Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatuses for processing function calls using a hooking routines to perform pre-execution tasks are disclosed. A server computer receives a function call including a hooking routine and a request to run a particular function from a client computer. Based on a function group identifier and the credentials of the user or client computer, the server computer can perform various pre-execution tasks. The tasks can be common to all functions in the function group or be customized Both pre-execution tasks can be stored remotely from the client computer, so that updates to the pre-execution task can be made without the need to update computer readable code stored on the client computer. If the pre-execution tasks, such as an authorization, passes, then the server computer can execute the requested function, the server computer can reject or abort the requested function.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for cloning DNA molecules using recE/recT-mediated homologous recombination mechanism between at least two DNA molecules where one DNA molecule is a circular or linear DNA molecule and the second DNA molecule is a circular DNA molecule, and the second DNA molecule contains two regions with sequence homology to the first DNA molecule. Competent cells and vectors are also described.

Abstract: An authorization data model factors roles into generic roles and responsibilities, using these attributes at run-time to complete an authorization process based on non-static privileges associated with currently defined roles and responsibilities. Multiple applications collect current variable authorization information at run-time, when prompted by a user request to access a protected resource, from an external central repository that maintains updated generic role and responsibility information independent of user identity, thus replacing a fixed authorization structure with a flexible wild-card based model.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for cloning DNA molecules using recE/recT-mediated homologous recombination mechanism between at least two DNA molecules where one DNA molecule is a circular or linear DNA molecule and the second DNA molecule is a circular DNA molecule, and the second DNA molecule contains two regions with sequence homology to the first DNA molecule. Competent cells and vectors are also described.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for preparing an expression vector encoding a tailored recombinase, wherein said tailored recombinase recombines asymmetric target sites within the LTR of proviral DNA of a retrovirus inserted into the genome of a host cell and is useful as means for excising the provirus from the genome of the host cell. The present invention further relates to an in vitro-method of optimising the treatment of a retroviral infection of a subject and to the use of tailored recombinases for the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions for reducing the viral load in a subjected infected by a retrovirus.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for cloning DNA molecules using recE/recT-mediated homologous recombination mechanism between at least two DNA molecules where one DNA molecule is a circular or linear DNA molecule and the second DNA molecule is a circular DNA molecule, and the second DNA molecule contains two regions with sequence homology to the first DNA molecule. Competent cells and vectors are also described.

Abstract: A device for predicting the starting ability of a vehicle having an internal combustion engine and a starter which is supplied with electrical power by a vehicle battery. The starting ability of the vehicle can be determined particularly easily when a starting current characteristics map is stored in a device of the prediction system from which a starting current is determined under consideration of the state of charge of the battery after a predefined time period and the starting ability of the vehicle is determined from this via a prediction device.

Abstract: A sensor element for determining the oxygen concentration in an exhaust gas has a conductor track applied to a solid electrolyte, which includes an electrode provided in a measuring area of the sensor element and an electrode lead connected to the electrode and situated in the lead area of the sensor element. In a transition area between the measuring area and the lead area, the conductor track has a narrowing. Furthermore, the electrode includes a first electrode section and a second electrode section, the first electrode section being connected to the electrode lead in a transition area between the measuring area and the lead area, and the first and second electrode sections being electrically connected to one another only on their sides facing away from the lead area.

Abstract: An authorization data model factors roles into generic roles and responsibilities, using these attributes at run-time to complete an authorization process based on non-static privileges associated with currently defined roles and responsibilities. Multiple applications collect current variable authorization information at run-time, when prompted by a user request to access a protected resource, from an external central repository that maintains updated generic role and responsibility information independent of user identity, thus replacing a fixed authorization structure with a flexible wild-card based model.

Abstract: An authorization data model factors roles into generic roles and responsibilities, using these attributes at run-time to complete an authorization process based on non-static privileges associated with currently defined roles and responsibilities. Multiple applications collect current variable authorization information at run-time, when prompted by a user request to access a protected resource, from an external central repository that maintains updated generic role and responsibility information independent of user identity, thus replacing a fixed authorization structure with a flexible wild-card based model.

