Abstract: A process for the production of diisopropyl ether from high purity propylene without the need of a propane-propylene fractionation column has been developed. The process involves (1) reacting a high purity propylene feedstock and water to produce isopropyl alcohol in a reactor and reacting the isopropyl alcohol with propylene to produce diisopropyl ether in the presence of an acidic ion exchange resin catalyst and a propane diluent to generate a reactor effluent stream containing at least water, isopropyl alcohol, diisopropyl ether, propylene, and acid, (2) passing the reactor effluent to an acid removal zone to produce an acid-depleted stream, (3) dividing the acid-depleted stream into two portions, (4) recycling a portion to the reactor (5) allowing propane to build-up to an amount sufficient to operate as a diluent and (6) recovering product diisopropyl alcohol.

Abstract: Processes for producing jet-range hydrocarbons includes splitting a renewable olefin feedstock comprising C3 to C8 olefins into a plurality of streams and passing each stream to an oligomerization reactor containing a zeolite catalyst to produce an oligomerized effluent. The reactors may be arranged in series, such that an oligomerized effluent comprises a diluent for a downstream reactor. The net oligomerized effluent may be separated and a heavy olefin stream comprising C8+ olefins may be hydrogenated and separated to provide a distillate range hydrocarbon product.

Abstract: A process and apparatus uses a flash drum to separate light hydrocarbons from heavy oligomerate from an oligomerization zone. The heavy oligomerate can bypass a fractionation column in the oligomerate recovery section and be recycled to the oligomerization zone or other zones. Costs are saved by avoiding repeatedly transporting and processing the heavier recycled oligomerate.

Abstract: Processes and apparatuses for the production of butadienes are provided. In an embodiment, a process for production of butadienes includes passing a reactor feed stream comprising a hydrocarbon stream comprising butene, a steam stream and a oxygen rich stream to a dehydrogenation reactor. The reactor feed stream is oxidatively dehydrogenated in the dehydrogenation reactor in presence of an oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst to provide an effluent stream comprising butadiene. The effluent stream is cooled in a quench tower to provide a cooled effluent stream and a bottoms water stream. The cooled effluent stream is passed to an aldehyde scrubber to provide a scrubbed effluent stream and a spent water stream comprising aldehydes. A first portion of the bottoms water stream is passed from the quench tower to the aldehyde scrubber.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are provided for producing hydrocarbons. A method for producing hydrocarbons may include two or more reactors having a distributed aromatic rich feed and hydrogen system. Using this configuration, the aromatic rich feed and hydrogen streams are split equally to all reactors wherein each reactor contains a catalyst. The outlet from the last reactor may include a recycle that may be injected into the inlet of the first reactor.

Abstract: A process is presented for the recovery of solvent used in an alkylation process. The solvent removes heavy hydrocarbons from a C4 stream. The C4 stream is passed to an alkylation unit to generate an alkylate product. A portion of the solvent is carried over with the C4 stream and needs to be recovered to reduce the aromatics content in the C4 stream, to reduce any deleterious effects of the aromatics in downstream processing.

Abstract: Processes for oligomerizing olefins to produce diesel. The oligomerization zone temperature is controlled to counteract catalyst deactivation caused by coking, by contaminants such as cyclo C5 and/or cyclo C6 hydrocarbons, or both. The temperature is increased in increments to ensure that that the oligomerization zone is producing product at a target product yield with a target product quality, which may be measured by a product cetane number. The target product yield is at least 50 wt % and a target product cetane number may be at least 35.

Abstract: A process for removal of trace chloride contaminants from a reactor effluent in a catalytic dehydrogenation process is described. The reactor effluent is compressed in a compressor to provide a compressed effluent. The compressed effluent is introduced from the compressor into a chloride treater. In the chloride treater, trace chloride contaminants in the compressed effluent are adsorbed to provide a treated effluent. The treated effluent is cooled in a cooler.

Abstract: Processes for the production of linear alkylbenzenes from a renewable feedstock. Prior to converting the side chains of the glycerides and free fatty acids of the feedstock into hydrocarbons, the feedstock is separated into a stream rich in C10 and C14 free fatty acids glycerides having C10 and C14 fatty acid side chains and at least one, preferably two, other glyceride streams. The stream rich in glycerides having C10 and C14 fatty acid side chains can be converted via deoxygenation into a stream rich in C9 to C14 hydrocarbons while the other glyceride streams can be used as vegetable oil. A C10 to C13 hydrocarbon fraction from the stream rich in C9 to C14 hydrocarbons may be dehydrogenated to form olefins which may be reacted with benzene to form linear alkylbenzenes. The linear alkylbenzenes may be used to produce surfactants.

