Patents by Inventor Alexander Cooper
Alexander Cooper has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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Patent number: 9618619Abstract: Laser radar systems include a pentaprism configured to scan a measurement beam with respect to a target surface. A focusing optical assembly includes a corner cube that is used to adjust measurement beam focus. Target distance is estimated based on heterodyne frequencies between a return beam and a local oscillator beam. The local oscillator beam is configured to propagate to and from the focusing optical assembly before mixing with the return beam. In some examples, heterodyne frequencies are calibrated with respect to target distance using a Fabry-Perot interferometer having mirrors fixed to a lithium aluminosilicate glass-ceramic tube.Type: GrantFiled: March 15, 2013Date of Patent: April 11, 2017Assignees: Nikon Corporation, Nikon Metrology NVInventors: Mina A. Rezk, Anthony R. Slotwinski, Daniel G. Smith, Eric Peter Goodwin, Alexander Cooper, Thomas M. Hedges
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Patent number: 9453812Abstract: An electrochemical-based analytical test strip for the determination of an analyte (such as glucose) in a bodily fluid sample (for example, a whole blood sample) and/or a characteristic of the bodily fluid sample (e.g., hematocrit) includes a sample-entry chamber with a sample-application opening disposed on an end edge of the electrochemical-based analytical test strip, and first and second sample-determination chambers, each in direct fluidic communication with the sample-entry chamber. The electrochemical-based analytical test strip also includes first and second electrodes (such as first and second hematocrit electrodes) disposed in the first sample-determination chamber, and a third and fourth electrodes (for example working and reference electrodes) disposed in the second sample-determination chamber.Type: GrantFiled: June 24, 2014Date of Patent: September 27, 2016Assignee: LifeScan Scotland LimitedInventors: Alexander Cooper, Antony Smith, Lynsey Whyte, Neil Whitehead, David McColl, Brian Guthrie, Timothy Lloyd, Rossano Massari, Christian Forlani
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Publication number: 20160202204Abstract: An electrochemical-based analytical test strip for the determination of an analyte (such as glucose) in a bodily fluid sample includes an electrically insulating base layer, a first electrically conductive layer disposed on the electrically insulating base layer and including at least one electrode, an enzymatic reagent layer disposed on the at least one electrode, a patterned spacer layer and a top layer. The electrochemical-based analytical test strip also includes an ultra-thin discontinuous metal layer with a nominal thickness of less than 10 nanometers disposed between the first electrically conductive layer and the top layer. Moreover, at least the patterned spacer layer defines a sample-receiving chamber containing the at least one electrode, and the ultra-thin discontinuous metal layer is disposed at least within the sample-receiving chamber.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 10, 2014Publication date: July 14, 2016Inventors: James RODGERS, Alexander COOPER, Gavin MACFIE, Steven SETFORD, Russell BAIN, Scott SLOSS
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Publication number: 20160187283Abstract: Electrochemical-based analytical test strip with a soluble electrochemically-active coating opposite a bare electrode An electrochemical-based analytical test strip (EBATS) for the determination of an analyte in a bodily fluid sample includes an electrically insulating base layer, a patterned electrically conductive layer disposed on the electrically insulating base layer and including a plurality of electrodes, and an enzymatic reagent layer disposed on a portion of the patterned conductor layer and defining a bare electrode(s) and a plurality of enzymatic reagent covered electrodes from the plurality of electrodes. The EBATS also includes a patterned spacer layer, a top layer having an underside surface (USS), and a soluble electrochemically-active coating (SEAC) disposed on the USS of the top layer. In addition, at least the patterned spacer layer and top layer define a sample-receiving chamber within the EBATS.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 6, 2014Publication date: June 30, 2016Inventors: Alexander COOPER, James Iain RODGERS, Gavin MACFIE
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Publication number: 20150369769Abstract: An electrochemical-based analytical test strip for the determination of an analyte (such as glucose) in a bodily fluid sample (for example, a whole blood sample) and/or a characteristic of the bodily fluid sample (e.g., hematocrit) includes a sample-entry chamber with a sample-application opening disposed on an end edge of the electrochemical-based analytical test strip, and first and second sample-determination chambers, each in direct fluidic communication with the sample-entry chamber. The electrochemical-based analytical test strip also includes first and second electrodes (such as first and second hematocrit electrodes) disposed in the first sample-determination chamber, and a third and fourth electrodes (for example working and reference electrodes) disposed in the second sample-determination chamber.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 24, 2014Publication date: December 24, 2015Inventors: Alexander COOPER, Antony SMITH, Lynsey WHYTE, Neil WHITEHEAD, David MCCOLL, Brian GUTHRIE, Timothy LLOYD, Rossano MASSARI, Christian FORLANI
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Publication number: 20150362453Abstract: An electrochemical-based analytical test strip (EBATS) for the determination of an analyte (such as glucose) in a bodily fluid sample (for example, a whole blood sample) includes an electrically insulating base layer (110), a patterned electrically conductive layer (120) disposed on the electrically insulating base layer, an enzymatic reagent layer (140) disposed on the patterned electrically conductor layer, a patterned spacer layer (150), a top layer (170) having an underside surface, and a soluble acidic material coating (160) on the underside surface of the top layer. The patterned spacer layer and top layer define a sample-receiving chamber (180) within the EBATS and the soluble acidic material coating is disposed on the underside surface of the top layer within the sample-receiving chamber. In addition, the soluble acidic material coating is operably dissolvable in the bodily fluid sample such that a pH of the bodily fluid sample in the sample-receiving chamber is reduced during use of the EBATS.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 30, 2014Publication date: December 17, 2015Inventors: Gavin MACFIE, Alexander COOPER, Christopher LEACH, Stephen MACKINTOSH
