Abstract: The participant terminal 80 includes imaging means 81 for shooting video of the participant who uses the participant terminal 80, frequency measurement means 82 for measuring the number of nods of the participant from the shot video, and action information transmission means 83 for transmitting action information that information of the participant is associated with the number of nods to the server 70. The server 70 includes transmission means 71 for transmitting the action information to the speaker terminal 90. The speaker terminal 90 includes participant output means 91 for outputting the information of the participant in order according to the number of nods included in the action information.

Abstract: Semiconductor devices are provided. A semiconductor device includes an insulating layer and a conductive element in the insulating layer. The semiconductor device includes a first barrier pattern in contact with a surface of the conductive element and a surface of the insulating layer. The semiconductor device includes a second barrier pattern on the first barrier pattern. Moreover, the semiconductor device includes a metal pattern on the second barrier pattern. Related semiconductor packages are also provided.

Abstract: A semiconductor package includes; a redistribution substrate including a redistribution pattern, a semiconductor chip mounted on a top surface of the redistribution substrate, and a connection terminal between the semiconductor chip and the redistribution substrate. The redistribution substrate further includes; a pad structure including a pad interconnection and a pad via, disposed between the redistribution pattern and the connection terminal, wherein the pad structure is electrically connected to the redistribution pattern and a top surface of the pad structure contacts the connection terminal, a shaped insulating pattern disposed on a top surface of the redistribution pattern, and a pad seed pattern disposed on the redistribution pattern and covering the shaped insulating pattern.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a conductive component on a substrate, a passivation layer on the substrate and including an opening that exposes at least a portion of the conductive component, and a pad structure in the opening and located on the passivation layer, the pad structure being electrically connected to the conductive component. The pad structure includes a lower conductive layer conformally extending on an inner sidewall of the opening, the lower conductive layer including a conductive barrier layer, a first seed layer, an etch stop layer, and a second seed layer that are sequentially stacked, a first pad layer on the lower conductive layer and at least partially filling the opening, and a second pad layer on the first pad layer and being in contact with a peripheral portion of the lower conductive layer located on the top surface of the passivation layer.

Abstract: Semiconductor devices are provided. A semiconductor device includes an insulating layer and a conductive element in the insulating layer. The semiconductor device includes a first barrier pattern in contact with a surface of the conductive element and a surface of the insulating layer. The semiconductor device includes a second barrier pattern on the first barrier pattern. Moreover, the semiconductor device includes a metal pattern on the second barrier pattern. Related semiconductor packages are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a semiconductor device including a conductive pattern on a substrate, a passivation layer on the substrate and including an opening that partially exposes the conductive pattern, and a pad structure in the opening of the passivation layer and connected to the conductive pattern. The pad structure includes a first metal layer that fills the opening of the passivation layer and has a width greater than that of the opening, and a second metal layer on the first metal layer. The first metal layer has a first thickness at an outer wall of the first metal layer, a second thickness on a top surface of the passivation layer, and a third thickness on a top surface of the conductive pattern. The second thickness is greater than the first thickness, and the third thickness is greater than the second thickness.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a first redistribution substrate, a semiconductor chip on a top surface of the first redistribution substrate, a conductive structure on the top surface of the first redistribution substrate and laterally spaced apart from the semiconductor chip, and a molding layer on the first redistribution substrate and covering a sidewall of the semiconductor chip and a sidewall of the conductive structure. The conductive structure includes a first conductive structure having a first sidewall, and a second conductive structure on a top surface of the first conductive structure and having a second sidewall. The first conductive structure has an undercut at a lower portion of the first sidewall. The second conductive structure has a protrusion at a lower portion of the second sidewall.

Abstract: A semiconductor package including a semiconductor chip, a redistribution layer structure disposed under the semiconductor chip, a bump pad disposed under the redistribution layer structure and having an upper structure of a first width and a lower structure of a second width less than the first width, a metal seed layer disposed along a lower surface of the upper structure and a side surface of the lower structure, an insulating layer surrounding the redistribution layer structure and the bump pad, and a bump structure disposed under the bump pad. A first undercut is disposed at one end of the metal seed layer that contacts the upper structure, and a second undercut is disposed at an other end of the metal seed layer that contacts the lower structure.

Abstract: Disclosed are semiconductor packages and their fabrication methods. The semiconductor package comprises a substrate that includes a plurality of vias, a first chip stack on the substrate and including a plurality of first semiconductor chips that are sequentially stacked on the substrate, and a plurality of first non-conductive layers between the substrate and the first chip stack and between neighboring first semiconductor chips. Each of the first non-conductive layers includes first extensions that protrude outwardly from first lateral surfaces of the first semiconductor chips. The more remote the first non-conductive layers are from the substrate, the first extensions protrude a shorter length from the first lateral surfaces of the first semiconductor chips.

Abstract: Disclosed is a semiconductor device including a conductive pattern on a substrate, a passivation layer on the substrate and including an opening that partially exposes the conductive pattern, and a pad structure in the opening of the passivation layer and connected to the conductive pattern. The pad structure includes a first metal layer that fills the opening of the passivation layer and has a width greater than that of the opening, and a second metal layer on the first metal layer. The first metal layer has a first thickness at an outer wall of the first metal layer, a second thickness on a top surface of the passivation layer, and a third thickness on a top surface of the conductive pattern. The second thickness is greater than the first thickness, and the third thickness is greater than the second thickness.

