Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a multi-purpose isotropic hydroxylapatite/gelatine composite material, involving at least the following steps: a) providing a suspension of powdered hydroxylapatite in a liquid medium selected from the group comprising a C1-C10 alcohol, particularly ethanol, another dispersing agent that can be mixed with water, water, and mixtures thereof; b) adding an aqueous solution of gelatine, preferably at a concentration of 5 to 25 wt. % gelatine, to the suspension; c) agitating the mixture at a predefined temperature for a predefined period of time, preferably in the region of 1 to 10 hours, until the liquid medium has been fully or partially evaporated; and d) optionally drying the product obtained in step c). In a specific embodiment, the method is characterised in that the product obtained in step c) or d) is additionally infiltrated with at least one aliphatic polyether in an additional step e1).

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for applying solid layers (14) to an object (12) to be coated by means of at least one radiation source (2), in particular a laser radiation source, which comprises at least the step of removal of a sample (4) in the solid state in at least partially different sections (6) by means of at least one beam (8) emitted by the radiation source (2) to at least partly convert the sample (4) into a gaseous state (10) which deposits at least partially on the object (12) to be coated in order to form a solid layer (14), where at the same time the alignment of a trace of the emitted beam (8) is altered during the step of removal of the sample and the sample (4) is moved.

Abstract: A converter arrangement has at least one AC voltage connection, at which an alternating current can be fed in or drawn, and at least one DC voltage connection, at which a direct current can be fed in or drawn. The converter arrangement contains at least two series circuits connected in parallel. The external connections of the series circuits form the DC voltage connections of the converter arrangement. Each of the series circuits is connected in parallel and contains in each case at least two submodules connected in series, each of the submodules containing at least two switches and a capacitor. An energy store is to be connected to the capacitor of at least one of the submodules, wherein a filter is connected electrically between the capacitor and the energy store.

Abstract: A converter arrangement has at least one AC voltage connection, at which an alternating current can be fed in or drawn, and at least one DC voltage connection, at which a direct current can be fed in or drawn. The converter arrangement contains at least two series circuits connected in parallel. The external connections of the series circuits form the DC voltage connections of the converter arrangement. Each of the series circuits is connected in parallel and contains in each case at least two submodules connected in series, each of the submodules containing at least two switches and a capacitor. An energy store is to be connected to the capacitor of at least one of the submodules, wherein a filter is connected electrically between the capacitor and the energy store.

Abstract: A shifting device (11, 40) with a servo-assistance mechanism (10), in particular for a transmission (30) of a motor vehicle which comprises an assembly for selecting and engaging a gear of the transmission (30) and an element (20) upon which acts a manual shifting force to be assisted. The servo-assistance mechanism (10) can produce a performance characteristic curve which, as a function of the manual shifting force or a shift phase, has ranges with different gradients or proportions with respect to the manual shifting force. Elements (88, 90, 106, 108), upon which a servo-pressure acts, are present in the servo-assistance mechanism (10) for producing the characteristic. In the control system of the servo-assistance mechanism (10), path limitation units and at least one elastic element (84, 110) are provided, upstream from and/or in the servo-assistance mechanism (10), to limit the servo-assistance force in a path-dependent manner for each gate or gear.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for applying solid layers (14) to an object (12) to be coated by means of at least one radiation source (2), in particular a laser radiation source, which comprises at least the step of removal of a sample (4) in the solid state in at least partially different sections (6) by means of at least one beam (8) emitted by the radiation source (2) to at least partly convert the sample (4) into a gaseous state (10) which deposits at least partially on the object (12) to be coated in order to form a solid layer (14), where at the same time the alignment of a trace of the emitted beam (8) is altered during the step of removal of the sample and the sample (4) is moved.

