Abstract: A process and an apparatus for molten slag gasification of solid fuels in a molten slag gasifier with increased output, an increased range of solid fuels that can be used and improved gas quality. The process is conducted such that, by means of a molten slag gasifier comprising a feed of the coarse-grained solid fuels and comprising a gas takeoff, both at the head of the molten slag gasifier, comprising a slag bath and comprising a slag bath takeoff at the bottom of the molten slag gasifier, comprising a feed for first gasifying means by means of gasifying means nozzles above the slag bath, comprising a filling of the fixed bed above the slag bath, in addition to the first gasifying means a second gasifying means are injected by way of at least one gasifying means nozzle that reaches into the upper region of the fixed bed.

Abstract: A method for determining an identifier on the basis of a multiplicity of cells is proposed, wherein the cells are subdivided into subsets, wherein the fact of whether a reconstructable information item is determinable is ascertained for each of the subsets, wherein, if a reconstructable information item is determinable for a subset, the reconstructable information item is determined and stored, wherein, if a reconstructable information item is not determinable for a subset, an error information item is determined and stored for this subset.

Abstract: A system for securely transmitting data includes a control device and at least one security module. The control device is configured for producing a cryptographic key using a physically unclonable function (PUF). The at least one security module is configured for communicating with the control device at least one of confidentially and authentically using the cryptographic key. The control device has no storage for storing the cryptographic key. The control device includes at least one hardware device that is configured for providing a specific feature combination. The control device also includes a calculation unit that is configured for producing the cryptographic key using the specific feature combination and the physically unclonable function (PUF).

Abstract: The invention relates to an RFID tag, which comprises a receiving means, a first and a second verification means, and a transmitting means. The receiving means is designed to receive a challenge message sent by an RFID reading device. Said challenge message comprises a challenge data set, which has a digital certificate issued for the RFID reading device by a certification authority and signed by means of a private key of the certification authority and which has a request message, and a digital signature at least of the request message, which digital signature is generated by means of a private key of the RFID reading device. The first verification means is designed to verify the digital certificate by means of a public key of the certification authority. The second verification means is designed to verify the digital signature by means of a public key of the RFID reading device.

Abstract: A device for decrypting data includes a number of devices secured by at least one security device. The secured devices include a receiver for receiving calculation data encrypted using a homomorphic encryption function and a decryptor for decrypting the encrypted calculation data by carrying out the inverse of the homomorphic encryption function on the encrypted calculation data using a private key assigned to the homomorphic encryption function. A method and a computer program product for decrypting data are also provided.

Abstract: A method and system for accelerated decryption of a cryptographically protected user data unit, wherein a transmitter initially generates a cryptographic key that is provided with a related key identification. The transmitter then performs asymmetrical encryption of the generated cryptographic key using a public cryptographic key and encryption of at least one user data unit using the generated cryptographic key. The encrypted user data unit, the asymmetrically encrypted cryptographic key and the related key identification of the cryptographic key are transported to a receiver that decrypts the received asymmetrically encrypted key using a private key, if verification of the received related key identification of the cryptographic key indicates the cryptographic key is not present in a decrypted state in the receiver. The receiver then decrypts the received cryptographically encrypted user data unit using the cryptographic key in the receiver or with the cryptographic key decrypted using the private key.

Abstract: A method and system for confidentially providing a software component which is encrypted using a secret cryptographic key of a software component manufacturer, and the key is then encrypted using a first cryptographic system key, wherein the encrypted software component and the encrypted key are transported by the software component manufacturer to a destination system device. After decrypting the transported encrypted key using a second cryptographic system key, the transported encrypted software component is decrypted using the decrypted key, wherein the decrypted software component is provided for execution on the destination system device. The method can be used to protect source codes or object codes of a developed software component from access by a third party and still allows for processing using standard tools.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to systems and methods for authenticating devices and securing data. In embodiments, a session key for securing data between two devices can be derived as a byproduct of a challenge-response protocol for authenticating one or both of the devices.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to systems and methods for authenticating devices and securing data. In embodiments, a session key for securing data between two devices can be derived as a byproduct of a challenge-response protocol for authenticating one or both of the devices.

Abstract: An apparatus for calculating a result of a scalar multiplication of a reference number with a reference point on an elliptic curve includes a random number generator and processor. The random number generator generates a random bit. The processor calculates the result of the scalar multiplication based on a calculation algorithm using a first auxiliary variable storing a first interim result representing an integer multiple of the reference point or a coordinate of an integer multiple of the reference point and a second auxiliary variable storing a second interim result representing another integer multiple of the reference point or a coordinate of another integer multiple of the reference point. The processor swaps a value stored by the first auxiliary variable and a value stored by the second auxiliary variable during calculation of the result of the scalar multiplication, if a swap condition depending on the generated random bit is fulfilled.

