Abstract: The present invention relates to aqueous coolants having vapor-space corrosion inhibiting properties, in particular for the run-in phase of internal combustion engines, after which the coolant is drained (engine run-in fluids), containing at least one ammonium salt of phthalic acid monoamides of the following formula (I), where R1 and R2 may be identical or different and are hydrogen or a linear or branched, cyclic or acyclic C1-C20-alkyl radical and A+ is an ammonium cation.

Abstract: Antifreeze concentrates based on alkylene glycols or derivatives thereof or on glycerol, comprising from 0.0005 to 0.1% by weight of the dye C.I. Reactive Violet 5 (Color Index No. 18097), based on the total amount of the concentrate.

Abstract: Antifreeze concentrates are based on a mixture of at least two different C3- to C16-dicarboxylic acids, molybdate and a mixture of at least two different triazoles or thiazoles.

Abstract: The mixture contains (a) from 5 to 95% by weight of at least one reaction product of a poly(C2-20-carboxylic acid) having at least one tertiary amino group with secondary amines and (b) from 5 to 95% by weight of at least one reaction product of maleic anhydride and a primary alkylamine.

Abstract: Hydraulic fluids, in particular brake fluids for motor vehicles, comprising from 0.01 to 50 wt % of one or more cyclic carboxylates, or cyclic carboxamides, which can carry a linear or branched C1-bis C20 alkyl group on the nitrogen atom.

Abstract: An antifreeze concentrate for cooling systems in fuel-cell drives which gives ready-to-use aqueous coolant compositions having a conductivity of at most 50 &mgr;S/cm, based on alkylene glycols or derivatives thereof and containing one or more five-membered heterocyclic compounds (azole derivatives) having 2 or 3 hetero atoms from the group consisting of nitrogen and sulfur, which contain no or at most one sulfur atom and which may carry a fused aromatic or saturated six-membered ring.

Abstract: Antifreeze concentrates based on alkylene glycols or derivatives thereof or on glycerol, comprising from 0.0005 to 0.1% by weight of the dye C.I. Reactive Violet 5 (Colour Index No. 18097), based on the total amount of the concentrate.

Abstract: Hydraulic fluids, in particular brake fluids for motor vehicles, having improved corrosion protection, comprising

Abstract: The invention relates to aqueous coolants with wet chamber corrosion inhibiting properties, for the running-in phase of internal combustion engines, after which the coolant is run off, comprising at least one ammonium salt of an optionally substituted C1-C4 mono- or di-carboxylic acid.

Abstract: The invention relates to antifreeze concentrates for cooling systems in fuel cell drives, from which are produced ready-to-use aqueous cooling agent compositions having a maximum conductivity of 50 &mgr;m/cm, based on alkylene glycols or the derivatives thereof, and containing orthosilicic acid esters of formula (I) wherein the variables R1 to R4 are the same or different and represent C1-C20 alkyl substituents, C2-C20 alkenyl substituents, C1-C20 hydroxyalkyl substituents, optionally substituted C6-C12 aryl substituents and/or glycol ether substituents of formula (CH2—CH2—O)a—R5 wherein R5 represents hydrogen or C1-C5 alkyl and n represents a number between 1 and 5.

Abstract: The invention relates to antifreeze concentrates which are based on alkylene glycols or derivatives thereof or on glycerin, containing 0.05 to 10 wt. % of one or more cathoxylic acid amides and/or sulfonic acid amides in relation to the total quantity of concentrate.

Abstract: In a process for preparing ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers in which a mixture of ethylene and vinyl acetate is polymerized continuously in the presence of free-radical polymerization initiators and, if desired, molecular weight regulators in a cooled tube reactor at a pressure in the range from 1000 to 3500 bar, and the poly-merization initiator is added at the beginning and at two or more points along the tube reactor, and temperature changes in the reaction mixture along the tube reactor, between the first temperature maximum and the last addition of the polymerization initiator, are within a range of not more than 20° C.

Abstract: Hydraulic fluids, in particular brake fluids for motor vehicles, contain from 0.005 to 0.

