Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a pixel cell array formed on a substrate. The pixel cell array includes rows and columns of pixel cells and each pixel cell has a pixel TFT. Gate control lines extend along the respective rows of the pixel cell array and connect the pixel TFTs to a gate control circuit. A termination unit is located near one end of the gate control lines. The termination unit is made up of antenna TFTs, respectively connected to the gate control lines. The antenna TFTs have a size which is much larger than a size of the pixel TFTs and are preferably CMOS type TFTs. The termination unit discharges a static charge which may build up on the gate control lines so that damage to the pixel TFTs caused by the static charge is prevented.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel part group composed of a plurality of panel parts such as an array cell, a optical system sheet family, a light guide plate, a lamp reflector, and a lamp, and a liquid crystal display panel is enveloped in a film for laminating the parts. This film may be provided so as to cover the whole of the liquid crystal display panel part group and the film may have an opening. In order to adjust the positions of the parts, convex and concave portions are provided in the liquid crystal display panel parts.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel having abuilt-in touch panel is disclosed. The liquid crystal display panel disclosed here includes a display comprising one first substrate, one second substrate, a bottom polarizer and a liquid crystal layer; a top polarizer, a plurality of parallel stripes of first electrodes, a plurality of spacers, said spacers locating between said top polarizer; wherein the projection of said first electrodes on said first substrate intersects the projection of said second electrodes on said first electrodes. Furthermore, a method for manufacturing the liquid crystal display panel illustrated above is also disclosed.

Abstract: An O-plate compensator is manufactured by dissolving a polyimide polymer material incorporating a plurality of bulky side-chain groups in a first solvent to form a first solution, applying the first solution to a substrate, evaporating the first solvent to form an alignment layer, buffing the alignment layer, dissolving a polymerizable liquid crystal material in a second solvent to form a second solution, applying the second solution to the alignment layer, evaporating the second solvent to form a thin film of polymerizable liquid crystal material (with a nematic phase, an alignment-layer interface having a liquid crystal pretilt angle of between approximately 25 and 65 degrees, and an air interface), adjusting the temperature of the thin film to obtain a uniform specified orientation of a director of the thin film, and polymerizing the thin film with ultraviolet radiation to achieve a liquid crystal pretilt angle of between approximately 25 and 65 degrees at the air interface.

Abstract: A liquid crystal cell assembly is described which eliminates high-order multiple-beam interference from reflections at the interfaces between the various elements. It can incorporate fixed retarders for compensation or production of high retardances. The invention enables standard, economical methods to be used in making the liquid crystal cell, retarder elements, optical coatings, and overall assembly. Transmissive and reflective embodiments are shown.

Abstract: A color liquid crystal display device which separates white light in to component colors. The separated colors are modulated by a reflective liquid crystal display. A lens group between the light separator and the reflective liquid crystal display condenses the entering light to each pixel of the liquid crystal display. High brightness and aperture efficiency are achieved by including in the lens group a birefringent material so that a different optical function is performed relative to the entering light fluxes and the modulated light fluxes.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a liquid crystal display device including vertical alignment layers formed on the substrates. The alignment layer having a polymer realizing vertical alignment is formed on the substrate an unpolarized ultraviolet light is then irradiated in the oblique direction at an angle not more than 45 degrees with respect to the surface of the alignment layer. The ultraviolet light has an exposure energy of 30 to 120 mJ/cm2 per percent of the polymer content realizing the vertical alignment of the alignment layer. The liquid crystal can thus align substantially vertically to the surface of the alignment layer, with a pretilt, and such an alignment is realized by the irradiation of the ultraviolet light, without rubbing.

Abstract: Disclosed are super broadband circularly polarizing film materials and novels methods of fabricating and using the same. The circularly polarizing materials are made from polymerizable CLC film material having a cholesteric order, in which a liquid crystal material, such as a nematic liquid crystal material, is distributed in a non-linear fashion across the thickness of the film in a plurality of liquid crystal-rich and liquid crystal-depleted sites in the CLC polymer. The pitch of the helices of the CLC molecules in the polyermized CLC material varies in a non-linear (e.g. exponential) manner along the depth dimension (i.e. transverse to the surface) thereof. The resulting circularly polarizing materials have reflection and transmission characteristics over bands of operation approaching 2000 nm. Depending on the final spiral structure of the polymeriable CLC materials utilized, the CLC circularly polarizing materials reflect either left-handed or right-handed circularly polarized light.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a novel liquid crystal display material having an excellent contrast ratio, a display method and a display device using the material. The present invention uses a liquid crystal display material comprising a polymer in which a liquid crystal is dispersed in a dissolvable state or a phase separable state, wherein the liquid crystal dissolves in the polymer at high temperatures and separates from the polymer at low temperatures, and a contrast ratio (B/A) of a reflectance (A) of the display material cooled from the dissolution state at a rate of 10° C./sec and a reflectance (B) of the display material cooled from the dissolution state at a rate of 4° C./sec is not less than 2. The image forming state can be maintained by controlling the cooling rate from the dissolution state to maintain the liquid crystal in translucent state.

