Abstract: A system for delivering radiation dose, includes a gantry to move about a target to be irradiated and a radiation source mounted to the gantry and directed inward toward the target, The system further includes a collimator mounted to the gantry and in front of the radiation source, the collimator to shape a radiation beam directed at the target, wherein the collimator is to modulate a sub-beam intensity of the radiation beam across a plurality of sub-beams that subdivide a fluence field into a two-dimensional (2D) grid, and wherein a plurality of independent two-dimensional (2D) sub-beam intensity patterns are delivered from a plurality of gantry angles while the gantry moves continuously.

Abstract: A radiation treatment delivery system, includes a linear accelerator (LINAC) and a multileaf collimator (MLC), coupled with the distal end of the LINAC, wherein the MLC has two banks of leaves, organized into a plurality of opposing leaf pairs. The system further includes a processing device, operatively coupled to the LINAC and the MLC, to control the plurality of leaf pairs of the MLC such that for each of a plurality of radiation beam delivery positional sections corresponds to a range of radiation beam positions over a discrete time interval that constrains an overall treatment time and wherein each leaf pair of the plurality of opposing leaf pairs is open to a fixed opening for a fraction of time in the discrete time interval and closed for the remaining fraction of time in the discrete time interval, while a radiation beam of the radiation treatment system is active.

Abstract: A radiotherapy delivery device is provided. The device includes a source of therapeutic radiation and a first detector positioned to receive radiation from the source of therapeutic radiation. The device also includes a source of imaging radiation and a second detector positioned to receive radiation from the source of imaging radiation. A collimator assembly is positioned relative to the second source of radiation to selectively control a shape of a radiation beam emitted by the second radiation source to selectively expose part or the whole of the second radiation detector. A reconstruction processor can be operatively coupled to the detector and configured to generate patient images based on radiation received by the second detector from the second source of radiation. The device is configured to move from one imaging geometry to another using all or part of the second detector.

Abstract: Multimodal imaging apparatus and methods include a rotatable gantry system with multiple sources of radiation comprising different energy levels (for example, kV and MV). Fast slip-ring technology and helical scans allow data from multiple sources of radiation to be combined or utilized to generate improved images and workflows, including for IGRT. Features include increasing the precision of spatial registrations between respective image sets to allow more precise radiation treatment delivery, reducing image artifacts (e.g., scatter, metal and beam hardening, image blur, motion, etc.), and utilization of dual energy imaging (e.g., for material separation and quantitative imaging, patient setup, online adaptive IGRT, etc.).

Abstract: A processing device determines a plurality of angles from which tracking images can be generated by an imaging device. The processing device generates a plurality of projections of a treatment planning image of a patient, the treatment planning image comprising a delineated target, wherein each projection of the plurality of projections has an angle that corresponds to one of the plurality of angles from which the tracking images can be taken. The processing device determines, for each angle of the plurality of angles, a value of a tracking quality metric for tracking the target based on an analysis of a projection generated at that angle. The processing device selects a subset of the plurality of angles that have a tracking quality metric value that satisfies a tracking quality metric criterion.

Abstract: A radiation therapy apparatus determines a set of angles that have a tracking quality metric value that satisfies a tracking quality metric criterion. During an alignment phase or a treatment phase for a treatment stage of a target by the radiation therapy apparatus, the radiation therapy apparatus performs selects at least a first angle and a second angle from the set of angles for a first rotation of the gantry. The radiation therapy apparatus generates, using an imaging device mounted to the gantry, a first tracking image of the target from the first angle during the first rotation of the gantry. The radiation therapy apparatus generates, using the imaging device, a second tracking image of the target from the second angle during the first rotation of the gantry. The radiation therapy apparatus performs the target tracking based on the first tracking image and the second tracking image.