Abstract: A copolymer of the monomers of the following components A to C and, if required, D, the total amount by weight of which is 100 mol %: a: from 20 to 80 mol % of at least one ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or of an anhydride, ester and/or amide thereof as component A, b: from 1 to 79 mol % of at least one diketene of the general formula (I)  where R1 and R2 independently are each hydrogen or C1-C30-alkyl, as component B, c: from 1 to 79 mol % of at least one vinyl ester, alkyl (meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylonitrile or mixtures thereof as component C and d: from 0 to less than 0.5 mol % or, if at least 20 mol % of component C are present, from 0 to 20 mol % of at least one further olefinically unsaturated monomer as component D, is used as a flow improver in mineral oil middle distillates.

Abstract: Copolymer comprising ethylene units and vinyl formate units, the content of free vinyl formate in the polymer preferably being not more than 5000 ppm, based on the weight of the copolymer, a process for its preparation, and its use as flow improver, especially in petroleum distillates, preferably fuel and propellant compositions, especially petroleum middle distillates, and also a fuel and propellant composition comprising a principal quantity of a fuel and propellant and that quantity of a copolymer as above which is effective in improving the flow properties.

Abstract: Copolymer comprising ethylene units and vinyl formate units, the content of free vinyl formate in the polymer preferably being not more than 5000 ppm, based on the weight of the copolymer, a process for its preparation, and its use as flow improver, especially in petroleum distillates, preferably fuel and propellant compositions, especially petroleum middle distillates, and also a fuel and propellant composition comprising a principal quantity of a fuel and propellant and that quantity of a copolymer as above which is effective in improving the flow properties.

Abstract: A mixture contains(a) from 10 to 90% by weight of at least one imide of a copolymer based on an .alpha.-olefin and an ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid and a polyamine and(b) from 10 to 90% by weight of at least one reaction product of a poly(C.sub.2 -C.sub.20 -carboxylic acid) having a tertiary amino group with secondary aminesand is used as a paraffin dispersant in mineral oil middle distillates.

Abstract: Modified copolymers which are suitable as paraffin dispersants and are obtainable by reacting a copolymer of an ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid and/or a dicarboxylic acid derivative and a diketene of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, independently of one another, are each hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.30 -alkyl,with an amine of the general formula II ##STR2## where m may be from 0 to 100, n from 0 to 5 and x from 0 to 5,R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5, independently of one another, are each hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl andA is NR.sup.6 R.sup.7 or C.sub.2 -C.sub.30 -alkoxy,and at least one of the substituents R.sup.6 or R.sup.7 is not hydrogen and is C.sub.1 -C.sub.30 -alkyl or alkenyl or a polyether radical ##STR3## where R.sup.8 and R.sup.9 are each hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl and p is from 1 to 100,with the proviso that, when n is 0, A is NR.sup.6 R.sup.7,their preparation and use, and mineral oil middle distillates which contain these modified copolymers.

Abstract: Polymer blends containa) from 10 to 90% by weight of an imide of a copolymer based on an .alpha.-olefin and on an ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid and a polyamine andb) from 10 to 90% by weight of a copolymer which differs from a) and contains at least two monomers selected from the group consisting of ethylene, acrylates, vinyl esters, vinyl ethers and ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids or dicarboxylic acid derivatives,and are used as additives for mineral oil middle distillates.

Abstract: Ethylene-based copolymers which are suitable as flow improvers for mineral oil middle distillates are composed ofa) from 50 to 94% by weight of ethylene,b) from 3 to 30% by weight of one or more vinyl esters of C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 -monocarboxylic acids,c) from 3 to 20% by weight of one or more aminoalkyl acrylates of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is hydrogen or methyl, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 may be identical or different and are each hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl and A.sup.1 is straight-chain or branched C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 -alkylene, andd) from 0 to 10% by weight of one or more monomers which are copolymerizable with the monomers a) to c),copolymers in which monomer b) is vinyl acetate and which have a number average molecular weight of from 5000 to 50,000 being excluded, or are composed ofa') from 50 to 95.5% by weight of ethylene,b') from 4 to 30% by weight of one or more vinyl esters of C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 -monocarboxylic acids,c') from 0.