Abstract: A system for energy storage, in particular for mechanical energy, including a system for quasi-isothermal compression of a gas via a hydraulic fluid. The mechanical energy stored is then released by quasi-isothermal expansion of the gas. The system is also configured to store electrical energy, in particular from intermittent sources such as photovoltaic or wind energy. The storage of excess electrical energy can also be considered for use during consumption peaks.

Abstract: Process for producing liquid hydrocarbons from a heavy feedstock such as biomass, carbon, lignite, or heavy petroleum residue comprising: A partial oxidation b) of the heavy feedstock, producing a synthesis gas SG1, with an H2/CO ratio<1; A steam reforming c) of a light feedstock that comprises hydrocarbons having at most 4 carbon atoms, for the production of a synthesis gas SG2 with an H2/CO ratio>3; A Fischer-Tropsch conversion into liquid hydrocarbons of a synthesis gas SG, mixture of at least a portion of SG1 and at least a portion of SG2, in proportions such that SG has an H2/CO ratio of between 1.2 and 2.5. The light feedstock comprises hydrocarbons having less than 10 carbon atoms C1-C10 are obtained from a pretreatment of the heavy feedstock and/or are produced in the Fischer-Tropsch stage and/or during a downstream hydrocracking stage.

Abstract: A method of deacidizing a gaseous effluent comprising acid compounds where the gaseous effluent is contacted in C1 with an adsorbent solution so as to obtain a gaseous effluent depleted in acid compounds and an absorbent solution laden with acid compounds, the absorbent solution being selected for its property of forming two separable phases when it has absorbed an amount of acid compounds and when it is heated. The absorbent solution laden with acid compounds is then heated in E1 and E3 so as to separate two fractions: a first absorbent solution fraction depleted in acid compounds and a second absorbent solution fraction enriched in acid compounds. These two fractions are then separated in BS1. The second fraction is regenerated in C2 so as to release part of the acid compounds, and the first absorbent solution fraction and the regenerated absorbent solution are recycled as absorbent solution.

Abstract: A process for refining or pre-refining a crude oil P is described in which P is fractionated into several fractions, wherein partial oxidation of an asphaltenic residue R1 derived from P is carried out to produce a synthesis gas SG1 with an H2/CO ratio of less than 1, steam cracking is carried out of an external light hydrocarbon fraction to produce a synthesis gas SG2 with a H2/CO ratio of more than 3; SG1 and SG2 are mixed to produce a synthesis gas SG with a H2/CO ratio in the range 1.2 to 2.5, and SG is converted by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, then the waxes produced are converted into middle distillates. Preferably, a vacuum distillate VGO and/or a deasphalted oil DAO derived from P are hydrocracked mixed with the waxes. The invention also pertains to a facility for carrying out the process.

Abstract: A system for energy storage, in particular for mechanical energy, including a system for quasi-isothermal compression of a gas via a hydraulic fluid. The mechanical energy stored is then released by quasi-isothermal expansion of the gas. The system is also configured to store electrical energy, in particular from intermittent sources such as photovoltaic or wind energy. The storage of excess electrical energy can also be considered for use during consumption peaks.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for producing synthesis gas, SG, from hydrocarbons and/or recycled compounds. In the process: a stream comprising a first feed F1 supplemented with steam undergoes steam reforming in a multi-tube reactor-exchanger R having a shell and reaction tubes containing a steam reforming catalyst within the shell; the reaction tubes are heated by convection by circulating in the shell, in overall counter-current mode, a heating fluid HF external to the tubes, which fluid comprises a first combustion gas stream of a second feed F2, then fluid HF is mixed, in 1 to 4 complementary combustion zones internal to the shell, with a third feed F3 and a gas comprising oxygen, to increase the temperature of the HF, and then the mixture obtained circulates in R to heat the reaction tubes in a complementary manner; and SG is produced from the steam reforming effluent from F1 and optionally part or all of the HF.

Abstract: Process for the production of liquid hydrocarbons from a feedstock that comprises at least one elementary feedstock from the group of biomass, coal, lignite, petroleum residues, methane, and natural gas, comprising: at least one stage a) for gasification of the feedstock by partial oxidation and/or steam reforming to produce a synthesis gas SG; a stage b) for separating CO2 from SG and a portion of the effluent of the subsequent stage c); the mixing of a portion of the CO2 that is separated with a gas of an H2/CO ratio of more than 3; a stage c) for partial conversion with hydrogen, thermal or thermocatalytic, of the CO2 that is present in said first mixture according to the reaction: CO2+H2?CO+H2O in a specific reaction zone that is separated from said gasification zone or zones; a stage d) for Fisher-Tropsch synthesis on a synthesis gas that comprises at least a portion of SG and at least a portion of the CO that is produced by the conversion of CO2 into hydrogen.

