Abstract: A method of generating an audio output signal according to a downward compatible sound format, the method including: generating a sum signal by combining a first input channel signal with a second input channel signal; and dynamically correcting the sum signal using samples of the first and second input channel signals from overlapping time windows.

Abstract: To improve a cropping system by obtaining coverage of a wide range of contents for smaller sized displays of handheld devices, a method starts from a metadata aggregation and corresponding video, e.g. in post-production, program exchange and archiving, wherein (a) video is passed to a video analysis to deliver video, e.g. by use of motion detection, morphology filters, edge detection, etc.

Abstract: Reproduction accuracy of a digital signal, representing, for example, stereo audio signals, is improved by transmitting sample data which have been encoded to form transmission signals. The stereo audio signals are coded into sub(band) signals. Corresponding sub(band) signals of the stereo audio signals may be processed to obtain composite sub(band) signals, which are recorded on a record carrier. To identify whether corresponding sub(band) signals have been processed or not, a mode indicator control signal, indicating whether a corresponding sub signal of the at least two signal components have or have not been processed into a composite sub-signal, is also being recorded on the record carrier.

Abstract: The use is disclosed of at least substantially water-insoluble ethers which are fluid and/or at least plastically deformable at working temperature and have flash points of at least 80° C., of mono- and/or polyfunctional alcohols of natural and/or synthetic origin or corresponding solutions of such ethers in ecologically acceptable water-insoluble oils as the dispersed oil phase of water-based O/W-emulsion drilling fluids which are suitable for the environmentally acceptable development of geological formations and which contain, if desired, insoluble, finely particulate weighting agents for the formation of water-based O/W-emulsion drilling muds and/or further additives, such as emulsifiers, fluid-loss additives, wetting agents, alkali reserves and/or auxiliary substances for the inhibition of drilled rock of high water-sensitivity.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a portable handheld work apparatus such as a brushcutter, edge cutter or the like. The work apparatus has a drive motor which drives a rotatable work tool via a drive shaft (3) journalled in a guide tube (2). The guide tube (2) is held in a housing (5) of the drive motor by an anti-vibration unit (6). The anti-vibration unit (6) includes a clamp (7) which surrounds the guide tube (2) and elastic damping elements (8, 9) which lie between the clamp (7) and the housing (5). The clamp (7) surrounds the guide tube (2) and is fixed form tight on the housing (5).

Abstract: The invention relates to portable handheld work apparatus including a brushcutter, edge cutter or the like. The work apparatus has a drive motor (1) and a cutting tool (2) driven by the drive motor. The work apparatus includes a guide tube (3) for guiding a drive shaft (4) as well as a handle (5) fixed on the guide tube (3). The drive shaft (4) connects the cutting tool (2) to the drive motor (1). The handle (5) is in the form of a handle bracket (8) and can be pivoted about a pivot axis (7) lying transversely to the longitudinal axis (6) of the guide tube (3) for adjusting the distance (a) of the handle to the guide tube (3). A spring action handle bracket holder (22, 23) is mounted between the handle bracket (8) and the guide tube (3). The handle bracket holder is especially vibration dampening and extends with a component in the direction of the longitudinal axis (6).

Abstract: A manually guided implement having an air-cooled internal combustion engine for driving a tool is provided. Disposed between an output shaft of the internal combustion engine and the tool is a centrifugal clutch, whereby a flywheel portion of the clutch and a fan wheel are fixedly disposed on the output shaft. The flywheel portion is secured on a suction side of the fan wheel that is provided with guide vanes.

Abstract: The invention relates to an exhaust-gas muffler on an internal combustion engine in a motor chain saw. The exhaust-gas muffler includes a housing (1) which is assembled of two housing shells (2, 3). The one housing shell (2) has an exhaust-gas inlet (4) and the other housing shell (3) has an exhaust-gas outlet (5). An inner wall (8) as well as a catalytic converting element (7) are provided in the inner space (6) of the muffler housing (1). The catalytic converting element (7) is mounted between the exhaust-gas inlet (4) and the exhaust-gas outlet (5). In order to ensure an adequate catalytic converting treatment of the exhaust gas at low gas counterpressure, it is provided to divide the entering exhaust-gas flow (10) and to conduct at least one of these component flows (23) in contact with the catalytic converting element (7). The component flows (22, 23) are brought together and mixed with other before exiting from the muffler housing (1).

Abstract: The available space within the apparatus housing (2) in the portable handheld work apparatus is limited so that the individual components have to be accommodated in a tight space. In work apparatus having internal combustion engines, this means that the carburetor (7) is flange connected directly to the engine block (12) in the region of the inlet opening (11). A spacer (9) is provided in order to avoid unfavorable heat effects on the carburetor (7) and to provide an advantageous mounting position. The spacer (9) is positioned between the engine (10) and the carburetor (7). The spacer (9) has a channel section (18) which runs diagonally to the respective flange planes (19, 20) of the spacer (9). This channel section (18) connects the intake channel (21) of the carburetor (7) to the inlet opening (11) of the engine (10).

Abstract: The invention relates to portable handheld work apparatus including a brushcutter, edge cutter or the like. The work apparatus has a drive motor (1) and a cutting tool (2) driven by the drive motor. The work apparatus includes a guide tube (3) for guiding a drive shaft (4) as well as a handle (5) fixed on the guide tube (3). The drive shaft (4) connects the cutting tool (2) to the drive motor (1). The handle (5) is in the form of a handle bracket (8) and can be pivoted about a pivot axis (7) lying transversely to the longitudinal axis (6) of the guide tube (3) for adjusting the distance (a) of the handle to the guide tube (3). A spring action handle bracket holder (22, 23) is mounted between the handle bracket (8) and the guide tube (3). The handle bracket holder is especially vibration dampening and extends with a component in the direction of the longitudinal axis (6).