Abstract: A servo-assistance device (10) for a shift mechanism of a motor vehicle transmission, with which a characteristic curve can be produced which, as a function of a manual shifting force or a shift phase, has ranges of different gradients or proportionality to the manual shifting force. The servo-assistance device (10) includes an element (20) which is acted upon by the manual shifting force to be assisted. To produce the characteristic curve, the servo-assistance device (10) has components (42, 44, 50, 52) that are actuated by a servo-pressure (60) in such manner that the element (20) maintains its current position.

Abstract: A transmission shift device for a transmission having a range group transmission and a shift lever with a superimposed H-shaped shift pattern in which a shift and selector shaft is operatively connected at one end with the shift lever and at the other end with a shift mechanism. A blocking device, which is actuated by, prevents or makes inadvertent transmission gear shifts in a range group detectable to the driver so that the shift and selector shaft is independently shiftable from a first shift gate to a shift gate of the next two lower gears. The transmission shift device prevents undesired incorrect gearshifts in a range group shift as well as making it possible to downshift across several gearsets by making the force of displacing the shift and selector shaft changeable over the regulated distance to the shift gear of the next lower gears.

Abstract: In a system for determining the position of a spacecraft based on vector determinations, a direction vector is measured in a body-fixed coordinate system; a reference direction vector is determined within a reference coordinate system based on the path position of the spacecraft and an orbit model; the overall spin vector of the spacecraft is determined within the body-fixed coordinate system; and a reference overall spin vector of the spacecraft is determined within a reference coordinate system by time propagation of known initial values of the overall spin of the spacecraft or by time tracking of a reference model. The position of the spacecraft is determined based on the four vectors.

Abstract: In a system for determining the position of a spacecraft based on vector determinations, a direction vector is measured in a body-fixed coordinate system; a reference direction vector is determined within a reference coordinate system based on the path position of the spacecraft and an orbit model; the overall spin vector of the spacecraft is determined within the body-fixed coordinate system; and a reference overall spin vector of the spacecraft is determined within a reference coordinate system by time propagation of known initial values of the overall spin of the spacecraft or by time tracking of a reference model. The position of the spacecraft is determined based on the four vectors.

Abstract: A contact bank, which can be terminated, or is terminated, at least one terminal module serving for signal communication and being adapted to allow telecommunications lines to be connected therewith, or at least one supplementary module, of a telecommunications distribution point, which is connected to a terminal module, whereby the contact bank further is mountable or mounted in the telecommunications distribution point, includes: (a) a plurality of tapping contacts directly and permanently electrically connected to the contacts of the module in the terminated condition of said contact bank; (b) a smaller number of outlet contacts than of tapping contacts; (c) a plurality of remote-controllable switches for selectively electrically connecting said outlet contacts to said tapping contacts; and (d) a control device for controlling the plurality of switches.

Abstract: In a method for determining the position of a spacecraft based on vector determinations, a direction vector is measured in a body-fixed coordinate system; a reference direction vector is determined within a reference coordinate system based on the path position of the spacecraft and an orbit model; the overall spin vector of the spacecraft is determined within the body-fixed coordinate system; and a reference overall spin vector of the spacecraft is determined within a reference coordinate system by time propagation of known initial values of the overall spin of the spacecraft or by time tracking of a reference model. The position of the spacecraft is determined based on the four vectors.

Abstract: A servo-assistance mechanism (10) comprises an element (20) upon which a manual shifting force to be assisted acts. The servo-assistance mechanism (10) further comprises at least one valve piston (40, 48), arranged on the element (20), and at least one device (58, 60), for limiting the servo-assistance force. The valve piston (40, 48) comprises a first valve piston (42, 50) and a second valve piston (44, 52), and the first valve piston (42, 50) co-operates with the device (58, 60) for limiting the servo-assistance force and is arranged and radially sealed inside the second valve piston (44, 52).

