region. A layer of a dielectric material extends between the polycrystalline silicon regions and the first lines and the extensions of the first lines. Each of the first lines and its extensions forms a capacitor with the respective polycrystalline silicon region of each pixel. Data lines extend along the rows of the pixels and are electrically connected to each polycrystalline silicon region in its respective column of pixels.

Abstract: A reflective guest-host liquid crystal display device includes an optical reflective layer and a quarter wavelength plate (1/4 wavelength phase shifter) inside the device provides improved contrast an brightness of the display with a paper-white tone.

Abstract: A system, apparatus, and method for filling a display panel having first and second plates, with liquid crystal material, includes a nozzle for depositing a layer of liquid crystal material over a surface of a first plate of the panel, a scanning arm, coupled to the nozzle, for uniformly forming the layer of liquid crystal material over the surface of the first plate of the panel, and an attachment mechanism for placing the second plate over the first plate having the liquid crystal material thereover, thereby to form the display panel.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a frame having a settling portion, a lamp positioned within the frame and near a first side of the frame, a light guide positioned within the frame, wherein a cross-section of the light guide decreases with distance from the lamp, the light guide having a groove facing a second side of the frame, a bracket mounted in the settling portion of the frame and having a protrusion corresponding to the groove.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display having both wide angle viewing and fast response is described. A key feature of the method is the addition to the liquid crystal of a small amount of a monomer, selected from among the diacrylates or the monoacrylates, as well as a chiral dopant. Once the display has been assembled, the usual turn-on voltage (about 5 volts) is applied. After allowing the orientations of the directors to stabilize, the liquid crystal is irradiated with ultraviolet light for a few seconds. This causes the dissolved monomer to polymerize in place. The UV irradiation and applied voltage are then terminated. Defects that slow down the director stabilization are now prevented from re-forming so that the next time voltage is applied, the system responds in a few milliseconds. Adding a photoinitiator, in addition to the monomer, is an option.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate having a transparent electrode formed on its surface and a non-aperture portion in its predetermined region, a second substrate separated from and opposed to the first substrate, a member having a color filter function and a transparent electrode formed on the second substrate, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched a between the first and second substrates, and a backlight optical system arranged on the side of the second substrate away from the first substrate. The member having a color filter function is patterned in accordance with the display unit controlled by the two transparent electrodes. This member is a color reflecting layer stack constituted by a stack of a first planar-oriented cholesteric liquid crystal layer having a first chiral pitch and a second planar-oriented cholesteric liquid crystal layer having a second chiral pitch different from the first chiral pitch.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a color filter manufacturing method which can manufacture a low-cost color filter without causing any ink blurring, any color mixing, and any color omission. In order to achieve the object, according to the present invention, there is provided a color filter manufacturing method for a color filter formed by forming a layer to be colored on a transparent substrate, and discharging an ink colored in a predetermined color for coloring the layer, wherein when a numerical value of the thickness of the layer to be colored is assumed to be d (.mu.m) and a numerical value of the volume of the ink discharged at one discharge is to be Vo (p1: pico-liter), the thickness of the layer to be colored and the volume of the ink are adjusted to establish d>Vo/500.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display including a lamp, an U-shaped lamp housing surrounding the lamp, and a plastic housing fixed to the lamp housing. A grounding plate is placed between the plastic housing and the lamp housing, wherein the grounding plate has a first portion, placed between the lamp housing and the plastic housing and in contact with a portion of the lamp housing, and a second portion having an elastic portion that protrudes outward. A supporting frame is in contact with the plastic housing and the second portion of the grounding plate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device and method of forming a liquid crystal display device are disclosed. The device having a plurality of pixel electrodes for transmitting light, includes a first panel including an activation region for selectively activating the plurality of pixel electrodes, a first orientation layer formed on the activation region, and a light shielding pattern formed on the first orientation layer; a second panel including a second orientation layer; and a liquid crystal formed between the first and second panels. The device allows proper formation of microgrooves in the entire first orientation layer, for enhancing orientation of liquid crystal molecules, increasing contrast ratio and improving picture quality of the device.

