Abstract: An image sensor includes a plurality of photodiodes, a plurality of color filters, and a plurality of microlenses. The plurality of photodiodes are arranged as a photodiode array, each of the plurality of photodiodes disposed within respective portions of a semiconductor material with a first lateral area. The plurality of color filters are arranged as a color filter array optically aligned with the photodiode array. Each of the plurality of color filters having a second lateral area greater than the first lateral area. The plurality of microlenses are arranged as a microlens array optically aligned with the color filter array and the photodiode array. Each of the plurality of microlenses have a third later area greater than the first lateral area and less than the second lateral area.

Abstract: An image sensor pixel comprises a subpixel and a polarization pixel. The subpixel includes a group of photodiodes disposed in semiconductor material, a shared microlens optically aligned over the group of photodiodes, and a subpixel color filter disposed between the group of photodiodes and the shared microlens. The polarization pixel includes a first photodiode disposed in the semiconductor material, an unshared microlens optically aligned over the first photodiode, and a polarization filter disposed between the first photodiode and the unshared microlens. The shared microlens has a first lateral area. The unshared microlens has a second lateral area less than the first lateral area of the shared microlens.

Abstract: Various aspects of the subject technology relate to an automotive camera unit. The automotive camera unit comprises a housing comprising an aperture, a lens positioned to receive an optical image through the aperture of the housing, and an image sensor board mounted within the housing, the image sensor board comprising an image sensor configured to convert the optical image into sensor data. The automotive camera unit further includes an image signal processor (ISP) board mounted within the housing and above the image sensor board, the image signal processor board comprising an image signal processor configured to covert the sensor data into image data for use by an automotive system.

Abstract: Color filter array patterns are provided for enhancing an image sensor's light sensitivity while preserving a color accuracy for image signal processing applications. In one example, an image sensor can include a substrate layer containing a first set of photodiodes and a second set of photodiodes, wherein each of the first set of photodiodes is larger than each of the second set of photodiodes; a first color filter array (CFA) covering the first set of photodiodes, wherein the first CFA includes a first set of color filters and a portion of the first set of color filters includes one or more clear filters; a second CFA covering the second set of photodiodes, wherein the second CFA includes a second set of color filters that is different than the first set of color filters; and one or more lenses covering the first CFA and the second CFA.

Abstract: An image sensor pixel array comprises a plurality of image pixel units to gather image information and a plurality of phase detection auto-focus (PDAF) pixel units to gather phase information. Each of the PDAF pixel units includes two of first image sensor pixels covered by a shared micro-lens. Each of the image pixel units includes four of second image sensor pixels adjacent to each other, wherein each of the second image sensor pixels is covered by an individual micro-lens. A coating layer is disposed on the micro-lenses and forms a flattened surface across the whole image sensor pixel array to receive incident light.

Abstract: An apparatus for cultivation of cells, particularly podocytes, is described. The apparatus includes a cell cultivation surface exhibiting at least one feature providing a non-planar microtopology. A method for cultivation of cells, particularly podocytes, is also described. The method includes introducing a differentiation media including ATRA, Vit D3, and Dex.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes receiving, from a controller, a data packet including (1) a plurality of samples each corresponding to measurements from a motion sensor and (2) a timestamp corresponding to a measurement time of one of the samples as measured by a clock of the controller; determining, based on the timestamp, an estimated measurement time relative to a local clock for each of the plurality of samples that is not associated with the timestamp; and converting each of the timestamp and the estimated measurement times to a corresponding synchronization time using a learned relationship relating the clock of the controller and the local clock. The learned relationship is iteratively learned based on previously received data packets from the controller. The synchronization time associated with each of the plurality of samples represents an estimated time, relative to the local clock, at which the sample was measured.

Abstract: An imaging system includes a first light source configured to provide a first light to an object, a second light source configured to provide a second light to said object, a color camera configured to capture an image of the object, a first mirror disposed between the first light source and said object, a second mirror disposed between the second light source and said object, a beam splitter disposed between the color camera and said object, a first filter for the first light source, a second filter for the second light source, and a processor configured to determine at least one of a shape, a deformation, and a strain measurement of said object from the image.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes receiving, from a controller, a data packet including (1) a plurality of samples each corresponding to measurements from a motion sensor and (2) a timestamp corresponding to a measurement time of one of the samples as measured by a clock of the controller; determining, based on the timestamp, an estimated measurement time relative to a local clock for each of the plurality of samples that is not associated with the timestamp; and converting each of the timestamp and the estimated measurement times to a corresponding synchronization time using a learned relationship relating the clock of the controller and the local clock. The learned relationship is iteratively learned based on previously received data packets from the controller. The synchronization time associated with each of the plurality of samples represents an estimated time, relative to the local clock, at which the sample was measured.

