Abstract: A two-photon probe for real-time monitoring of intracellular magnesium ions is provided. Specifically, the two-photon probe is represented by Formula 1: wherein R is H or CH2OCOCH3. The two-photon probe is very suitable for real-time imaging of intracellular magnesium ions. The two-photon probe shows 17-fold two-photon excited fluorescence enhancement in response to Mg2+, which is 7-fold stronger than commercial probes, thus enabling staining of cells in a greatly reduced amount. In addition, the two-photon probe has a sufficiently low molecular weight to stain cells and is very suitable for monitoring Mg2+ ions present in the deep tissue. Furthermore, the two-photon probe can be effectively used for the quantitative as well as qualitative detection of intracellular magnesium ions. Further provided are a method for preparing the two-photon probe and a method for real-time monitoring of intracellular magnesium ions using the two-photon probe.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device is provided. A gate line and a data line cross each other to define a pixel region, and a power line crosses the gate line and is arranged parallel to the data line. A switching transistor is disposed at a crossing of the gate line and the data line, a driving transistor is disposed at a crossing of the gate line and the power line, and a pixel electrode is formed in the pixel region. Each of the switching transistor and the driving transistor includes a gate electrode formed under a channel layer, and a stopper on the channel layer.

Abstract: Two-photon dyes for real-time imaging of lipid rafts are provided. The two-photon dyes emit fluorescence with high intensity in the environments of cell membranes and can be used to clearly discriminate the hydrophobic and hydrophilic domains of the cell membranes. Therefore, the use of the two-photon dyes enables satisfactory imaging of actual lipid raft domains. In addition, since the two-photon dyes show no cytotoxicity, they can be suitably used in bioimaging applications, for example, real-time imaging of lipid rafts over a long period of time.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 1,3,5-tricyano-2,4,6-tris(vinyl)benzene derivatives and method for preparing the same. The 1,3,5-tricyano-2,4,6-tris(vinyl)benzene derivatives can be prepared by refluxing 1,3,5-tricyanomesitylene with N-formylamine dimethylacetal or substituted benzaldehyde, or by the Wittig reaction of 1,3,5-tricyano-2,4,6-tris[(diethoxyphosphoryl)methyl]benzene with substituted benzaldehyde. The 1,3,5-tricyano-2,4,6-tris(vinyl)benzene derivatives exhibit large first hyperpolarizability in solution and significant second harmonic generation (SHG) in the powder state, and are useful as optical devices such as electro-optic modulators, optical switch, or the like for treating optical signal in optical communication industry.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a plurality of gate lines arranged in a first direction and spaced apart at a constant interval, a plurality of data lines arranged in a second direction perpendicular to the gate lines at a constant interval so as to define pixel regions arranged in a matrix configuration, a plurality of pixel electrodes formed in the respective pixel regions, and a dummy data line formed at one side of the pixel electrodes connected to the last data line.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 1,3,5-tricyano-2,4,6-tris(vinyl)benzene derivatives and method for preparing the same. The 1,3,5-tricyano-2,4,6-tris(vinyl)benzene derivatives can be prepared by refluxing 1,3,5-tricyanomesitylene with N-formylamine dimethylacetal or substituted benzaldehyde, or by the Wittig reaction of 1,3,5-tricyano-2,4,6-tris[(diethoxyphosphoryl)methyl]benzene with substituted benzaldehyde. The 1,3,5-tricyano-2,4,6-tris(vinyl)benzene derivatives exhibit large first hyperpolarizability in solution and significant second harmonic generation (SHG) in the powder state, and are useful as optical devices such as electro-optic modulators, optical switch, or the like for treating optical signal in optical communication industry.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a plurality of gate lines arranged in a first direction and spaced apart at a constant interval, a plurality of data lines arranged in a second direction perpendicular to the gate lines at a constant interval so as to define pixel regions arranged in a matrix configuration, a plurality of pixel electrodes formed in the respective pixel regions, and a dummy data line formed at one side of the pixel electrodes connected to the last data line.

Abstract: A pulverized coal injecting apparatus includes a cylindrical inner pipe for feeding pulverized coal into a tuyere of a blast furnace. A cylindrical outer pipe coaxially surrounds the inner pipe. A spiral swirler is formed on the surface of the inner pipe and the pulverized coal is supplied through the inner pipe, while a combustible fluid is supplied through a space defined between the outer and inner pipes. The pulverized coal injecting apparatus further includes a plurality of dimples formed on a surface of a leading end portion of the inner pipe for reducing fluid flow resistance so as to improve the mixing of the pulverized coal with the combustible fluid. The fluid flow becomes efficient so as to improve the combustion efficiency of the pulverized coal. Thus, the oxygen enrichment cost and fuel costs are reduced.