Abstract: A method of operating a radiation apparatus is described. The method includes selecting at least a first angle and a second angle from a set of angles for a first rotation of a gantry of a radiation apparatus. The method also includes generating, using an imaging device mounted to the gantry, a first tracking image of a target from the first angle during the first rotation of the gantry. The method further includes generating, using the imaging device, a second tracking image of the target from the second angle during the first rotation of the gantry.

Abstract: A radiotherapy delivery device is provided. The device includes a source of therapeutic radiation and a first detector positioned to receive radiation from the source of therapeutic radiation. The device also includes a source of imaging radiation and a second detector positioned to receive radiation from the source of imaging radiation. A collimator assembly is positioned relative to the second source of radiation to selectively control a shape of a radiation beam emitted by the second radiation source to selectively expose part or the whole of the second radiation detector. A reconstruction processor can be operatively coupled to the detector and configured to generate patient images based on radiation received by the second detector from the second source of radiation. The device is configured to move from one imaging geometry to another using all or part of the second detector.

Abstract: A method is described including online selecting of at least one of a plurality of optimal imaging times or a plurality of imaging angles and optimizing a parameter of an imaging system based on the online selecting.

Abstract: A processing device determines a plurality of angles from which tracking images can be generated by an imaging device. The processing device generates a plurality of projections of a treatment planning image of a patient, the treatment planning image comprising a delineated target, wherein each projection of the plurality of projections has an angle that corresponds to one of the plurality of angles from which the tracking images can be taken. The processing device determines, for each angle of the plurality of angles, a value of a tracking quality metric for tracking the target based on an analysis of a projection generated at that angle. The processing device selects a subset of the plurality of angles that have a tracking quality metric value that satisfies a tracking quality metric criterion.

Abstract: A method of operating a radiation apparatus is described that selects at least a first angle and a second angle from the set of angles for a first rotation of the gantry. The method generates, using an imaging device mounted to the gantry, a first tracking image of the target from the first angle during the first rotation of the gantry. The method generates, using the imaging device, a second tracking image of the target from the second angle during the first rotation of the gantry. The method performs targeting tracking based on the first tracking image and the second tracking image.

Abstract: An image of a region of interest (ROI) is identified from a first perspective, the image having an uncertainty value associated with the ROI. A model is generated comprising one or more parameters associated with the ROI based on the image. A plurality of tracking quality metrics for a plurality of perspectives that a subsequent image may be captured from by an imaging system of the ROI are determined using the model, the tracking quality metrics indicating a reduction of the uncertainty value associated with the ROI by the subsequent image. A second perspective of the plurality of perspectives for the subsequent image is selected based on a corresponding tracking quality metric of the plurality of tracking quality metrics for the second perspective indicating a reduction of the uncertainty value.

Abstract: An image of a region of interest (ROI) is identified from a first perspective, the image having an uncertainty value associated with the ROI. A model is generated comprising one or more parameters associated with the ROI based on the image. A plurality of tracking quality metrics for a plurality of perspectives that a subsequent image may be captured from by an imaging system of the ROI are determined using the model, the tracking quality metrics indicating a reduction of the uncertainty value associated with the ROI by the subsequent image. A second perspective of the plurality of perspectives for the subsequent image is selected based on a corresponding tracking quality metric of the plurality of tracking quality metrics for the second perspective indicating a reduction of the uncertainty value.

Abstract: A method includes detecting a potential setup error in a radiation treatment delivery session of a radiation treatment delivery system, wherein the setup error corresponds to a change in a current position of a treatment target relative to a prior position of the treatment target, and wherein the change includes a rotation relative to the prior position of the treatment target. The method further includes modifying, by a processing device, one or more planned leaf positions of a multileaf collimator (MLC) of a linear accelerator (LINAC) of the radiation treatment delivery system to compensate for the potential setup error corresponding to the rotation of the prior position of the treatment target.

Abstract: A multimodal imaging apparatus, comprising a rotatable gantry system positioned at least partially around a patient support, a first source of radiation coupled to the rotatable gantry system, the first source of radiation configured for imaging radiation, a second source of radiation coupled to the rotatable gantry system, the second source of radiation configured for at least one of imaging radiation or therapeutic radiation, wherein the second source of radiation has an energy level more than the first source of radiation, and a second radiation detector coupled to the rotatable gantry system and positioned to receive radiation from the second source of radiation, and a processor configured to combine first measured projection data based on the radiation detected by the first detector with second measured projection data based on the radiation detected by the second detector, and reconstruct an image based on the combined data, wherein the reconstructing comprises at least one of correcting the second meas

Abstract: A radiation delivery system includes a radiation source to generate a radiation beam to deliver to a target and a multi-leaf collimator (MLC) operatively coupled to the radiation source, wherein the MLC is offset to shift the MLC in a direction relative to a line from the radiation source to a point of interest to cause projections of the radiation beam to be shifted based on the offset.