Abstract: A radiation treatment delivery system, includes a linear accelerator (LINAC) and a multileaf collimator (MLC), coupled with the distal end of the LINAC, wherein the MLC has two banks of leaves, organized into a plurality of opposing leaf pairs. The system further includes a processing device, operatively coupled to the LINAC and the MLC, to control the plurality of leaf pairs of the MLC such that for each of a plurality of radiation beam delivery positional sections corresponds to a range of radiation beam positions over a discrete time interval, wherein each leaf pair of the plurality of opposing leaf pairs is open to a fixed opening for a fraction of time in the discrete time interval and closed for the remaining fraction of time in the discrete time interval, while a radiation beam of the radiation treatment system is active.

Abstract: A system for delivering radiation dose, includes a gantry to move about a target to be irradiated and a radiation source mounted to the gantry and directed inward toward the target, The system further includes a collimator mounted to the gantry and in front of the radiation source, the collimator to shape a radiation beam directed at the target, wherein the collimator is to modulate a sub-beam intensity of the radiation beam across a plurality of sub-beams that subdivide a fluence field into a two-dimensional (2D) grid, and wherein a plurality of independent two-dimensional (2D) sub-beam intensity patterns are delivered from a plurality of gantry angles while the gantry moves continuously.

Abstract: A processing device determines a plurality of angles from which tracking images can be generated by an imaging device. The processing device generates a plurality of projections of a treatment planning image of a patient, the treatment planning image comprising a delineated target, wherein each projection of the plurality of projections has an angle that corresponds to one of the plurality of angles from which the tracking images can be taken. The processing device determines, for each angle of the plurality of angles, a value of a tracking quality metric for tracking the target based on an analysis of a projection generated at that angle. The processing device selects a subset of the plurality of angles that have a tracking quality metric value that satisfies a tracking quality metric criterion.

Abstract: A method includes detecting a potential setup error in a radiation treatment delivery session of a radiation treatment delivery system, wherein the setup error corresponds to a change in a current position of a treatment target relative to a prior position of the treatment target, and wherein the change includes a rotation relative to the prior position of the treatment target. The method further includes modifying, by a processing device, one or more planned leaf positions of a multileaf collimator (MLC) of a linear accelerator (LINAC) of the radiation treatment delivery system to compensate for the potential setup error corresponding to the rotation of the prior position of the treatment target.

Abstract: A radiation therapy apparatus determines a set of angles that have a tracking quality metric value that satisfies a tracking quality metric criterion. During an alignment phase or a treatment phase for a treatment stage of a target by the radiation therapy apparatus, the radiation therapy apparatus performs selects at least a first angle and a second angle from the set of angles for a first rotation of the gantry. The radiation therapy apparatus generates, using an imaging device mounted to the gantry, a first tracking image of the target from the first angle during the first rotation of the gantry. The radiation therapy apparatus generates, using the imaging device, a second tracking image of the target from the second angle during the first rotation of the gantry. The radiation therapy apparatus performs the target tracking based on the first tracking image and the second tracking image.

Abstract: A radiation therapy apparatus determines a set of angles that have a tracking quality metric value that satisfies a tracking quality metric criterion. During an alignment phase or a treatment phase for a treatment stage of a target by the radiation therapy apparatus, the radiation therapy apparatus performs selects at least a first angle and a second angle from the set of angles for a first rotation of the gantry. The radiation therapy apparatus generates, using an imaging device mounted to the gantry, a first tracking image of the target from the first angle during the first rotation of the gantry. The radiation therapy apparatus generates, using the imaging device, a second tracking image of the target from the second angle during the first rotation of the gantry. The radiation therapy apparatus performs the target tracking based on the first tracking image and the second tracking image.

Abstract: A reference image of a patient may be generated. A subsequent x-ray image of the patient may be generated after the generating of the reference image where the subsequent x-ray image is associated with a low dosage. A difference between the reference image and the subsequent x-ray image that is associated with the low dosage may be determined. A motion of the patient may be identified as having occurred based on the determined difference.

