Abstract: This invention pertains to nucleic acid fragments encoding plant proteins that are homologs to the cis-prenyltransferases UPP synthase from the bacterium Micrococcus luteus or Dedol-PP synthase from yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. More specifically, this invention pertains to cis-prenyltransferase homologs from wheat, grape, soybean, rice, African daisy, rubber tree latex and pot marigold.

Abstract: Methods for the fermentative production of four carbon alcohols is provided. Specifically, butanol, preferably isobutanol is produced by the fermentative growth of a recombinant bacterium expressing an isobutanol biosynthetic pathway.

Abstract: Bacteria that are not natural butanol producers were found to have increased tolerance to butanol when the membrane content of unsaturated trans fatty acids was increased. Feeding cells with unsaturated trans fatty acids increased their concentration in the membrane, which may also be accomplished by expressing a fatty acid cistrans isomerase.

Abstract: A group of bacterial dihydroxy-acid dehydratases having a [2Fe-2S] cluster was discovered. Bacterial [2Fe-2S] DHADs were expressed as heterologous proteins in bacteria and yeast cells, providing DHAD activity for conversion of 2,3-dihydroxyisovalerate to ?-ketoisovalerate or 2,3-dihydroxymethylvalerate to ?-ketomethylvalerate. Isobutanol and other compounds may be synthesized in pathways that include bacterial [2Fe-2S] DHAD activity.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for detecting compounds containing a free sulfhydryl group in a sample and a test device which is used to detect such compounds. The method and test device use a papain-based assay where the papain is initially complexed with a metal ion making it inactive. Sulfydryl compounds in a sample activate the papain. Enzymatic activity of papain on a papain substrate releases a dye producing a detectable signal. The test device may be used in detecting compounds containing a free sulfhydryl group in industrial, environmental, experimental and biological samples.

Abstract: Screening of fatty acid fed bacteria which are not natural butanol producers identified increased membrane cyclopropane fatty acid as providing improved butanol tolerance. Increasing expression of cyclopropane fatty acid synthase in the presence of the enzyme substrate that is either endogenous to the cell or fed to the cell, increased butanol tolerance. Bacterial strains with increased cyclopropane fatty acid synthase and having a butanol biosynthetic pathway are useful for production of butanol.

Abstract: A method for the production of 2-butanol by fermentation using a microbial production host is disclosed. The method employs a reduction in temperature during the fermentation process that results in a more robust tolerance of the production host to the butanol product.

Abstract: A method for the production of 2-butanone by fermentation using a microbial production host is disclosed. The method employs a reduction in temperature during the fermentation process that results in a more robust tolerance of the production host to the butanone product.

Abstract: A method for the production of isobutanol by fermentation using a microbial production host is disclosed. The method employs a reduction in temperature during the fermentation process that results in a more robust tolerance of the production host to the butanol product.

Abstract: A method for the production of 1-butanol by fermentation using a microbial production host is disclosed. The method employs a reduction in temperature during the fermentation process that results in a more robust tolerance of the production host to the butanol product.

Abstract: This invention pertains to nucleic acid fragments encoding plant proteins that are homologs to the cis-prenyltransferases UPP synthase from the bacterium Micrococcus luteus or Dedol-PP synthase from yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. More specifically, this invention pertains to cis-prenyltransferase homologs from wheat, grape, soybean, rice, African daisy, rubber tree latex and pot marigold.

Abstract: This invention pertains to nucleic acid fragments encoding plant proteins that are homologs to the cis-prenyltransferases UPP synthase from the bacterium Micrococcus luteus or Dedol-PP synthase from yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. More specifically, this invention pertains to cis-prenyltransferase homologs from wheat, grape, soybean, rice, African daisy, rubber tree latex and pot marigold.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods and materials to produce hydroquinone glucoside in genetically modified green plants and microorganisms.

Abstract: Methods for the fermentative production of four carbon alcohols is provided. Specifically, butanol, preferably isobutanol is produced by the fermentative growth of a recombinant bacterium expressing an isobutanol biosynthetic pathway.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods and materials to produce hydroquinone glucoside in genetically modified green plants and microorganisms.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods and materials to produce hydroquinone glucoside in genetically modified green plants and microorganisms.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods and materials to produce hydroquinone glucoside in genetically modified green plants and microorganisms.

Abstract: This invention pertains to nucleic acid fragments encoding plant proteins that are homologs to the cis-prenyltransferases UPP synthase from the bacterium Micrococcus luteus or Dedol-PP synthase from yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. More specifically, this invention pertains to cis-prenyltransferase homologs from wheat, grape, soybean, rice, African daisy, rubber tree latex and pot marigold.

Abstract: A gene has been isolated from Arabidopsis encoding sinapoylglucose:malate sinapoyltransferase (SMT). SMT is responsible for the substitution of a glucose moiety on aromatic acid glucosides with a malate moiety in plant vacuoles. The enzyme is useful for the production of small molecules for materials manufacture.

Abstract: This invention pertains to nucleic acid fragments encoding plant proteins that are homologs to the cis-prenyltransferases UPP synthase from the bacterium Micrococcus luteus or Dedol-PP synthase from yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. More specifically, this invention pertains to cis-prenyltransferase homologs from wheat, grape, soybean, rice, African daisy, rubber tree latex and pot marigold.