Abstract: A platform system receives sensor data describing the state and orientation of a tracked object and models the pose of the tracked object to determine user interactions with the platform system. To ensure that incorrect sensor data due to a saturation event or connection loss does not impact user experience, the platform system identifies regions for correction in sensor data streams based on the sensor data being at or above a saturation limit or not being received. The platform system predicts sensor data for an identified region of correction by applying a fit corresponding to points adjacent to the region for correction and determining predicted sensor data using the applied fit. The predicted sensor data is used to correct the modeled pose for the tracked object.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes receiving motion data from a motion sensor during a packet-transmission interval of a wireless protocol. The motion data corresponds to a first pre-determined number of samples measured at a first sampling frequency. Each sample is associated with a first timestamp corresponding to a measurement time of that sample during the packet-transmission interval. The method also includes converting the motion data to correspond to a second pre-determined number of samples. The second pre-determined number is fewer than the first pre-determined number. The method also includes determining a second timestamp for each of the second pre-determined number of samples. The second timestamps are within the packet-transmission interval and represent measurement times at a second sampling frequency that is lower than the first sampling frequency. The method also includes combining the converted motion data and the corresponding second timestamps into a first data packet.

Abstract: A first plasmonic-nanostructure sensor pixel includes a semiconductor substrate and a plurality of metal pillars. The semiconductor substrate has a top surface and a photodiode region therebeneath. The plurality of metal pillars is at least partially embedded in the substrate and extends from the top surface in a direction substantially perpendicular to the top surface. A second plasmonic-nanostructure sensor pixel includes (a) a semiconductor substrate having a top surface, (b) an oxide layer on the top surface, (c) a thin-film coating between the top surface and the oxide layer, and (d) a plurality of metal nanoparticles (i) at least partially between the top surface and the oxide layer and (ii) at least partially embedded in at least one of the thin-film coating and the oxide layer. A third plasmonic-nanostructure sensor pixel includes features of both the first and second plasmonic-nanostructure sensor pixels.

Abstract: An image sensor pixel array comprises a plurality of image pixel units to gather image information and a plurality of phase detection auto-focus (PDAF) pixel units to gather phase information. Each of the PDAF pixel units includes two of first image sensor pixels covered by a shared micro-lens. Each of the image pixel units includes four of second image sensor pixels adjacent to each other, wherein each of the second image sensor pixels is covered by an individual micro-lens. A coating layer is disposed on the micro-lenses and forms a flattened surface across the whole image sensor pixel array to receive incident light.

Abstract: An imaging system includes a first light source configured to provide a first light to an object, a second light source configured to provide a second light to said object, a color camera configured to capture an image of the object, a first mirror disposed between the first light source and said object, a second mirror disposed between the second light source and said object, a beam splitter disposed between the color camera and said object, a first filter for the first light source, a second filter for the second light source, and a processor configured to determine at least one of a shape, a deformation, and a strain measurement of said object from the image.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a multi-pixel detector. The multi-pixel detector includes a first pixel formed in a substrate and having a first photodiode region, a second pixel formed in the substrate adjacent to the first pixel and having a second photodiode region, and a microlens above both the first pixel and the second pixel. The microlens includes (a) in a first cross-sectional plane perpendicular to a top surface of the substrate and including both the first and the second photodiode regions, a first height profile having N1 local maxima, and (b) in a second cross-sectional plane perpendicular to the first cross-sectional plane and the top surface and including only one of the first and the second photodiode regions, a second height profile having N2>N1 local maxima.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods, compositions, and devices for making and using three-dimensional biological tissues that accurately mimic native physiology, architecture, and other properties of native tissues for use in, among other applications, drug testing, tissue repair and/or treatment, and regenerative medicine.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a multi-pixel detector. The multi-pixel detector includes a first pixel formed in a substrate and having a first photodiode region, a second pixel formed in the substrate adjacent to the first pixel and having a second photodiode region, and a microlens above both the first pixel and the second pixel. The microlens includes (a) in a first cross-sectional plane perpendicular to a top surface of the substrate and including both the first and the second photodiode regions, a first height profile having N1 local maxima, and (b) in a second cross-sectional plane perpendicular to the first cross-sectional plane and the top surface and including only one of the first and the second photodiode regions, a second height profile having N2>N1 local maxima.

Abstract: A backside-illuminated color image sensor with crosstalk-suppressing color filter array includes (a) a silicon layer including an array of photodiodes and (b) a color filter layer on the light-receiving surface of the silicon layer, wherein the color filter layer includes (i) an array of color filters cooperating with the array of photodiodes to form a respective array of color pixels and (ii) a light barrier grid disposed between the color filters to suppress transmission of light between adjacent ones of the color filters. The light barrier is spatially non-uniform across the color filter layer to account for variation of chief ray angle across the array of color filters.