Abstract: Mixtures or adducts of N-heterocyclic carbenes with metal amides or metal alkoxides are effective catalysts for the polymerization of macrocyclic polyester oligomers. The catalysts are stable at polymerization temperatures, and the polymerization is rapid, resulting in high monomer conversion, high molecular weight, and a mechanically sound material.

Abstract: Pigment compositions suitable for oil-based lithographic printing inks are provided which comprise besides an organic pigment, a hyperdispersant which is a poly-alkyleneiminepolyester adduct, a synergist agent which is a quaternary ammonium pigment derivative, a solvent which includes aliphatic/aromatic hydrocarbon distillates and vegetable oils, and optionally rosin or a modified rosin. The printing inks prepared from these pigment compositions show outstanding improvements in their rheological properties.

Abstract: Optical Projection System and Method for Photolithography. A lithographic immersion projection system and method for projecting an image at high resolution over a wide field of view. The projection system and method include a final lens which decreases the marginal ray angle of the optical path before light passes into the immersion liquid to impinge on the image plane.

Abstract: A rock classification system involves the use of a Ternary Diagram (TD) Model and a set of rules in a rule base. A computer, which stores a rock classification software which includes the rule base, will be responsive to certain data points from a Spectroscopy Sonde, will compare each data point with each of the rules in the rule base, and, when a match is found, will generate a specific rock classification for that data point. When a plurality of data points are input to the computer, a corresponding plurality of rock classifications are generated.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical device for the measurement of flow rates of fluid through a pipe. The device broadly comprises a narrow frequency light source, an optical delivery system, a collector for light scattered from particles in the fluid, and a photo detector. In a preferred embodiment, the optical delivery system and the collector are contained within the pipe.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical device for the measurement of flow rates of fluid through a pipe. The device broadly comprises a narrow frequency light source, an optical delivery system, a collector for light scattered from particles in the fluid, and a photo detector. In a preferred embodiment, the optical delivery system and the collector are contained within the pipe.

Abstract: The invention relates to motor vehicle heating device with a burner, to which combustion air is supplied via combustion air inlet openings by means of a fan and to which furthermore fuel gas is supplied via a fuel gas supply line, combustion air and fuel gas entering on the intake side of the fan. It is provided according to the invention for a simpler structure and good mixing of the fuel gas/combustion air mixture that entry of fuel gas is controlled by means of a valve or switch controlled by the negative pressure of the fan. Fuel gas is supplied in doing so, preferably, with a negative pressure which is less than atmospheric pressure. For especially simple control of gas supply, there is a membrane which causes the fuel gas supply line to close when the fan stops.

Abstract: Biaxially oriented film including a voided base layer consisting of a propylene homopolymer and a particulate voiding agent, and a non-voided outer layer of propylene homopolymer coextensive with the voided base layer, the particular voiding agent having a mean particle size of not more than 2 .mu.m. Such films have good opacity combined with good gloss for the surface of the non-voided outer layer of propylene homopolymer on the base layer.

Abstract: Biaxially oriented polymeric films consisting of a first layer of a propylene homopolymer having on one side thereof and coextensive therewith a second layer of a non-voided propylene homopolymer and on the other side thereof and coextensive therewith a third layer of a voided propylene homopolymer, the said second layer having a heat sealable layer thereon and coextensive therewith. Films of the invention have puncture resistance combined with good gloss.

Abstract: Biaxially oriented polymeric films consisting of a core layer of voided polypropylene with a layer of non-voided polypropylene homopolymer on one surface and a layer of a heat sealable polymer on the non-voided layer, the other surface of the core layer having at least one non-voided polymeric layer thereon. Such films have shown good puncture resistance combined with good gloss for the heat sealable polymer layer on the non-voided homopolymer layer.

Abstract: A broad band catadioptric optical reduction system using refractive elements made of different types of glass matched for color correction over a broad band width. A combination of fused silica and crown glass is used. An aspheric mirror is used for improved aberration correction. The optical system is adapted for use in lithography for semiconductor manufacturing in the I-line and is capable of 0.5 micron resolution at a wavelength of 365 nanometers.