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Patent number: 8847721Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide improved thermal conductivity within, among other things, electromagnetic coils, coil assemblies, electric motors, and lithography devices. In one embodiment, a thermally conductive coil includes at least two adjacent coil layers. The coil layers include windings of wires formed from a conductor and an insulator that electrically insulates the windings within each coil layer. In some cases the insulator of the wires is at least partially absent along an outer surface of one or both coil layers to increase the thermal conductivity between the coil layers. In some embodiments, an insulation layer is provided between the coil layers to electrically insulate the coil layers. In some cases the insulation layer has a thermal conductivity greater than the thermal conductivity of the wire insulator.Type: GrantFiled: November 12, 2009Date of Patent: September 30, 2014Assignee: Nikon CorporationInventors: Alexander Cooper, Alton H. Phillips, Scott Coakley
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Patent number: 8724095Abstract: A compact optical assembly for a laser radar system is provided, that is configured to move as a unit with a laser radar system as the laser radar system is pointed at a target and eliminates the need for a large scanning (pointing) mirror that is moveable relative to other parts of the laser radar. The optical assembly comprises a light source, a lens, a scanning reflector and a fixed reflector that are oriented relative to each other such that: (i) a beam from the light source is reflected by the scanning reflector to the fixed reflector; (ii) reflected light from the fixed reflector is reflected again by the scanning reflector and directed along a line of sight through the lens; and (iii) the scanning reflector is moveable relative to the source, the lens and the fixed reflector, to adjust the focus of the beam along the line of sight.Type: GrantFiled: October 25, 2011Date of Patent: May 13, 2014Assignee: Nikon CorporationInventors: Eric Peter Goodwin, Daniel Gene Smith, Brian L. Stamper, Alexander Cooper, Alec Robertson
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Publication number: 20130241762Abstract: A light beam is scanned, for use in laser radar and other uses, by an optical system of which an example includes a beam-shaping optical system that includes a first movable optical element and a second movable optical element. The first optical element forms and directs an optical beam along a nominal propagation axis from the beam-shaping optical system to a target, and the second optical element includes a respective actuator by which the second optical element is movable relative to the first optical element. A controller is coupled at least to the actuator of the second optical element and is configured to induce motion, by the actuator, of the second optical element to move the optical beam, as incident on the target, relative to the nominal propagation axis.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 15, 2013Publication date: September 19, 2013Applicant: Nikon CorporationInventors: Daniel G. Smith, Alexander Cooper, Eric Peter Goodwin, Yuichi Takigawa, Alec Robertson
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Publication number: 20130241761Abstract: Optical systems suitable for use as or in laser radar systems and other uses include a beam-forming unit, a beam-scan unit, and a controller. The beam-forming unit includes a first optical element, and the beam-scan unit includes a second optical element. The first optical element is movable to shape and direct a substantially collimated optical beam along a nominal propagation axis to a target, and the second optical element includes at least one movable beam deflector that moves the optical beam in a scanning manner relative to the nominal propagation axis. The controller is coupled to the beam-forming unit and beam-scan unit, and is configured to induce movement of the first optical element required for shaping and directing the optical beam along the nominal propagation axis and to induce independent motion of the beam deflector of the second optical element as required to scan the optical beam relative to the nominal propagation axis. The beam deflector can be refractive or reflective.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 15, 2013Publication date: September 19, 2013Applicant: Nikon CorporationInventors: Alexander Cooper, Daniel G. Smith, W. Thomas Novak
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Publication number: 20130141735Abstract: A target (16) for a metrology system (10) that monitors the position of an object (12) includes a target housing (225) and a photo detector assembly (226). The target housing (225) can include a first target surface (218A), and a second target surface (218B) that is at an angle relative to the first target surface (218A). The photo detector assembly (226) can include a first detector (220A) that is secured to the first target surface (218A), and a second detector (220B) that is secured to the second target surface (218B). Each of the detectors (220A) (220B) can be a quad cell that includes four detector cells (238A) (238B) (238C) (238D) that are separated by a gap (236).Type: ApplicationFiled: June 4, 2012Publication date: June 6, 2013Inventors: Michael Sogard, Alexander Cooper, W. Thomas Novak
