Abstract: A circuit board according to an embodiment includes an insulating layer including an upper surface and a lower surface, and having a via hole passing through the upper surface and the lower surface in a thickness direction from the upper surface to the lower surface, wherein the via hole includes: a first via part adjacent to the upper surface and having a constant inclination angle along the thickness direction; a second via part adjacent to the lower surface and having a constant inclination angle along the vertical direction; and a third via part disposed between the first via part and the second via part and having an inclination angle different from an inclination angle of the first via part and an inclination angle of the second via part.

Abstract: An Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) effective flow diagnosis method includes: measuring an EGR gas temperature by an EGR gas temperature sensor under an EGR gas temperature rise condition of an EGR system on an intake line; determining the degree of the EGR gas temperature rise; and determining whether an EGR effective flow is excessive or insufficient according to the degree of the EGR gas temperature rise.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for determining whether a power generation system is abnormal. More specifically, the device may comprise: a communication unit for receiving power generation data from at least one power generation system; a storage unit for storing the received data; and a processor for selecting, from the collected data, power generation systems in a similar region, and determining whether a specific power generation system is abnormal by comparing the power generation times and power generation amounts of the power generation systems in the similar region.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vehicular LED lamp for freezing prevention using transparent conductive oxide (ITO). The vehicular LED lamp includes: a housing made of a heat dissipation material, and opened at a front side thereof, the housing including an outer shell formed to protect internal constituent elements; a headlamp LED PCB unit including one or more LEDs configured to drive a headlamp to identify the position of a vehicle; and an ITO conductive heating member deposited on the inner surface of a head lens of the LED lamp, which is coupled to the housing, the head lens being formed by depositing a diffusion preventing layer on a substrate thereof, and depositing an ITO thin film on the diffusion preventing layer, followed by thermal treatment and crystallization, thereby improving the light-outputting efficiency of an LED chip and reducing the energy consumption of the LED lamp.

Abstract: A heart pacemaker according to the present invention includes a generator configured to generate nonlinear electrical energy using a friction element and an energy harvester configured to sequentially store the generated nonlinear electrical energy in multi-stage multiple energy storages and supply the electrical energy stored in the multiple energy storages.

Abstract: An Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) effective flow diagnosis method includes: measuring an EGR gas temperature by an EGR gas temperature sensor under an EGR gas temperature rise condition of an EGR system on an intake line; determining the degree of the EGR gas temperature rise; and determining whether an EGR effective flow is excessive or insufficient according to the degree of the EGR gas temperature rise.

Abstract: Provided is an LED lamp for prevention of freezing, comprising: a housing opened at a front side thereof; an LED unit disposed inside the housing; a lens mounted at the opened front side of the housing and configured to allow lighting light emitted from the LED unit to transmit therethrough; a heating member disposed at the rear side of the lens and configured to generate heat by being supplied with power; a sensor unit disposed at the inside of the housing and configured to sense the internal temperature of the housing; and a control unit configured to control the power supplied to the heating member depending on the internal temperature of the housing, sensed by the sensor unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) module for a smart band capable of a biometric signal measurement, the FPCB module comprising: a micro battery for supplying power; biometric signal detection sensors for detecting at least each of skin humidity, a body temperature, and a pulse signal; a motion detection sensor for detecting a dynamic motion signal; a signal processing unit configured to amplify and digitally convert signals detected by each of the sensors to output the signals as sensor detection signals; and a wireless communication unit configured to process and transmit the digitally converted sensor detection signals according to a wireless communication standard, wherein the micro battery, the biometric signal detection sensors, the motion detection sensor, the signal processing unit, and the wireless communication unit are mounted on a flexible printed circuit board and are interconnected through electrical wiring.

Abstract: A heart pacemaker according to the present invention includes a generator configured to generate nonlinear electrical energy using a friction element and an energy harvester configured to sequentially store the generated nonlinear electrical energy in multi-stage multiple energy storages and supply the electrical energy stored in the multiple energy storages.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vehicular LED lamp for freezing prevention using transparent conductive oxide (ITO). The vehicular LED lamp includes: a housing made of a heat dissipation material, and opened at a front side thereof, the housing including an outer shell formed to protect internal constituent elements; a headlamp LED PCB unit including one or more LEDs configured to drive a headlamp to identify the position of a vehicle; and an ITO conductive heating member deposited on the inner surface of a head lens of the LED lamp, which is coupled to the housing, the head lens being formed by depositing a diffusion preventing layer on a substrate thereof, and depositing an ITO thin film on the diffusion preventing layer, followed by thermal treatment and crystallization, thereby improving the light-outputting efficiency of an LED chip and reducing the energy consumption of the LED lamp.

Abstract: Provided is an LED lamp for prevention of freezing, comprising: a housing opened at a front side thereof; an LED unit disposed inside the housing; a lens mounted at the opened front side of the housing and configured to allow lighting light emitted from the LED unit to transmit therethrough; a heating member disposed at the rear side of the lens and configured to generate heat by being supplied with power; a sensor unit disposed at the inside of the housing and configured to sense the internal temperature of the housing; and a control unit configured to control the power supplied to the heating member depending on the internal temperature of the housing, sensed by the sensor unit.