Abstract: A method and a system for naming-conflict-free integration of software components originating from software component manufacturers (OEM), comprising software development devices from different software component manufacturers (OEM) that manufacture and encrypt software components with the respective cryptographic key, wherein when a naming conflict occurs during the integration of encrypted software components, at least one of the encrypted software components in which the naming conflict occurred is expanded by a naming conflict resolution rule to thereby allows for the resolution of naming conflicts in encrypted software components that can originate from different software component manufacturers without the source code of the software components becoming visible to third parties.

Abstract: An IT system includes at least one first processing unit and one second processing unit. The first and second processing units jointly execute an application program and are each associated with an installation routine designed to control updating of a first or second program part of the application program. A first actual state is associated with the first processing unit and a second actual state is associated with the second processing unit. After system reboot, or as soon as the first and second program part have been successfully stored, or an error is detected when storing the first and/or second program part, predefined processing steps are respectively carried out in a predefined order by the first processing unit aid the second processing unit depending on the actual state of the first processing unit and the actual state of the second processing unit.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a processing circuit is described including a first input path and a second input path, a processing element configured to receive a first input bit and a second input bit via the first input path and the second input path and configured to perform a logic operation which is commutative with respect to the first input bit and the second input bit and a sorter configured to distribute the first input bit and the second input bit to the first input path and the second input path according to a predetermined sorting rule.

Abstract: The invention relates to an RFID tag, which comprises a receiving means, a first and a second verification means, and a transmitting means. The receiving means is designed to receive a challenge message sent by an RFID reading device. Said challenge message comprises a challenge data set, which has a digital certificate issued for the RFID reading device by a certification authority and signed by means of a private key of the certification authority and which has a request message, and a digital signature at least of the request message, which digital signature is generated by means of a private key of the RFID reading device. The first verification means is designed to verify the digital certificate by means of a public key of the certification authority. The second verification means is designed to verify the digital signature by means of a public key of the RFID reading device.

Abstract: One embodiment describes a method for permuting data elements, comprising receiving a sequence of data elements, and carrying out a plurality of interchange operations each comprising randomly selecting a data element from the data elements in the sequence, interchanging the data element with another data element at a deterministically predefined position in the sequence of data elements, and applying a predefined permutation to the deterministically predefined position or to the sequence of data elements.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an electronic circuit is described comprising a processing circuit configured to perform a data processing including a plurality of successive operations, wherein in at least some of the plurality of operations, a predetermined input value is processed; a check value memory; a controller configured to check, for each operation of the data processing performed by the processing circuit, whether the predetermined input value is processed in the operation, and, if the predetermined input value is processed in the operation, combine the predetermined input value to the content of the check value memory and a detector configured to check, when the processing is complete, whether the content of the check value memory is equal to a predetermined value.

Abstract: A method for recognizing a manipulation of at least one electrical line includes determining a parameter that is dependent on a resistance and a capacity, a resistance and an inductivity, or a resistance, a capacity, and an inductivity of the electrical line; comparing the determined parameter to a reference parameter to provide a comparison result; and recognizing a manipulation of the electrical line based on the provided comparison result.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and apparatus for entrained flow gasification of solid fuels under pressure, characterized in that first and second gasification agents containing oxygen are supplied in at least two stages to a powdery gasification stream input from above without burners so that a first, upper gasification chamber and, connected to it, a second, lower gasification chamber are formed. There is partial gasification of the gasification materials because of the addition of the first gasification agents, which are apportioned in terms of quantity and composition; temperatures arise in the first, upper gasification chamber that are greater than 600° C. Furthermore, the carbon conversion of the first gasification products is limited to a maximum of 80% with reference to the carbon input of the gasification materials.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an electronic circuit is described comprising a processing circuit configured to perform a data processing including a plurality of successive operations, wherein in at least some of the plurality of operations, a predetermined input value is processed; a check value memory; a controller configured to check, for each operation of the data processing performed by the processing circuit, whether the predetermined input value is processed in the operation, and, if the predetermined input value is processed in the operation, combine the predetermined input value to the content of the check value memory and a detector configured to check, when the processing is complete, whether the content of the check value memory is equal to a predetermined value.

Abstract: A method for determining an identifier on the basis of a multiplicity of cells is proposed, wherein the cells are subdivided into subsets, wherein the fact of whether a reconstructable information item is determinable is ascertained for each of the subsets, wherein, if a reconstructable information item is determinable for a subset, the reconstructable information item is determined and stored, wherein, if a reconstructable information item is not determinable for a subset, an error information item is determined and stored for this subset.