Abstract: A radiation therapy apparatus determines a set of angles that have a tracking quality metric value that satisfies a tracking quality metric criterion. During an alignment phase or a treatment phase for a treatment stage of a target by the radiation therapy apparatus, the radiation therapy apparatus performs selects at least a first angle and a second angle from the set of angles for a first rotation of the gantry. The radiation therapy apparatus generates, using an imaging device mounted to the gantry, a first tracking image of the target from the first angle during the first rotation of the gantry. The radiation therapy apparatus generates, using the imaging device, a second tracking image of the target from the second angle during the first rotation of the gantry. The radiation therapy apparatus performs the target tracking based on the first tracking image and the second tracking image.

Abstract: A method of selecting a radiation therapy treatment plan for a patient. The treatment plan is implemented through a radiation delivery system including a gantry capable of rotating around a couch, in which the couch is movable in a linear direction relative to the gantry. The movement of the couch and the gantry creates a helical delivery path having a pitch. A radiation module delivers a radiation beam, where the beam has a beam weight corresponding to a radiation fluence. The method includes receiving, by a controller, an objective including a desired dose, a desired dose distribution, or a dose constraint, optimizing the pitch to obtain an optimized pitch, optimizing, the beam weight to obtain optimized beam weight, determining, based on the optimized pitch and the optimized beam weight a treatment plan or a treatment dose, and outputting the treatment plan or the treatment dose.

Abstract: A method of sequential monoscopic tracking is described. The method includes generating a plurality of projections of an internal target region within a body of a patient, the plurality of projections comprising projection data about a position of an internal target region of the patient. The method further includes generating external positional data about external motion of the body of the patient using one or more external sensors. The method further includes generating, by a processing device, a correlation model between the projection data and the external positional data by fitting the plurality of projections of the internal target region to the external positional data. The method further includes estimating the position of the internal target region at a later time using the correlation model.

Abstract: A method of selecting a radiation therapy treatment plan for a patient. The treatment plan is implemented through a radiation delivery system including a gantry capable of rotating around a couch, in which the couch is movable in a linear direction relative to the gantry. The movement of the couch and the gantry creates a helical delivery path having a pitch. The radiation delivery system further includes a radiation module coupled to the gantry and capable of distributing a radiation beam, where the beam has a beam weight corresponding to a radiation fluence.

Abstract: A radiation therapy apparatus determines a set of angles that have a tracking quality metric value that satisfies a tracking quality metric criterion. During an alignment phase or a treatment phase for a treatment stage of a target by the radiation therapy apparatus, the radiation therapy apparatus performs selects at least a first angle and a second angle from the set of angles for a first rotation of the gantry. The radiation therapy apparatus generates, using an imaging device mounted to the gantry, a first tracking image of the target from the first angle during the first rotation of the gantry. The radiation therapy apparatus generates, using the imaging device, a second tracking image of the target from the second angle during the first rotation of the gantry. The radiation therapy apparatus performs the target tracking based on the first tracking image and the second tracking image.

Abstract: A processing device determines a plurality of angles from which tracking images can be generated by an imaging device. The processing device generates a plurality of projections of a treatment planning image of a patient, the treatment planning image comprising a delineated target, wherein each projection of the plurality of projections has an angle that corresponds to one of the plurality of angles from which the tracking images can be taken. The processing device determines, for each angle of the plurality of angles, a value of a tracking quality metric for tracking the target based on an analysis of a projection generated at that angle. The processing device selects a subset of the plurality of angles that have a tracking quality metric value that satisfies a tracking quality metric criterion.

Abstract: A system and method of delivering a radiation therapy treatment plan to a patient. The treatment plan is delivered using a radiation therapy system including a moveable support for supporting a patient, a gantry moveable relative to the support and supporting a radiation source and multi-leaf collimator for modulating the radiation source. The support and gantry are moved during delivery of the treatment plan.