Abstract: A refrigerator includes a main body including a storage chamber therein; a door on the main body configured to open or close the storage chamber; and an evaporator on one side of the storage chamber, configured to cool air and/or exchange heat between the air and a refrigerant flowing in the evaporator. The evaporator includes a plurality of cooling fins at predetermined intervals, comprising a plurality of rows; a refrigerant tube providing a path through which the refrigerant flows and being configured to exchange heat with the cooling fins; and a supporting part on at least one side of the plurality of rows of the cooling fins, perpendicular to the ground or other horizontal plane. At least two of the rows of cooling fins include a first cooling fin parallel to the supporting part; a second cooling fin inclined in one direction with respect to the first cooling fin; and a third cooling fin inclined in another direction with respect to the first cooling fin.

Abstract: A refrigerator includes a main body having one or more storage spaces; one or more doors configured to open and close at least one of the one or more storage spaces; a plurality of shelves in the one or more storage spaces; one or more wine shelves in the one or more storage spaces, configured to hold and/or store wine or a beverage; a cool air supply device configured to supply cool air and/or maintain at least one of the one or more storage spaces at a predetermined temperature; and a duct including a first cool air discharge port fixed to a rear face of the one or more storage spaces to receive the cool air from the cool air supply device and discharge the cool air. At least one of the one or more wine shelves includes a body having a size (e.g.

Abstract: A refrigerator includes a main body having one or more storage spaces; one or more doors, each configured to open and close at least one of the storage space(s); one or more shelves in the storage space(s), configured to store or support food and having a plate or substantially planar form and a predetermined thickness; a cool air supply device configured to supply cool air and/or to maintain the storage space(s) at a predetermined temperature; and a multi-duct including a first cool air discharge port configured to receive the cool air from the cool air supply device, provide the cool air to the storage space(s), and/or discharge the cool air. The shelf includes a body including a flow path therein through which the cool air may flow.

Abstract: A refrigerator includes a main body having one or more storage spaces and a support device configured to rotatably support the main body. The main body includes one or more storage spaces, a front face, and one or more doors configured to open and close at least one of the storage space(s). The support device includes a support body; a rotatable, upwardly extending shaft at or in a center of the support body and in a coupling hole, cavity or opening in the main body; a plurality of balls on and/or in the support body, configured to support the main body; and a coupling pin configured to move in a vertical direction and to fix a direction of the front face of the main body. The main body includes a plurality of latching holes, cavities or openings outside the coupling hole, cavity or opening, configured to receive the coupling pin such that the coupling pin limits rotation of the main body when the coupling pin is in one of the latching holes, cavities or openings.

Abstract: A measurement method and apparatus for correcting a disturbance and an offset of a sensor simultaneously are described. The method includes applying a bias current to first and second sensors of a Wheatstone bridge type connected with each other as a differential structure, and measuring a voltage of the first sensor and a voltage of the second sensor. The method also includes applying a bias current to the first and second sensors in a direction opposite to the direction in the first applying, and measuring a voltage of the first sensor and a voltage of the second sensor. The method further includes calculating a final measurement value based on the measured voltages. Accordingly, the offset and the influence of the disturbance of the sensor can be simultaneously removed through one circuit, such that advantageous effects such as reduced complexity, reduced area/volume, and shortened correction time can be achieved.

Abstract: A method of removing impurities from EGR by air blowing may include performing an air-blowing mode in which, when a current intake system pressure detected by a controller exceeds a target intake system pressure in an intake system, in which a mixture is supplied to an engine, a portion of the mixture, serving as compressed air, flows into an EGR path, through which a portion of exhaust, serving as EGR gas and flowing in the intake system and an exhaust system connected to the intake system, is supplied to the engine.

Abstract: An acceleration control method through throttle dualization may include detecting a signal of an accelerator pedal scope (APS) by pressing of an accelerator pedal while a vehicle travels determines, by an electronic controller, whether the APS is rapidly changed, performing a first throttle response mode in which acceleration control is performed using a current intake manifold pressure when the APS is not determined to be rapidly changed, and performing a second throttle response mode in which acceleration control is performed using a target intake manifold pressure when the APS is determined to be rapidly changed.

Abstract: An acceleration control method through throttle dualization may include detecting a signal of an accelerator pedal scope (APS) by pressing of an accelerator pedal while a vehicle travels determines, by an electronic controller, whether the APS is rapidly changed, performing a first throttle response mode in which acceleration control is performed using a current intake manifold pressure when the APS is not determined to be rapidly changed, and performing a second throttle response mode in which acceleration control is performed using a target intake manifold pressure when the APS is determined to be rapidly changed.

Abstract: The printed circuit board, according to one embodiment, comprises: an insulation substrate; a pad formed on at least one side of the insulation substrate; a protection layer which is formed on the insulation substrate and exposes an upper surface of the pad; and a bump formed on the pad exposed by the protection layer, wherein the bump comprises a plurality of solder layers having melting points different from each other.