Abstract: A liquid-crystal cell having plates defining a gap between them which is filled with a liquid crystal, especially a twisted nematic. The plates are made non-parallel to a predetermined degree so that the liquid crystal assumes a wedge shape, producing different effective thicknesses of the liquid crystal depending on the lateral position within the cell. In use, a narrow beam irradiates a portion of the cell, and the cell is positioned along the wedge direction so as to optimize the cell performance. The invention is particularly useful with a liquid-crystal multi-wavelength switch, which requires extinction ratios between the two states of the cell.

Abstract: Monocular and stereoscopic color display systems, wherein passive cholesteric liquid crystal (LC) filter/mirrors and active variable retarder type LC arrays are used in combination to produce low cost, high resolution, multicolor and full color displays, suitable for use as advertising, automotive, aircraft, computer, games and electron instrumentation displays.

Abstract: A reflective-type display device having a light modulating layer, including a host dispersed with light scatterers, which is held between two transparent electrodes; and a light absorbing layer disposed in back of the light modulating layer. The size of each light scatterer or the nearest distance between the adjacent light scatterers is nearly equivalent to the wavelength of incident light at least in two-dimensional directions. The refractive index ratio relative to incident light between the light scatterers and host is changed from 1 to 1.5 or more depending on the magnitude of a voltage applied across the electrodes.

Abstract: A chiral smectic liquid crystal device with good planar homogeneity in a layer normal direction can be constituted by disposing a chiral smectic liquid crystal having no cholesteric phase between a pair of substrates having mutually different characters, particularly in terms of Iso-SmA phase transition temperature. The liquid crystal may preferably have a layer spacing-changing characteristic such that it provides a layer spacing d.sub.A at a first transition point where the layer spacing of the liquid crystal begins to decrease on temperature decrease in the vicinity of a transition temperature from SmA phase to SmC* phase and a layer spacing d.sub.min at a second transition point where the layer spacing of the liquid crystal begins to increase on further temperature decrease from the first transition point, satisfying 0.96.ltoreq.d.sub.min /d.sub.A.

Abstract: A display includes a display screen for displaying information. A liquid crystal display (LCD) panel adjoins the display screen. The LCD panel is controlled to selectively define a viewing angle within which a selectable portion of the display screen is viewable through the LCD panel. The LCD panel includes a plurality of energizable segments which, when energized, are transparent to allow the selectable portion of the display screen to be viewed. Each of the plurality of energizable segments is selectively energizable to selectively enable corresponding portions of the display screen to be viewed.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes a first transparent electrode layer and a second transparent electrode layer sandwiching a liquid crystal layer between, a light source for radiating the substantially collimated light to the liquid crystal layer, and a diffusion unit for diffusing the light which has just been transmitted through the liquid crystal layer. The diffusion unit is arranged on the first glass plate via a transparent polymer for forming the first transparent electrode layer and a first alignment layer. Then, on the second glass plate, the second transparent electrode layer and a second orientation film are formed. A liquid crystal is introduced into a space between the first orientation film and the second alignment layer film and the light source is arranged for completing the liquid crystal display device.

Abstract: Disclosed is an LCD for displaying colour images including a liquid crystal unit for transmitting selectively light rays through pixels under the control of video signals, a video signal supply device for supplying the video signals controlling the pixels of the liquid crystal unit, a monochromatic light ray supplying device for supplying a red, green or blue light ray necessary to present colours under the control of the video signals, and a light supplying device for supplying white light to the monochromatic. The monochromatic light ray supplying device is structured so as to separate the white light provided by the light supplying device into the red, green and blue light rays which light rays are selectively supplied to the pixels of the liquid crystal unit as the video signals control the pixels of the liquid crystal unit.

Abstract: A contrast controller for a liquid-crystal display maximizes the display contrast by using a light sensor to detect ambient light levels and light blocked by the LCD panel. The display contrast is maximized by maximizing the difference between the ambient and blocked light levels. Further contrast maximization is accomplished through variable control of the LCD backlight in accordance with sensed light levels.