Abstract: Process for producing liquid hydrocarbons from a heavy feedstock such as biomass, carbon, lignite, or heavy petroleum residue comprising: A partial oxidation b) of the heavy feedstock, producing a synthesis gas SG1, with an H2/CO ratio <1; A vapor reforming c) of a light feedstock that comprises hydrocarbons having at most 4 carbon atoms, for the production of a synthesis gas SG2 with an H2/CO ratio >3; A Fischer-Tropsch conversion into liquid hydrocarbons of a synthesis gas SG, mixture of at least a portion of SG1 and at least a portion of SG2, in proportions such that SG has an H2/CO ratio of between 1.2 and 2.5. The light feedstock comprises hydrocarbons that have less than 10 carbon atoms C1-C10 that are obtained from a pretreatment of the heavy feedstock and/or are produced in the Fischer-Tropsch stage and/or during a downstream hydrocracking.

Abstract: A process for refining or pre-refining a crude oil P is described in which P is fractionated into several fractions, wherein partial oxidation of an asphaltenic residue R1 derived from P is carried out to produce a synthesis gas SG1 with an H2/CO ratio of less than 1, steam cracking is carried out of an external light hydrocarbon fraction to produce a synthesis gas SG2 with a H2/CO ratio of more than 3; SG1 and SG2 are mixed to produce a synthesis gas SG with a H2/CO ratio in the range 1.2 to 2.5, and SG is converted by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, then the waxes produced are converted into middle distillates. Preferably, a vacuum distillate VGO and/or a deasphalted oil DAO derived from P are hydrocracked mixed with the waxes. The invention also pertains to a facility for carrying out the process.

Abstract: A cogeneration method and device by turbine, particularly by gas turbine, uses a compression section, at least one expansion section, and a combustion chamber. A combustion agent including oxygen is compressed in the compression section; in the combustion chamber, one combustion step is carried out under pressure with a mixture of combustion agent compressed with a fuel; at least some of the hot gases obtained by pressurized combustion are used to effect an exchange with an external facility; and at least one postcombustion step is carried out of a mixture of hot gases coming from combustion with a fuel, prior to the exchange, and at least one other postcombustion step of a mixture of hot gases, coming from the exchange, with a fuel, in order to obtain hot gases that are sent to the expansion section.

Abstract: For producing synthesis gas, SG, from a hydrocarbon feed and optionally from recycled compounds, F, a first feed F1 supplemented with steam undergoes steam reforming in a multi-tube reactor-exchanger R comprising a plurality of reaction tubes (38) containing a steam reforming catalyst and a shell containing said tubes, to produce a first synthesis gas SG1; reaction tubes (38) are heated principally by convection by circulating a fluid HF in the shell external to said tubes, in which HF is a staged partial oxidation stream with oxygen of a second feed F2 at a pressure in the range 0.5 to 12 MPa, to produce a second synthesis gas SG2; and the synthesis gas SG is produced by mixing SG1 and SG2.

Abstract: A method for quantitative monitoring of a gas injected into a reservoir and likely to react chemically with the injection medium includes injecting into a reservoir a mixture of the potentially reactive gas to be quantified with a low proportion of a tracer gas whose chemical inertness is total, and in determining the variation with time of the initial proportion of reactive gas that may have disappeared through conversion, by measuring the concentration variation of the tracer gas in the mixture. The tracer gas is preferably selected from the rare gas family and from isotopes thereof, unlikely to be contaminated by contact of the mixture with the injection medium, and which have physical properties such as solubility in water or diffusion coefficients as close as possible to the gas injected. The method is applicable to monitoring of the evolution and conversion of a reactive gas such as carbon dioxide or methane, injected into an underground reservoir for example.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for reducing the CO2 rate present in the fumes discharged by a power generator burning a mixture of an oxidizer and of a fuel containing hydrocarbons, wherein the combustion fumes are expanded, a gas mixture comprising oxidizer and the fumes is compressed, at least part of the CO2 present in a first part of the compressed mixture is removed and a second part of the compressed mixture is recycled so as to carry out combustion. The invention also relates to a device for implementing the method.

Abstract: A method of deacidizing a gaseous effluent comprising acid compounds where the gaseous effluent is contacted in C1 with an adsorbent solution so as to obtain a gaseous effluent depleted in acid compounds and an absorbent solution laden with acid compounds, the absorbent solution being selected for its property of forming two separable phases when it has absorbed an amount of acid compounds and when it is heated. The absorbent solution laden with acid compounds is then heated in E1 and E3 so as to separate two fractions: a first absorbent solution fraction depleted in acid compounds and a second absorbent solution fraction enriched in acid compounds. These two fractions are then separated in BS1. The second fraction is regenerated in C2 so as to release part of the acid compounds, and the first absorbent solution fraction and the regenerated absorbent solution are recycled as absorbent solution.