Abstract: A method for producing jet-range hydrocarbons includes passing a renewable olefin feedstock comprising C3 to C8 olefins to an oligomerization reactor containing a zeolite catalyst to produce an oligomerized effluent, separating the oligomerized effluent into at least a light stream, and a heavy olefin stream. At least a first portion of the heavy olefin stream is recycled to the oligomerization reactor to dilute the renewable olefin feedstock. portion of heavy olefin stream may be hydrogenated and separated to provide a jet range hydrocarbon product.

Abstract: Processes for producing jet-range hydrocarbons includes splitting a renewable olefin feedstock comprising C3 to C8 olefins into a plurality of streams and passing each stream to an oligomerization reactor containing a zeolite catalyst to produce an oligomerized effluent. The reactors may be arranged in series, such that an oligomerized effluent comprises a diluent for a downstream reactor. The net oligomerized effluent may be separated and a heavy olefin stream comprising C8+ olefins may be hydrogenated and separated to provide a distillate range hydrocarbon product.

Abstract: A method for producing jet-range hydrocarbons includes passing a renewable olefin feedstock comprising C3 to C8 olefins to an oligomerization reactor containing a zeolite catalyst to produce an oligomerized effluent, separating the oligomerized effluent into at least a C7? hydrocarbon stream, a heavy olefin stream, and a jet range olefin stream. At least a portion of the heavy olefin stream is recycled to the oligomerization reactor to dilute the renewable C4 olefin feedstock. The jet range olefin stream may be hydrotreated and separated to provide a jet range hydrocarbon product.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a process optimizing the yield of ethylene and propylene from a fluid catalytic cracking unit. The method combines a first catalytic reactor, a fractionation zone, a separation unit and a second catalytic reactor. The separation unit produces a first separate stream comprising C4 olefins and a second separate stream comprising C5 olefins. The separate streams may be combined and are passed to a second catalytic reactor for additional conversion to ethylene and propylene.

Abstract: A process and apparatus that uses a debutanizer with a side stripper can recover a light stream, an intermediate stream and a liquid stream. One of the intermediate stream and the liquid stream can be recycled to oligomerization or to fluid catalytic cracking.

Abstract: A process and apparatus uses a flash drum to separate light hydrocarbons from heavy oligomerate from an oligomerization zone. The heavy oligomerate can bypass a fractionation column in the oligomerate recovery section and be recycled to the oligomerization zone or other zones. Costs are saved by avoiding repeatedly transporting and processing the heavier recycled oligomerate.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a process optimizing the yield of ethylene and propylene from a fluid catalytic cracking unit. The method combines a first catalytic reactor, a fractionation zone, a separation unit and a second catalytic reactor. The separation unit produces a first separate stream comprising C4 olefins and a second separate stream comprising C5 olefins. The separate streams may be combined and are passed to a second catalytic reactor for additional conversion to ethylene and propylene.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a process optimizing the yield of ethylene and propylene from a fluid catalytic cracking unit. The method combines a first catalytic reactor, a fractionation zone, a separation unit and a second catalytic reactor. The separation unit produces a first separate stream comprising C4 olefins and a second separate stream comprising C5 olefins. The separate streams may be combined and are passed to a second catalytic reactor for additional conversion to ethylene and propylene.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for heating catalyst is presented. Cooler catalyst is removed from a reactor and heated with a hot gas in a riser, heated in a heating tube or heated in a heating chamber. Heated catalyst is disengaged from the hot gas if necessary and returned to the reactor. The process and apparatus can be used for producing light olefins. The hot gas may be a flue gas from an FCC regenerator or a combustion gas from a heater.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for controlling the amount of gasoline and distillate obtained from an oligomerate product is described. The process includes oligomerizing olefins in a feed stream to produce a mixture of an oligomerate product and unreacted feed. The mixture is separated into a light stream comprising the unreacted feed and the oligomerate product. Some or all of the oligomerate product is hydrogenated to produce hydrotreated oligomerate product. The hydrotreated oligomerate product can be separated into gasoline and distillate. A recycle stream comprising at least one of non-hydrotreated oligomerate product and hydrotreated oligomerate product is introduced into the oligomerization zone. The flow rates of non-hydrotreated oligomerate product and hydrotreated oligomerate product in the recycle stream are controlled to control the amount of gasoline and distillate product produced.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for producing jet-range hydrocarbons from biorenewable sources, such as oligomerizing C3-C8 biorenewable olefins, for example, derived from C3-C8 alkanol products of fermentation of biomass. Production of jet-range hydrocarbons is increased by employing an additional oligomerization zone for oligomerizing naphtha separated from the effluent of a primary oligomerization zone wherein the C3-C8 biorenewable olefins were first subjected to oligomerization.