Abstract: Multimodal imaging apparatus and methods include a rotatable gantry system with multiple sources of radiation comprising different energy levels (for example, kV and MV). Fast slip-ring technology and helical scans allow data from multiple sources of radiation to be combined or utilized to generate improved images and workflows, including for IGRT. Features include increasing the precision of spatial registrations between respective image sets to allow more precise radiation treatment delivery, reducing image artifacts (e.g., scatter, metal and beam hardening, image blur, motion, etc.), and utilization of dual energy imaging (e.g., for material separation and quantitative imaging, patient setup, online adaptive IGRT, etc.).

Abstract: A method includes detecting a potential setup error in a radiation treatment delivery session of a radiation treatment delivery system, wherein the setup error corresponds to a change in a current position of a treatment target relative to a prior position of the treatment target, and wherein the change includes a rotation relative to the prior position of the treatment target. The method further includes modifying, by a processing device, one or more planned leaf positions of a multileaf collimator (MLC) of a linear accelerator (LINAC) of the radiation treatment delivery system to compensate for the potential setup error corresponding to the rotation of the prior position of the treatment target.

Abstract: A radiation treatment delivery system, includes a linear accelerator (LINAC) and a multileaf collimator (MLC), coupled with the distal end of the LINAC, wherein the MLC has two banks of leaves, organized into a plurality of opposing leaf pairs. The system further includes a processing device, operatively coupled to the LINAC and the MLC, to control the plurality of leaf pairs of the MLC such that for each of a plurality of radiation beam delivery positional sections corresponds to a range of radiation beam positions over a discrete time interval that constrains an overall treatment time and wherein each leaf pair of the plurality of opposing leaf pairs is open to a fixed opening for a fraction of time in the discrete time interval and closed for the remaining fraction of time in the discrete time interval, while a radiation beam of the radiation treatment system is active.

Abstract: A method comprises inputting a treatment planning image of a target subject into a machine learning system. The method further comprises determining, by the machine learning system, a first target-subject-specific model of the treatment planning image. The method further comprises applying, by a processing device, the first target-subject-specific model to the treatment planning image to generate a transformed treatment planning image corresponding to a first position of a plurality of positions of the target subject. The method further comprises comparing the transformed treatment planning image to a reference image. The method further comprises, based on the comparing, modifying one or more parameters of the first target-subject-specific model to generate a second target-subject-specific model corresponding to a second position of the plurality of positions.

Abstract: A method comprises identifying a treatment planning image of a target subject, the treatment planning image comprising information associated with an arrangement of structures within the target subject. The method further comprises generating, based on the information, a set of reference data associated with the target subject, the reference data indicating a plurality of positions of the target subject. The method further comprises generating target-subject-specific models based on the reference data and modifying one or more hyper-parameters of the target-subject-specific mode to generate second target-subject-specific models corresponding to a second position of the plurality of positions. The method further comprises controlling a radiation treatment delivery device based on the second target-subject-specific model to deliver a radiation treatment to the target subject.

Abstract: A method of operating a radiation apparatus is described that selects at least a first angle and a second angle from the set of angles for a first rotation of the gantry. The method generates, using an imaging device mounted to the gantry, a first tracking image of the target from the first angle during the first rotation of the gantry. The method generates, using the imaging device, a second tracking image of the target from the second angle during the first rotation of the gantry. The method performs targeting tracking based on the first tracking image and the second tracking image.

Abstract: A radiation delivery system and method of operation are described. The method includes modulating a sub-beam intensity of a radiation beam generated by a radiation source across a plurality of sub-beams that subdivide a fluence field into a two-dimensional (2D) grid, and delivering a plurality of independent two-dimensional (2D) sub-beam intensity patterns from a plurality of angles while the radiation source is moved continuously.

Abstract: A reference image of a patient may be generated. A subsequent x-ray image of the patient may be generated after the generating of the reference image where the subsequent x-ray image is associated with a low dosage. A difference between the reference image and the subsequent x-ray image that is associated with the low dosage may be determined. A motion of the patient may be identified as having occurred based on the determined difference.

Abstract: A radiation therapy apparatus determines a set of angles that have a tracking quality metric value that satisfies a tracking quality metric criterion. During an alignment phase or a treatment phase for a treatment stage of a target by the radiation therapy apparatus, the radiation therapy apparatus performs selects at least a first angle and a second angle from the set of angles for a first rotation of the gantry. The radiation therapy apparatus generates, using an imaging device mounted to the gantry, a first tracking image of the target from the first angle during the first rotation of the gantry. The radiation therapy apparatus generates, using the imaging device, a second tracking image of the target from the second angle during the first rotation of the gantry. The radiation therapy apparatus performs the target tracking based on the first tracking image and the second tracking image.

Abstract: A radiation treatment delivery system, includes a linear accelerator (LINAC) and a multileaf collimator (MLC), coupled with the distal end of the LINAC, wherein the MLC has two banks of leaves, organized into a plurality of opposing leaf pairs. The system further includes a processing device, operatively coupled to the LINAC and the MLC, to control the plurality of leaf pairs of the MLC such that for each of a plurality of radiation beam delivery positional sections corresponds to a range of radiation beam positions over a discrete time interval, wherein each leaf pair of the plurality of opposing leaf pairs is open to a fixed opening for a fraction of time in the discrete time interval and closed for the remaining fraction of time in the discrete time interval, while a radiation beam of the radiation treatment system is active.