Abstract: Process for the production of liquid hydrocarbons from a feedstock that comprises at least one elementary feedstock from the group of biomass, coal, lignite, petroleum residues, methane, and natural gas, comprising: at least one stage a) for gasification of the feedstock by partial oxidation and/or steam reforming to produce a synthesis gas SG; a stage b) for separating CO2 from SG and a portion of the effluent of the subsequent stage c); the mixing of a portion of the CO2 that is separated with a gas of an H2/CO ratio of more than 3; a stage c) for partial conversion with hydrogen, thermal or thermocatalytic, of the CO2 that is present in said first mixture according to the reaction: CO2+H2?CO+H2O in a specific reaction zone that is separated from said gasification zone or zones; a stage d) for Fisher-Tropsch synthesis on a synthesis gas that comprises at least a portion of SG and at least a portion of the CO that is produced by the conversion of CO2 into hydrogen.

Abstract: The invention relates to a plant for regasification of liquefied natural gas (GNL), comprising a liquefied gas storage reservoir (10) and a regasification device (12) for the GNL through which the natural gas and a heat transfer medium flow. According to the invention, the plant comprises a loop circuit (16) in which the heat transfer medium circulates in the form of a low-viscosity organic liquid with a low crystallisation point and the regasification device (12) comprises at least two exchangers (60, 62).

Abstract: A process for producing synthesis gas, SG, from a hydrocarbon feed and optionally from recycled compounds, F, is described in which: a first feed F1 supplemented with steam undergoes steam reforming in a multi-tube reactor-exchanger R comprising a plurality of reaction tubes (38) containing a steam reforming catalyst and a shell containing said tubes, to produce a first synthesis gas SG1; said reaction tubes (38) are heated principally by convection by circulating a fluid HF in the shell external to said tubes, in which HF is a staged partial oxidation stream with oxygen of a second feed F2 at a pressure in the range 0.5 to 12 MPa, to produce a second synthesis gas SG2; the synthesis gas SG is produced by mixing SG1 and SG2. FIG. 1 to be published.

Abstract: Use, in a gas production region, of a purified field gas in which: a) said gas is converted into hydrogen; b) a conventional sulphur-containing transportable fluid crude P1 is supplied; c) P1 is treated without discharging carbon, comprising a desulphurizing treatment step by hydrotreatment, hydroconversion or hydrocracking of a fraction boiling above 343° C., consuming hydrogen; a step for reducing the quantity of vacuum residue by segregation and/or conversion of a portion of said vacuum residue; so as to produce a pre-refined asphaltenes-free oil refinery feedstock PA, and a residual easily transportable liquid oil refinery feedstock; d) evacuating said prerefined oil PA to an oil port.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of a synthesis gas SG 1. Process for the production of a synthesis gas SG that has an H2/CO ratio of between 1.9 and 2.3 starting from a carbon-containing material that is relatively low in hydrogen, water and electrical energy, in which: Electrolysis of the water is carried out to produce, on the one hand, oxygen, and, on the other hand, hydrogen, A CF current that comprises at least the majority of the carbon contained in the carbon-containing material CF is subjected to a partial oxidation POX with essentially pure oxygen produced by electrolysis, At least a portion of the hydrogen that is produced by electrolysis is added to the CF current upstream and/or downstream from the partial oxidation POX, in such an amount that the H2/CO ratio of the final synthesis gas SG is between 1.9 and 2.3, the carbon-containing material being dried upstream from the POX so that the O2/H2 molar ratio of the POX-supplied oxygen to the added hydrogen is between 0.45 and 0.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for producing synthesis gas, SG, from hydrocarbons and/or recycled compounds, in which: a stream comprising a first feed F1 supplemented with steam undergoes steam reforming in a multi-tube reactor-exchanger R with reaction tubes (38) containing a steam reforming catalyst, and with a shell; the reaction tubes are heated by convection by circulating in the shell, in overall counter-current mode, a heating fluid HF external to said tubes, which fluid comprises a first combustion gas stream of a second feed F2, then said fluid HF is mixed in a complementary combustion zone (32, 34) internal to the shell with a third feed F3 and a gas comprising oxygen, to increase the temperature of the HF, then the stream of mixture obtained circulates in R to heat the reaction tubes in a complementary manner; SG is produced from the steam reforming effluent from F1 and optionally part or all of the HF.