Abstract: The invention describes new aromatic diisocyanates having the formulas: ##STR1## in which R is an alkyl radical with 1 to 12 carbon atoms. Preferably they are 1-alkyl-2-isocyanatomethyl-4-isocyanatobenzenes and/or 1-alkyl-4-isocyanatomethyl-2-isocyanatobenzenes and, particularly, 1-methyl-2-isocyanatomethyl-4- and -6-isocyanatobenzene and/or 1-methyl-4-isocyanatomethyl-2-isocyanatobenzene. The new diisocyanates are preferably prepared by phosgenation of the corresponding diamines and subsequent thermal cleavage of the carbamic acid chlorides formed on an intermediary basis and are used for the preparation of plastics, preferably of polyurethanes, and crop protection agents.

Abstract: A compound having the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein D is a radical of a heterocyclic or aromatic component selected from the group of aniline, anthraquinone, phthalimide or aminobenzene radicals, wherein the radical is unsubstituted or is substituted by fluorine, chlorine, bromine, nitro, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, cyano, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylsulfonyl, carboxylic acid ester groups, carbamyl, sulfamyl, 1,3,4- or 1,2,4-oxadiazolyl or acylamino groups; X is CO-- or --SO.sub.2 --; and R is an aliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic radical selected from the group of C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: Triaminotriarylmethane colorants are obtainable by first reacting an aluminum or iron trihalide complex of a 4,4',4"-trihalotriphenylmethyl halide with a metanilic acid, a sulfanilic acid or a .beta.-naphthylaminesulfonic acid and then reacting the product with one or more anilines to replace the halogen atoms located in the 4-positions.The compounds according to the invention are very useful as pigments, for example in printing inks, or for toning carbon black.

Abstract: Cationic phthalocyanine dyes of the formula ##STR1## where Pc is an (m+n+p)-valent phthalocyanine radical, R.sup.1 is H or alkyl, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 independently of one another are alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, cycloalkyl, benzyl, phenyl or tolyl, or ##STR2## is pyrrolidinyl, imidazolyl, 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazolyl, morpholinyl, piperazinyl or N'-alkylpiperazinyl, or is ##STR3## R.sup.4 is H or methyl, R.sup.5 is alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or benzyl, X.sup..sym. is one equivalent of an anion, M.sup..crclbar. is one equivalent of a cation, z is 1 or 2, p is 0 or 1, m is 0 or 1 and n is from 1 to 4, and 1<(m+n)<4, are readily or highly soluble in water and very substantive on paper, and accordingly are particularly suitable for dyeing and printing paper. Paper dyed with (I) has very good bleeding fastness, and a colorless effluent is obtained when paper is wet-end dyed.

Abstract: Conventionally limed hides are delimed for from one to six hours under conventional deliming conditions in respect of liquor length, temperature and pH of the liquor, by a process in which a cyclic carbonate of a polyhydric aliphatic alcohol of 2 to 6 carbon atoms is employed as the active agent.

Abstract: A transparent pigmentary form of 4,4',7,7'-tetrachlorothioindigo is prepared by oxidizing the leuco compound of tetrachlorothioindigo in aqueous alkaline suspension, in the presence of a dithionite, at from 20.degree. to 100.degree. C., with simultaneous exposure to shearing forces. Preferably, the oxidation is carried out in the presence of a surfactant.The pigment obtained gives brilliant, transparent full-shade colorations, while white reductions have a deep pure reddish hue.

Abstract: An auxiliary for the soaking of hides and skins, which consists of a salt of the formula IM.sup.+ [O.sub.3 S--S--R].sup.- Iwhere R is an organic radical of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, which may carry one or more functional groups, and M.sup.+ is one equivalent of a cation, mixtures thereof with other conventional soaking auxiliaries, and processes for their use. Using the novel auxiliary avoids all toxicity hazards and odor nuisance, as well as avoiding oxidation losses, and achieves good loosening of the hair.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of pigmentary forms of bromoisoviolanthrone, wherein the leuco compound is oxidized in an aqueous alkaline medium, in the presence of a surfactant, at from 10.degree. to 100.degree. C., with exposure to shearing forces.The pigment obtained gives full-shade colorations which are very transparent and very brilliant, while in white reductions very deep colorations are obtained.

Abstract: The invention seeks to provide a free-flowing formulation of one or more disperse dyes, with which packages can be dyed homogeneously by the HT process without filtering out of the dye, and which is suitable for the thermosol dyeing process. According to the invention such a formulation comprises one or more disperse dyes (a) enclosed in a matrix of one or more polymers (b) which are soluble, or colloidally soluble, both in water and in an organic solvent, in the form of a solid solution in a state of molecular dispersion or of extremely fine subdivision so that in an X-ray spectrum the dye appears amorphous.The formulations may contain additional assistants conventionally present when dyeing hydrophobic fibers. The formulations contain the disperse dye in an extremely fine state of subdivision. Because of the latter, the formulations give level package dyeings, without filtration of the dye, and very level dyeings when used by the thermofixing process.

Abstract: A process for deliming hides, in which, instead of using conventional acids or acid salts, esters which hydrolyze under the conventional deliming conditions are employed. This avoids the disadvantages associated with an overdose of conventional deliming agents.

Abstract: Easily water-dispersible pulverulent formulations of disperse dyes are prepared by spray-drying a dye solution which comprises(a) one or more disperse dyes,(b) one or more water-soluble anionic dispersants,(c) from 0 to 20% by weight, based on (a+b+c+d), of other surfactants and(d) from 0 to 20% by weight, based on (a+b+c+d) of agents which serve as protective colloids (the proportion of (c+d) being at most 20% by weight).Suitable solvents (e) are formic acid, formamide, N-methylformamide, butyrolactone, ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, which may in addition contain up to 100% by weight, based on (e), of N,N-dimethylformamide or acetic acid or mixtures of these. The formulations obtained by the above process contain the dye in very fine dispersion.