Abstract: A feedstock delivery system transfers a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas generation system. The feedstock delivery system includes a splitter for splitting bulk carbonaceous material into a plurality of carbonaceous material streams. Each stream is processed using a weighing system for gauging the quantity of carbonaceous material, a densification system for forming plugs of carbonaceous material, a de-densification system for breaking up the plugs of carbonaceous material, and a gas and carbonaceous material mixing system for forming a carbonaceous material and gas mixture. A pressure of the mixing gas is reduced prior to mixing with the carbonaceous material, and the carbonaceous material to gas weight ratio is monitored. A transport assembly conveys the carbonaceous material and gas mixture to a first reactor where at least the carbonaceous material within the mixture is subject to thermochemical reactions to form the product gas.

Abstract: Cannabinoid candy foodstuff compositions are described comprising a binding agent, and an emulsifier, wherein the composition includes a cannabinoid microemulsion and/or a cannabinoid nanoemulsion to enhance bioavailability of said cannabinoid when introduced into a human and/or an animal to have an active effect. The composition includes a biosynthetic cannabinoid derived from a genetically modified microorganism or a non-biosynthetic cannabinoid derived from cannabis plants, and may include an acid, an extrudate, a sugar coating, an insect lipid, a flavoring, a terpene, a medium chain triglyceride, glycerin, a microorganism, a sweetener, an oil, a drug such as psilocybin or MDMA, melatonin, a fiber-starch material, a density improving textural supplement, or a moisture improving textural supplement.

Abstract: A multi-stage product gas generation system converts a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas which may subsequently be converted into a liquid fuel or other material. One or more reactors containing bed material may be used to conduct reactions to effect the conversions. Unreacted inert feedstock contaminants present in the carbonaceous material may be separated from bed material using a portion of the product gas. A heat transfer medium collecting heat from a reaction in one stage may be applied as a reactant input in another, earlier stage.

Abstract: A system and method for processing unconditioned syngas first removes solids and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC), then removes volatile organic compounds (VOC), and then removes at least one sulfur containing compound from the syngas. Additional processing may be performed depending on such factors as the source of syngas being processed, the products, byproducts and intermediate products desired to be formed, captured or recycled and environmental considerations.

Abstract: A two-stage syngas production method to produce a final product gas from a carbonaceous material includes producing a first product gas in a first reactor, separating char from the first product gas to produce separated char and char-depleted product gas, and separately reacting the separated char and the char-depleted product gas with an oxygen-containing gas in a second reactor to produce a final product gas. The separated char is introduced into the second reactor above the char-depleted product gas. The solids separation device may include serially connected cyclones, and the separated char may be entrained in a motive fluid in an eductor to produce a char and motive fluid mixture prior to being transferred to the second reactor. A biorefinery method produces a purified product from the final product gas.

Abstract: Dehydrated tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) candy foodstuff compositions are described, wherein the composition includes water, THC, and/or insects, a binding agent, an acid, or an oil. The composition includes flavorings, enhancers, lipids, emulsifiers, surfactants, esters, and various other ingredients, and may include various types of treated water.

Abstract: A multi-stage product gas generation system converts a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas which may subsequently be converted into a liquid fuel or other material. One or more reactors containing bed material may be used to conduct reactions to effect the conversions. Unreacted inert feedstock contaminants present in the carbonaceous material may be separated from bed material using a portion of the product gas. A heat transfer medium collecting heat from a reaction in one stage may be applied as a reactant input in another, earlier stage.

Abstract: A solids discharge system (SDS) is configured to separate solids from product gas. The system includes a solids separation device and at least one solids transfer conduit configured to receive solids from the solids separation device. The solids transfer conduit is selectively partitioned into a plurality of compartments (or “sections”) along its length by isolation valves. A gas supply conduit and a gas discharge conduits are connected to one of the sections to facilitate removal of solids. A filter in fluid communication with that section is configured to prevent solids from passing through the gas discharge conduit so that the solids can be removed from one of the sections of the solids transfer conduit. A product gas generation system incorporates first and second reactors, the latter of which receives products created by the second reactor.

Abstract: Methods to grow cannabis plants within an interior of an enclosure are described, the method comprises condensing water vapor from the interior of the enclosure to produce a source of liquid water and supplying the liquid water to the cannabis plants. The source of liquid water may be supplied to a common reservoir and then transferred to the cannabis plants. The common reservoir includes fish, a microorganism, or treated water. Water drained from the cannabis plants may be recycled back to the common reservoir. The water may be filtered or oxygenated and mixed with a pH adjustment solution, a macro-nutrient, a micro-nutrient, a carbohydrate, an enzyme, or a vitamin. Solar panels may be used to provide electricity for electrically powered lights that illuminate the cannabis plants. The cannabis plants may be grown within a growing medium, harvested, trimmed, ground, heated, and made into multifunctional compositions or foodstuffs.

Abstract: An animal food composition comprising cannabis and two or more ingredients selected from the group consisting of insects, a fiber-starch material, a binding agent, a density improving textural supplement, and a moisture improving textural supplement is described. The animal food composition may include bacteria, fungi, water, fermentation waste, spent microorganisms, an alcohol production coproduct, scales of fish, soft tissues of fish, radulae of mollusks, taurine, a fatty acid, or meat. The composition includes inflammation reduction properties, cannabis volatile feedstock components and wherein the cannabis includes powdered cannabis, ground cannabis, or dried cannabis.

