Abstract: The present invention relates to a conjugate comprising oxyntomodulin, an immunoglobulin Fc region, and non-peptidyl polymer wherein the conjugate being obtainable by covalently linking oxyntomodulin to immunoglobulin Fc region via non-peptidyl polymer, and a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of obesity comprising the conjugates. The conjugate comprising oxyntomodulin and the immunoglobulin Fc of the present invention reduces food intake, suppresses gastric emptying, and facilitates lipolysis without side-effects, unlike native oxyntomodulin, and also shows excellent receptor-activating effects and long-term sustainability, compared to native oxyntomodulin. Thus, it can be widely used in the treatment of obesity with safety and efficacy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polyethylene glycol derivatives and use thereof.

Abstract: An apparatus for remotely controlling field robots, includes: an interface unit; a work command generator generating a work command signal for operating field robots; an autonomous command generator which generates an autonomous operation command signal for controlling an operation of a second field robot when a user selects a following mode and the work command generator generates a work command signal for a first field robot to correspond to the following mode, or generates an autonomous operation command signal for controlling operations of the first field robot and the second field robot in order to operate an object of work when the user selects an object mode and the work command generator generates a work command signal for the object of work to correspond to the object mode; and a communication unit transmitting the generated autonomous operation command signal to the first field robot and the second field robots.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a conjugate in which an immunoglobulin Fc region is linked to therapeutic enzymes through a non-peptide polymer linkage moiety, and more specifically, to a conjugate in which a non-peptide polymer linkage moiety is specifically linked to an immunoglobulin Fc, a method of preparing the same, and a composition comprising the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for the prevention or treatment of diabetes including a long-acting insulin conjugate and a long-acting insulinotropic peptide conjugate, and a method for treating diabetes. More specifically, combination administration of the long-acting analog conjugate and the long-acting insulinotropic peptide conjugate inhibits weight gain due to administration of insulin, and vomiting and nausea due to administration of the insulinotropic peptide, and also reduces the required doses of insulin, thereby remarkably improving drug compliance. In addition, the present invention relates to administering a pharmaceutical composition for reducing side effects of pancreatic beta cells in diabetic patients, including a long-acting insulin analog conjugate and a long-acting insulinotropic peptide analog conjugate, and to a method for reducing side effects of pancreatic beta cells in diabetic patients, including the step of administering the composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a protein conjugate in which a physiologically active polypeptide and a biocompatible material are linked through a fatty acid derivative, thus having an extended duration of physiological activity compared to that of a natural type, and a method of preparing the same. The protein conjugate of the present invention in which a biocompatible material, fatty acid, and a physiologically active polypeptide are linked was confirmed to have an increased half-life of the physiologically active polypeptide, and thus can be widely used in the field of protein drugs.

Abstract: A naphtha and methanol mixed catalytic cracking reaction process involves a simultaneous cracking reaction of naphtha and methanol using a circulating fluidized-bed reactor comprising a reactor, a stripper, and a regenerator. The naphtha is supplied from the bottom part of the reactor at a position between 0%˜5% of the total length of the reactor, and the methanol is supplied from the bottom part of the reactor at a position between 10%˜80% of the total length of the reactor. The catalytic cracking reaction process uses the circulating fluidized-bed reactor and can crack naphtha and methanol simultaneously by having different introduction positions for the naphtha and methanol in the reactor, which is advantageous for heat neutralization, so that energy consumption can be minimized and also the yield of light olefins can be improved by suppressing the production of light saturated hydrocarbons such as methane, ethane and propane.

Abstract: Disclosed are a protein conjugate with improved in vivo duration and stability and the use thereof. The protein conjugate includes a physiologically active polypeptide, a non-peptide polymer and an immunoglobulin Fc fragment. Since the three components are covalently linked, the protein conjugate has extended in vivo duration and enhanced stability for the physiologically active polypeptide. The protein conjugate maintains the in vivo activity at relatively high levels and remarkably increases the serum half-life for the physiologically active polypeptide, with less risk of inducing undesirable immune responses. Thus, the protein conjugate is useful for developing long-acting formulations of various polypeptide drugs.

Abstract: Provided is a complex composition, of which positional isomers are minimized by using a N-terminus of an immunoglobulin Fc region as a binding site when the immunoglobulin Fc region is used as a carrier. Also provided are a protein complex which is prepared by N-terminal-specific binding of immunoglobulin Fc region, thereby prolonging blood half-life of the physiologically active polypeptide, maintaining in vivo potency at a high level, and having no risk of immune responses, a preparation method thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition including the same for improving in vivo duration and stability of the physiologically active polypeptide. The protein complex prepared by the present invention may be usefully applied to the development of long-acting formulations of various physiologically active polypeptide drugs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of preparing insulin from proinsulin comprising converting high-concentration proinsulin into insulin by enzymatic cleavage, a method of purifying insulin, and insulin prepared therefrom.

Abstract: An insulin analog has a reduced insulin titer and a reduced insulin receptor binding affinity compared to the native form for the purpose of increasing the blood half-life of insulin. A conjugate is prepared by linking the insulin analog and a carrier. A long-acting formulation includes the conjugate.