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Publication number: 20130099957Abstract: A compact optical assembly for a laser radar system is provided, that is configured to move as a unit with a laser radar system as the laser radar system is pointed at a target and eliminates the need for a large scanning (pointing) mirror that is moveable relative to other parts of the laser radar. The optical assembly comprises a light source, a lens, a scanning reflector and a fixed reflector that are oriented relative to each other such that: (i) a beam from the light source is reflected by the scanning reflector to the fixed reflector; (ii) reflected light from the fixed reflector is reflected again by the scanning reflector and directed along a line of sight through the lens; and (iii) the scanning reflector is moveable relative to the source, the lens and the fixed reflector, to adjust the focus of the beam along the line of sight.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 25, 2011Publication date: April 25, 2013Applicant: Nikon CorporationInventors: Eric Peter Goodwin, Daniel Gene Smith, Brian L. Stamper, Alexander Cooper, Alec Robertson
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Publication number: 20120325027Abstract: In one embodiment, a stage apparatus includes a wafer stage, at least one conduit, and a measurement stage. The at least one conduit is coupled between the wafer stage and a ground. The measurement stage is configured to approximately follow the wafer stage during at least a portion of a motion of the wafer stage, and is configured to carry the at least one conduit to reduce disturbances on the wafer stage caused by the at least one conduit.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 18, 2012Publication date: December 27, 2012Applicant: NIKON CORPORATIONInventors: Alexander Cooper, Michael B. Binnard
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Publication number: 20120062866Abstract: Electromagnetic actuators are disclosed having at least one actively cooled coil assembly. Exemplary actuators are linear and planar motors of which the cooled coil assembly has a coil having first and second main surfaces. A respective thermally conductive cooling plate is in thermal contact with at least one main surface of the coil. Defined in or on each cooling plate is a coolant passageway that conducts a liquid coolant. A primary pattern of the coolant passageway is coextensive with at least part of the main surface of the coil. The primary pattern can have a secondary pattern through which coolant flows in a manner reducing eddy-current losses. An exemplary secondary pattern is serpentine. An exemplary primary pattern is radial or has a radial aspect, such as an X-shaped pattern. The devices exhibit reduced eddy-current drag.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 2, 2011Publication date: March 15, 2012Inventors: Michael B. Binnard, Scott Coakley, Alex Ka Tim Poon, Masahiro Totsu, Derek Coon, Leonard Wai Fung Kho, Gaurav Keswani, Alexander Cooper, Michel Pharand, Matt Bjork
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Publication number: 20110109419Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide improved thermal conductivity within, among other things, electromagnetic coils, coil assemblies, electric motors, and lithography devices. In one embodiment, a thermally conductive coil includes at least two adjacent coil layers. The coil layers include windings of wires formed from a conductor and an insulator that electrically insulates the windings within each coil layer. In some cases the insulator of the wires is at least partially absent along an outer surface of one or both coil layers to increase the thermal conductivity between the coil layers. In some embodiments, an insulation layer is provided between the coil layers to electrically insulate the coil layers. In some cases the insulation layer has a thermal conductivity greater than the thermal conductivity of the wire insulator.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 12, 2009Publication date: May 12, 2011Inventors: Alexander Cooper, Alton H. Phillips, Scott Coakley
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Publication number: 20100156198Abstract: According to one aspect of the present invention, a motor arrangement includes at least one coil, a cover plate, and a shield layer. The at least one coil has a first side and a second side. The cover plate is positioned substantially over the first side of the at least one coil at a distance from the at least one coil. The shield layer is positioned between the first side of the at least one coil and the cover plate, and has a top surface. The top surface contacts the cover plate, and includes a liquid and a gas that form a mixture and cause the top surface to have a substantially constant temperature.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 21, 2009Publication date: June 24, 2010Inventors: Alexander Cooper, Scott Coakley, Douglas C. Watson, Alton H. Phillips, Gaurav Keswani, Michael B. Binnard
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Patent number: 6352669Abstract: The invention utilizes green support structures during sintering to maintain the shape, reduce sagging and prevent separate part sections from coming into contact and fusing together during the sintering process. In the most preferred embodiment, monolithic green structures are form with integrated support green structures that are released from the parts after sintering. Preferably monolithic green structures are formed by the Mold Shape Deposition Manufacturing (Mold SDM) process. By the method described, complex sintered structures can be made having interlocking and independently movable interlocking parts.Type: GrantFiled: October 22, 1999Date of Patent: March 5, 2002Assignee: The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior UniversityInventors: Alexander Cooper, Friedrich Prinz
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Patent number: D488084Type: GrantFiled: May 27, 2003Date of Patent: April 6, 2004Assignee: Alliance For Downtown New YorkInventors: Alexander Cooper, E. Keith Orlesky, Michel Dionne
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Patent number: D495445Type: GrantFiled: May 27, 2003Date of Patent: August 31, 2004Assignee: Alliance for Downtown, New York, Inc.Inventors: Alexander Cooper, E. Keith Orlesky, Michel Dionne
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Patent number: D496120Type: GrantFiled: May 27, 2003Date of Patent: September 14, 2004Assignee: Alliance For Downtown New YorkInventors: Alexander Cooper, E. Keith Orlesky, Michel Dionne