Abstract: A semiconductor package includes; laterally stacked semiconductor blocks disposed side by side in a first horizontal direction on a redistribution structure, wherein each semiconductor block among the laterally stacked semiconductor blocks includes laterally stacked semiconductor chips, a heat dissipation plate, and a first molding member on the laterally stacked semiconductor chips.

Abstract: A semiconductor package includes a semiconductor chip including a second bonding insulating layer surrounding at least a portion of each of a first bonding pad structure and a second bonding pad structure, in which the first bonding pad structure includes a first contact portion, a first bonding pad, and a first seed layer disposed between the first bonding pad and the first contact portion and extending in a first direction, the second bonding pad structure includes a second contact portion, a second bonding pad, and a second seed layer disposed between the second bonding pad and the second contact portion and extending in the first direction, and the second bonding insulating layer is in contact with a side surface of each of the first and second seed layers and the first and second bonding pads.

Abstract: A semiconductor package includes a wiring structure that includes a first insulating layer and a first conductive pattern inside the first insulating layer, a first semiconductor chip disposed on the wiring structure, an interposer that includes a second insulating layer, a second conductive pattern inside the second insulating layer, and a recess that includes a first sidewall formed on a first surface of the interposer that faces the first semiconductor chip and a first bottom surface connected with the first sidewall, where the recess exposes at least a portion of the second insulating layer, a first element bonded to the interposer and that faces the first semiconductor chip inside the recess, and a mold layer that covers the first semiconductor chip and the first element.

Abstract: A semiconductor package including a semiconductor chip, a redistribution layer structure disposed under the semiconductor chip, a bump pad disposed under the redistribution layer structure and having an upper structure of a first width and a lower structure of a second width less than the first width, a metal seed layer disposed along a lower surface of the upper structure and a side surface of the lower structure, an insulating layer surrounding the redistribution layer structure and the bump pad, and a bump structure disposed under the bump pad. A first undercut is disposed at one end of the metal seed layer that contacts the upper structure, and a second undercut is disposed at an other end of the metal seed layer that contacts the lower structure.

Abstract: An integrated circuit device includes a substrate, a landing pad on the substrate, and a through-via structure passing through the substrate and connected to the landing pad. The through-via structure may include a conductive plug, a first conductive barrier layer covering a sidewall and a lower surface of the conductive plug, and a second conductive barrier layer covering a sidewall of the first conductive barrier layer.

Abstract: There are provided semiconductor packages including a redistribution substrate and a semiconductor chip mounted on the redistribution substrate. The redistribution substrate may include a lower protective layer, a first conductive pattern disposed on the lower protective layer, a first insulating layer surrounding the first conductive pattern and disposed on the lower protective layer, and a second insulating layer disposed on the first insulating layer. The first insulating layer may include a first upper surface that includes a first flat portion extending parallel to an upper surface of the lower protective layer, and a first recess facing the lower protective layer and in contact with the first conductive pattern. The first recess may be directly connected to the first conductive pattern.

Abstract: Semiconductor devices are provided. A semiconductor device includes an insulating layer and a conductive element in the insulating layer. The semiconductor device includes a first barrier pattern in contact with a surface of the conductive element and a surface of the insulating layer. The semiconductor device includes a second barrier pattern on the first barrier pattern. Moreover, the semiconductor device includes a metal pattern on the second barrier pattern. Related semiconductor packages are also provided.

Abstract: A semiconductor package may include a redistribution substrate, a semiconductor chip mounted on a top surface of the redistribution substrate, and a conductive terminal provided on a bottom surface of the redistribution substrate. The redistribution substrate may include an under-bump pattern including a via portion in contact with the conductive terminal and a wire portion on the via portion and an insulating layer covering top and side surfaces of the under-bump pattern. A central portion of a bottom surface of the via portion may be provided at a level higher than an edge portion of the bottom surface of the via portion.

Abstract: Semiconductor devices are provided. A semiconductor device includes an insulating layer and a conductive element in the insulating layer. The semiconductor device includes a first barrier pattern in contact with a surface of the conductive element and a surface of the insulating layer. The semiconductor device includes a second barrier pattern on the first barrier pattern. Moreover, the semiconductor device includes a metal pattern on the second barrier pattern. Related semiconductor packages are also provided.

Abstract: A semiconductor package includes; a redistribution substrate including a redistribution pattern, a semiconductor chip mounted on a top surface of the redistribution substrate, and a connection terminal between the semiconductor chip and the redistribution substrate. The redistribution substrate further includes; a pad structure including a pad interconnection and a pad via, disposed between the redistribution pattern and the connection terminal, wherein the pad structure is electrically connected to the redistribution pattern and a top surface of the pad structure contacts the connection terminal, a shaped insulating pattern disposed on a top surface of the redistribution pattern, and a pad seed pattern disposed on the redistribution pattern and covering the shaped insulating pattern.