Abstract: A ceramic laminate is provided which has at least one solid electrolyte layer, an electrical resistor track embedded in an insulation, and especially running in a meandering shape, and two electrical lead tracks to the resistor track. To reduce the danger of crack formation in the insulation, the resistor track is made up of a material having a greater specific Ohmic resistance compared to the material of the lead tracks and has as great a track width as possible at a low track thickness.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a device for ascertaining the electric power, provided by a battery and a generator, available in a motor-vehicle electrical system. To determine the available electric power, both a battery model and a generator model are provided, from which the battery reserve power and the generator reserve power may be ascertained. The total power available in the vehicle electrical system is finally determined from the battery reserve power and the generator reserve power.

Abstract: A sensor element having a layer-type construction is used to determine a physical quantity of a measurement gas, in particular to determine the concentration of a gas component of the measurement gas. The sensor element includes at least one heater and at least one measurement element. The heater is surrounded by a heater insulation. Between the heater and the heater insulation there is provided, at least in some areas, a hollow element.

Abstract: A device for predicting the starting ability of a vehicle having an internal combustion engine and a starter which is supplied with electrical power by a vehicle battery. The starting ability of the vehicle can be determined particularly easily when a starting current characteristics map is stored in a device of the prediction system from which a starting current is determined under consideration of the state of charge of the battery after a predefined time period and the starting ability of the vehicle is determined from this via a prediction device.

Abstract: An authorization data model factors roles into generic roles and responsibilities, using these attributes at run-time to complete an authorization process based on non-static privileges associated with currently defined roles and responsibilities. Multiple applications collect current variable authorization information at run-time, when prompted by a user request to access a protected resource, from an external central repository that maintains updated generic role and responsibility information independent of user identity, thus replacing a fixed authorization structure with a flexible wild-card based model.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for cloning DNA molecules using recE/recT-mediated homologous recombination mechanism between at least two DNA molecules where one DNA molecule is a circular or linear DNA molecule and the second DNA molecule is a circular DNA molecule, and the second DNA molecule contains two regions with sequence homology to the first DNA molecule. Competent cells and vectors are also described.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for cloning DNA molecules using recE/recT-mediated homologous recombination mechanism between at least two DNA molecules where one DNA molecule is a circular or linear DNA molecule and the second DNA molecule is a circular DNA molecule, and the second DNA molecule contains two regions with sequence homology to the first DNA molecule. Competent cells and vectors are also described.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for the evolution of molecules with improved biological properties. In particular, the invention relates to methods using proteins that modify a DNA substrate to establish a link between the action of these proteins and the selection of molecules with improved biological properties. A unifying feature of all these mechanisms is that the coding region being evolved is in the same genetic element or on the same DNA molecule as a target site for a DNA-modifying protein. Accordingly, the activity (or inactivity) of the DNA-modifying protein can be tested by evaluating the sequence of its nucleic acid substrate. In this manner, a number of different types of compounds may be selected, including improved DNA-modifying proteins, improved substrates for DNA-modifying proteins, improved ligand-receptor interactions, improved co-factor and regulatory protein activities, improved DNA-binding proteins, and so on.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a device for ascertaining the electric power, provided by a battery (11) and a generator (10), available in a motor-vehicle electrical system. To precisely determine the available electric power, both a battery model (2) and a generator model (4) are provided, from which the battery reserve power (&Dgr;Pbattery) and the generator reserve power (&Dgr;Pgenerator) may be ascertained. The total power available in the vehicle electrical system is finally determined from the battery reserve power and the generator reserve power.

Abstract: The invention refers to a novel method for cloning DNA molecules using a homologous recombination mechanism between at least two DNA molecules comprising: a) providing a host cell capable of performing homologous recombination, b) contacting in said host cell a first DNA molecule which is capable of being replicated in said host cell with a second DNA molecule comprising at least two regions of sequence homology to regions on the first DNA molecule, under conditions which favour homologous recombination between said first and second DNA molecules and c) selecting a host cell in which homologous recombination between said first and second DNA molecules has occurred.