Abstract: A shifting device (11, 40) with a servo-assistance mechanism (10), in particular for a transmission (30) of a motor vehicle which comprises an assembly for selecting and engaging a gear of the transmission (30) and an element (20) upon which acts a manual shifting force to be assisted. The servo-assistance mechanism (10) can produce a performance characteristic curve which, as a function of the manual shifting force or a shift phase, has ranges with different gradients or proportions with respect to the manual shifting force. Elements (88, 90, 106, 108), upon which a servo-pressure acts, are present in the servo-assistance mechanism (10) for producing the characteristic. In the control system of the servo-assistance mechanism (10), path limitation units and at least one elastic element (84, 110) are provided, upstream from and/or in the servo-assistance mechanism (10), to limit the servo-assistance force in a path-dependent manner for each gate or gear.

Abstract: A servo-assistance device (10) for a shift mechanism of a motor vehicle transmission, with which a characteristic curve can be produced which, as a function of a manual shifting force or a shift phase, has ranges of different gradients or proportionality to the manual shifting force. The servo-assistance device (10) includes an element (20) which is acted upon by the manual shifting force to be assisted. To produce the characteristic curve, the servo-assistance device (10) has components (42, 44, 50, 52) that are actuated by a servo-pressure (60) in such manner that the element (20) maintains its current position.

Abstract: A gearshifting unit for a vehicle transmission (6) comprising a main transmission part (10) manually shifted by the vehicle driver using a gearshift lever (16) and one range change group transmission (14) shifted by valves (44, 46). The gearshifts are manually preselectable by the vehicle driver using a gearshift lever (16), the same as a power assistance device (74) for shifting the gear steps in the main transmission part (10) and one electronic control device (20) which actuates the valves (44, 46). In a method for reducing the power assistance, a neutral position is detected in the manually shifting main transmission part (10) and once the neutral position is determined, the gearshift begins in the range change group transmission part (14) and the power assistance is engaged with a delay.

Abstract: The invention relates to a transmission shift device (30) for a transmission (6) having one range group transmission (14) and one shift lever (16) with a superposed H-shaped shift pattern in which a shift and selector shaft (32) is operatively connected by one end (34) with the shift lever (16) and by the other end with a transmission-side shift means, one blocking device actuatable with pressure means which prevents or at least makes detectable for the driver of a motor vehicle the inadvertent activation of transmission gears in a range group change so that the shift and selector shaft (32) is autonomously displaceable from a shift gate (G5-G6) to the shift gate (G3-G4) of the next two lower gears (G3, G4).

Abstract: A contact bank, which can be terminated, or is terminated, at least one terminal module serving for signal communication and being adapted to allow telecommunications lines to be connected therewith, or at least one supplementary module, of a telecommunications distribution point, which is connected to a terminal module, whereby the contact bank further is mountable or mounted in the telecommunications distribution point, includes: (a) a plurality of tapping contacts directly and permanently electrically connected to the contacts of the module in the terminated condition of said contact bank; (b) a smaller number of outlet contacts than of tapping contacts; (c) a plurality of remote-controllable switches for selectively electrically connecting said outlet contacts to said tapping contacts; and (d) a control device for controlling the plurality of switches.

Abstract: Transparent coatings with a thickness of at least 30 ?m, a relative elastic resilience to DIN 55676 of at least 70%, and a scratch resistance corresponding to a score of not more than 2 in the steel wool scratch test to DIN 1041 after 10 double strokes; process for producing them, and their use.

Abstract: An electro-pneumatic switching unit for a vehicle transmission (6) comprising one splitter group transmission (12) pneumatically switched via valves (36, 38) and one range-change group transmission (14) pneumatically switched via valves (44, 46), the switchings of which are manually preselected by the vehicle driver on a gear lever (16), has one locking device (54, 56) for mechanically preventing the manual switching of inadmissible reduction ratios of the vehicle transmission (6), one device (30, 42, 64) for preventing the pneumatic switching of inadmissible reduction ratios and one electronic control device (20). The locking device (54, 56) for mechanically preventing the manual switching of inadmissible reduction ratios is pneumatically connected with one valve (44) for switching the range-change group transmission (14).