Abstract: Disclosed are a protein conjugate with improved in vivo duration and stability and the use thereof. The protein conjugate includes a physiologically active polypeptide, a non-peptide polymer and an immunoglobulin Fc fragment. Since the three components are covalently linked, the protein conjugate has extended in vivo duration and enhanced stability for the physiologically active polypeptide. The protein conjugate maintains the in vivo activity at relatively high levels and remarkably increases the serum half-life for the physiologically active polypeptide, with less risk of inducing undesirable immune responses. Thus, the protein conjugate is useful for developing long-acting formulations of various polypeptide drugs.

Abstract: Disclosed are a composition for preventing or treating diabetes, disbesity or diabetic complications, containing an oxyntomodulin analog as an active ingredient and a method for treating diabetes, diabesity or diabetic complications, including administering a pharmaceutically effective amount of an oxyntomodulin analog to a subject. The oxyntomodulin analog shows a greater activity to activate a GLP-1 receptor and a glucagon receptor, than native oxyntomodulin. The oxyntomodulin analog induces an expansion of beta-cells and increases insulin secretion, thereby reducing blood glucose levels that were increased due to a high-calorie and high-fat diet. The oxyntomodulin analog induces decreases in a body weight and appetite to improve insulin sensitivity and is useful in maintaining normal blood glucose levels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid rocket engine using a booster pump driven by an electric motor, and more particularly, to a liquid rocket engine using a booster pump driven by an electric motor in which a booster pump is installed between a propellant tank and a propellant pump so that a requirement for an inlet pressure of the propellant pump may be met even in a state in which an internal pressure of the propellant tank is reduced, resulting in reduced amount of a propellant and reduced weight of the propellant tank, and the electric motor configured to drive the booster pump may be efficiently cooled through an oxidant, a cooling line, and the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid rocket engine using a pump driven by an electric motor, and more particularly, to a liquid rocket engine using a pump driven by an electric motor instead of using a gas generator and a turbine so that a system may be simplified, and an overheated electric motor may be efficiently cooled by circulating a propellant (an oxidant or a fuel).

Abstract: Provided are an insulin conjugate having improved insulin receptor binding affinity and increased activity, in which a non-peptidyl polymer and an immunoglobulin Fc region are site-specifically linked to an amino acid residue of the insulin beta chain excluding the N-terminus thereof via a covalent bond, a long-acting formulation including the same, and a preparation method thereof. The insulin conjugate of the present invention is used to provide an insulin formulation which exhibits a remarkably increased in vivo activity of the peptide.

Abstract: Provided is a method of preparing a physiologically active polypeptide conjugate, in which a physiologically active polypeptide and a non-peptidyl polymer are linked to each other via a covalent bond. The method is to improve an overall yield of the physiologically active polypeptide conjugate by improving a reaction of the non-peptidyl polymer and the physiologically active polypeptide, and particularly, the method is to prepare a physiologically active polypeptide conjugate in a high yield by performing a two-step reaction through selective precipitation. The preparation method of the present invention is used to produce a non-peptidyl polymer-physiologically active polypeptide conjugate and a physiologically active polypeptide-physiologically active carrier conjugate in a high yield, and therefore, the method may be used in the development of long-acting formulations of various peptide drugs which maintain in vivo activity at a relatively high level and have remarkably increased blood half-life.

Abstract: The present invention relates to insulin and/or an insulin analogue conjugate, and a use thereof, wherein the insulin and/or insulin analogue have improved in vivo durability and stability by linking the same with an Fe region of immunoglobulin. The insulin and/or an insulin analogue conjugate of the present invention show an in vivo activity similar to that of insulin. In addition, the insulin and/or insulin analogue conjugate of the present invention are long-acting formulations of insulin and/or the analogue thereof, in which serum half-life is remarkably increased, and therefore, the present invention provides remarkable insulin and/or an insulin analogue conjugate, which do not induce hypoglycemia, a drawback of insulin treatment.

Abstract: A method used by an electronic device receiving a geo-fence service, determines whether a current position of the electronic device, determined using a cellular positioning system (CPS), is located within a first distance from a central point of a geo-fence service area. In response to determining that the current position is located within the first distance, the current position is determined using a Wi-Fi positioning system (WPS) and it is further determined whether the WPS determined current position is located within a second distance from the central point of the geo-fence service area. In response to the determination the current position is located within the second distance, it is determined whether the current position calculated using a global positioning system (GPS), is located within a boundary of a geo-fence service area.

Abstract: A trim management method for a storage device includes activating, by a processor configured by an application program, a pattern check function of a device driver, requesting, by the processor configured by the application program, a file system to write a file of a specified pattern, converting, by the processor configured by the file system, the file to management unit data of the storage device, transmitting, by the processor configured by the file system, the management unit data to the device driver, checking, by the processor configured by the device driver, whether a data pattern of the management unit data is the same as the specified pattern, and transmitting, by the processor configured by the device driver, a trim command for trimming a storage area corresponding to the management unit data, to the storage device based on results of the checking.