Abstract: A system and method for processing unconditioned syngas first removes solids and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC), then removes volatile organic compounds (VOC), and then removes at least one sulfur containing compound from the syngas. Additional processing may be performed depending on such factors as the source of syngas being processed, the products, byproducts and intermediate products desired to be formed, captured or recycled and environmental considerations.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the field of commercial scale production and processing of biosynthetic cannabinoids produced by growing genetically modified microalgae in a photo-bioreactor to a produce biosynthetic cannabinoids, separating a liquid nutrient medium from the genetically modified microalgae, and extracting the biosynthetic cannabinoids to produce an extracted biosynthetic cannabinoid, then distilling the extracted biosynthetic cannabinoid to produce the biosynthetic cannabinoid distillate. Biosynthetic cannabinoid distillates may be used foodstuffs, beverages, nanoemulsions, spray-dried water-soluble powders, cosmetics, or topicals.

Abstract: Cooked and shaped food compositions comprising insects are described. The composition is cooked an oven, a fryer, a dryer, a dehydrator, or a freeze dryer. The composition comprises a mixture comprising water, insects, and two or more ingredients selected from the group consisting of tetrahydrocannabinol, a fiber-starch material, a binding agent, a density improving textural supplement, a moisture improving textural supplement, and a biocatalyst. The composition also includes a foodstuff, an animal food, an enhancer, an extrudate, fish oil, fish, meat, an oil, a flavoring, or an acid. An energy bar foodstuff comprising insects and tetrahydrocannabinol is also described.

Abstract: A method of producing liquid fuel and/or chemicals from a carbonaceous material entails combusting a conditioned syngas in pulse combustion heat exchangers of a steam reformer to help convert carbonaceous material into first reactor product gas which includes carbon monoxide, hydrogen, carbon dioxide and other gases. A portion of the first reactor product gas is transferred to a hydrogen reformer into which additional conditioned syngas is added and a reaction carried out to produce an improved syngas. The improved syngas is then subject to one or more gas clean-up steps to form a new conditioned syngas. A portion of the new conditioned syngas is recycled to be used as the conditioned syngas in the pulse combustion heat exchangers and in the hydrocarbon reformer. A system for carrying out the method include, a steam reformer, a hydrocarbon reformer, first and second gas-cleanup systems, a synthesis system and an upgrading system.

Abstract: Methods to produce cannabis plants are described, the methods include growing the cannabis plants in a growing medium within an interior of an enclosure by providing a common reservoir including water, and transferring the water from the common reservoir to the cannabis plants within the interior of the enclosure, the water within the common reservoir includes, fish, treated water, evaporator condensate, and a microorganism. Methods to asexually clone, harvest, trim, grind, and heat the cannabis plants are also described.

Abstract: A vertically-integrated Cannabis-related product production method is described, the method comprises, producing a distilled cannabinoid and/or a crystallized cannabinoid from Cannabis plants, comprising: in a farming system, growing the Cannabis plants, the Cannabis plants comprise a cannabinoid; in an extraction system, extracting the cannabinoid from the Cannabis plants; in a purification system, purifying the cannabinoid to produce a purified cannabinoid; and in a distillation and/or a crystallization system, distilling and/or crystallizing the purified cannabinoid to produce the distilled cannabinoid and/or the crystallized cannabinoid. Various ways to purify, distill, and process the cannabinoids are described. An insect pest management system may be integrated with the farming system to grow the Cannabis plants in the presence of predatory mites which feed on insects and/or spider mites.

Abstract: Lipid-depleted insect compositions are described and include protein, chitin, bacteria, fungi, and various ranges of calcium, phosphorous, magnesium, potassium, ash, manganese, iron, zinc, water, bulk density, carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and protein, wherein the composition is derived from Orthoptera order of insects, or the composition is not derived from Orthoptera order of insects. Lipid extraction methods are described which include use of a use of a first immiscible liquid and a second immiscible liquid. Compositions including insect eggs, feedstocks, and breeding materials are described.

Abstract: A method to produce insect frass, water-depleted insects, lipid-depleted insects, and insect lipids is described. The method includes feeding a feedstock to insects to produce grown insects and insect frass, harvesting and removing water from the grown insects, and extracting lipids from the water-depleted insects to produce lipid-depleted insects and insect lipids. The method further comprises mixing the feedstock with water, a mineral enhancer, or a vitamin enhancer, followed by sifting the grown insects, contacting the grown insects with water, separating water from the insect lipids, and distilling, hydrogenating, esterifying, and saponifying the insect lipids. Methods for analyzing, tracking, and shipping the grown insects are described. Producing a multifunctional composition from the insects, and shaping, cooking, flavoring, and production of animal foods or an insect-burger patty is disclosed.

Abstract: A multi-stage product gas generation system converts a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas which may subsequently be converted into a liquid fuel or other material. One or more reactors containing bed material may be used to conduct reactions to effect the conversions. Unreacted inert feedstock contaminants present in the carbonaceous material may be separated from bed material using a portion of the product gas. A heat transfer medium collecting heat from a reaction in one stage may be applied as a reactant input in another, earlier stage.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the field of commercial scale production and processing of biosynthetic cannabinoids produced by growing genetically modified microalgae in a photo-bioreactor to a produce biosynthetic cannabinoids, separating a liquid nutrient medium from the genetically modified microalgae, and extracting the biosynthetic cannabinoids to produce an extracted biosynthetic cannabinoid, then distilling the extracted biosynthetic cannabinoid to produce the biosynthetic cannabinoid distillate. Biosynthetic cannabinoid distillates may be used foodstuffs, beverages, nanoemulsions, spray-dried water-soluble powders, cosmetics, or topicals.