Abstract: An active matrix type liquid crystal display device capable of accomplishing an angle of visual field equal to that of a CRT and controlling the display by an electric field substantially parallel to a substrate surface provides bright display and requires lower power consumption. Pixel electrodes and opposed electrode capable of applying an electric field substantially parallel to a substrate surface is constituted, the pixel electrodes or the opposed electrodes are constituted by transparent electrodes, and the orientation state of a liquid crystal and the axis of polarization of a polarizer are constituted so that dark display is effected at the time when no field is applied. In this way, there can be provided a transverse field system active matrix type liquid crystal display device having a wide visual field angle characteristics, excellent contrast ratio and aperture ratio and capable of improving maximum transmissivity.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display having a first substrate on which a pixel electrode is formed, a second substrate on which an opposed electrode opposed to the first pixel electrode is formed, and a liquid crystal sealed in the space between the first and second substrates, wherein the interval between the pixel electrode and the opposed electrode in the area near the edge of the pixel electrode id longer than that in the other area than the area near the edge of the pixel electrode. Therefore the liquid crystal display has good display characteristics. A method for manufacturing such a liquid crystal display is also disclosed.

Abstract: A projection-type display apparatus of the invention aiming at solving the problem of heat generation caused by absorption of light by a polarizing means of a liquid crystal light valve. To overcome this problem, the projection-type display apparatus of the invention includes a light source, a light valve for modulating the light from the light source, and a projection optical means for projecting the light modulated by the light valve, with the light valve including a liquid crystal panel and a polarizing means, provided on the light source side of the liquid crystal panel, and the polarizing means being formed of a multi-layered film which primarily transmits one of two types of polarization axis component light beams and primarily reflects the other of the two types of polarization axis component light beams.

Abstract: Opposed electrodes are separately provided correspondingly to a main display area and a sub display area in an active-matrix liquid-crystal display apparatus. The most-appropriate voltages are applied to the opposed electrode corresponding to the main display area and to the opposed electrode,corresponding to the sub display area, according to the size of each pixel zone disposed in each display area.

Abstract: A polymer dispersion type liquid crystal (PDLC) display element comprising a complex of polymers and liquid crystal droplets held between a pair of substrates. The liquid crystal droplets are deformed into a compressed structure of their being contracted in a cell gap direction and an amount of deformation of the liquid crystal droplets is set to be in range in which a phenomenon of liquid crystal molecules rising up in the cell gap direction is not caused by excluded volume effects of the liquid crystals. The amount of deformation of the liquid crystal droplets, is set to be in range in which the phenomenon of liquid crystal molecules rising up in the cell gap direction is not caused by excluded volume effects of the liquid crystals can provide an increased tendency of the liquid crystal molecules to align in parallel to a phase boundary of the substrates. The DPLC display element having excellent threshold characteristics and scattering characteristics and high display characteristics can be achieved.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes: a source electrode (gate electrode) having an Al or Al alloy layer; a pixel electrode provided above the source electrode (gate electrode); and interlayer insulator films interposed between the source electrode (gate electrode) and the pixel electrode by depositing a TFT protection film as an inorganic insulator film and an organic insulator film in this sequence when viewed from the source electrode, so as to cover the source electrode (gate electrode).

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel and a liquid crystal projection display apparatus comprising the liquid crystal panel, the liquid crystal panel comprising an insulating substrate, plural pixel electrode formed above said insulating substrate, plural thin film transistors each driving each of said pixel electrode, and a light-shielding layer formed between said thin film transistor and said insulating substrate.

Abstract: A transverse electric liquid crystal panel is constructed as follows. A TFT-side glass substrate is bonded to a color-filter-side glass substrate so as to have a projection. The TFT-side glass substrate and the color-filter-side glass substrate are disposed in a display-surface side and a rear side respectively. The projection is so formed as to protrude horizontally therefrom over the color-filter-side glass substrate. The TFT-side glass substrate is provided with a transparent conductive film for absorbing and transmitting static electricity. The transparent conductive film is electrically connected to a ground of a circuit board arranged adjacent to the transverse electric liquid crystal panel with a conductive cable. The connection between the conductive cable and the transparent conductive film is secured with an anisotropic conductive tape. The back side of the projection is used as a pressure-contacting portion that acts as the connection between the TCP and the TFT-side glass substrate.

Abstract: An active matrix type liquid crystal display device having first and second substrates with a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrate. A plurality of drain lines and gate lines are formed on the first substrate and cross each other in a matrix form. A plurality of pixels are formed by adjoining the drain lines and the gate lines. At least a signal line is formed with at least two contact holes over the signal line in each pixel, and the two contact holes is arranged to connect between different electrodes.

Abstract: A liquid crystal cell includes a liquid crystal layer between upper and lower substrates. A series of insulating ridges forming a monograting structure overlay a first electrode overlaying the lower substrate. The ridges carry second electrodes connected together and displaced from the first electrode along the thickness dimension of the cell. The second electrodes lie within a “bulk region” of the liquid crystal bounded by the farthest extent reached by the liquid crystal in the thickness dimension. As the gap between electrodes is small, low drive voltages produce between the electrodes a significant electric field adjacent the surface.

Abstract: An electrode width of intermediate connection wiring which connects terminal electrode and common electrode is made narrower than an electrode width of terminal electrode at forming an electrode pattern on one of substrates configuring a liquid crystal display device. This enables the prevention of detrimental effect of cutting and polishing the periphery of a liquid crystal cell onto the terminal electrode. A laser irradiation process required for removing the common electrode is eliminated, and thus manufacturing cost may be reduced.