Abstract: The invention is directed to a portable handheld work apparatus such as a brushcutter, edge cutter or the like. The work apparatus has a drive motor which drives a rotatable work tool via a drive shaft (3) journalled in a guide tube (2). The guide tube (2) is held in a housing (5) of the drive motor by an anti-vibration unit (6). The anti-vibration unit (6) includes a clamp (7) which surrounds the guide tube (2) and elastic damping elements (8, 9) which lie between the clamp (7) and the housing (5). The clamp (7) surrounds the guide tube (2) and is fixed form tight on the housing (5).

Abstract: The available space within the apparatus housing (2) in the portable handheld work apparatus is limited so that the individual components have to be accommodated in a tight space. In work apparatus having internal combustion engines, this means that the carburetor (7) is flange connected directly to the engine block (12) in the region of the inlet opening (11). A spacer (9) is provided in order to avoid unfavorable heat effects on the carburetor (7) and to provide an advantageous mounting position. The spacer (9) is positioned between the engine (10) and the carburetor (7). The spacer (9) has a channel section (18) which runs diagonally to the respective flange planes (19, 20) of the spacer (9). This channel section (18) connects the intake channel (21) of the carburetor (7) to the inlet opening (11) of the engine (10).

Abstract: A manually guided implement having an air-cooled internal combustion engine for driving a tool is provided. Disposed between an output shaft of the internal combustion engine and the tool is a centrifugal clutch, whereby a flywheel portion of the clutch and a fan wheel are fixedly disposed on the output shaft. The flywheel portion is secured on a suction side of the fan wheel that is provided with guide vanes.

Abstract: A closing device that has a container shoulder, a container head with an opening for dispensing the contents of the container, and a closure cap operated by a twisting motion. The closure cap has an inner cylinder, a cover plate with at least one window located in the region bounded by the inner cylinder, and a closure lid supported by ribs. Portions a freshness seal secured on the opening of the container head are visible from the outside even if the container is closed.

Abstract: A muffler for a two-stroke internal combustion engine has a housing enclosing a hollow space and having an exhaust gas inlet and an exhaust gas outlet. Shaped sheet metal members are mounted in the housing and define an exhaust gas flow channel. The flow channel extends at least over a portion of its length in a plane of the sheet metal members. A first one of the sheet metal members has a projecting portion projecting from the plane of the sheet metal members and forming a connector of the flow channel. The connector communicates with the exhaust gas inlet. A second one of the sheet metal members has a projecting portion projecting from the plane of the sheet metal members and forming an end portion of the flow channel opening into the hollow space of the housing.

Abstract: A trimmer has a drive motor, a cutting tool, and a drive shaft connecting the drive motor and the cutting tool. A protective tube encloses the drive shaft. A connector is provided for connecting a handle bar, having a first and a second section, to the protective tube. The first and second sections are parallel to one another, and the first section is connected to the protective tube. The first section has a free end with a first handle and the second section has a free end with a second handle. The handle bar is positioned asymmetrically relative to the longitudinal axis of the protective tube. The handle bar has a bent portion, with a first and a second bend, connecting the first and second sections. The bent portion is positioned adjacent to the connector. In the operating position of the trimmer, the longitudinal axis of the second section is displaced relative to the longitudinal axis of the first section along the longitudinal axis of the protective tube.

Abstract: Source coding digitized audio signals includes providing time or spectral domain sampling values of the digitized audio signal, requantizing the sampling values according their permissible quantizing noise as determined by a coding and requantizing control signal, and multiplexing the control signal and the requantized sampling values into a time multiplex frame depending on the bit rate reduction employed. The coding and requantizing control signal is determined from the sampling values by determining the global masking effect from all relevant maskers which are tonal maskers and noise maskers, and which result from the sampling values, and from a silence audio threshold.

Abstract: A hand-held working tool has a tool member and a drive unit with an internal combustion engine drivingly connected to the tool member. A grip unit with vibration damping members is connected with the vibration damping members to the drive unit. Receiving cages for receiving the vibration damping members are connected either to the drive unit or the grip unit. Pins with a longitudinal axis are connected to the other one of the drive unit or the grip unit. They extend in the direction of the longitudinal axis at least partly into the receiving cages so as to be positioned substantially centrally in the vibration damping members. The vibration damping members have a greater extension in the direction of a first axis, extending substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, than in a direction of a second axis, extending also substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.

Abstract: In order to transmit or to store digitalized, multi-channel audio signals which are digitally represented by a plurality of spectral subband signals, at an encoder, subband signals of different audio channels but having the same frequency position are combined across channels according to a dynamic control signal. This control signal is derived from several audio channels by an audio signal analysis based on a psycho-acoustic binaural model. At a decoder, the subband signals of several audio channels but having the same frequency position are dissociated across channels according to a control value derived from the dynamic control signal, transmitted or stored therewith.

Abstract: Finely divided solids suspensions can be dewatered by adding to the solids suspension a mixed hydroxy ether of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a linear hydroxy alkyl group containing from 2 to 16 carbon atoms with the hydroxyl group on the carbon atom adjacent to the carbon atom with the ether linkage and R.sup.2 is a linear alkyl group with 1 to 15 carbon atoms with the proviso that the sum of the total carbon atoms in R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is 5 to 17, R.sup.3 is a linear or branched alkyl group with 1 to 12 carbon atoms and n is a number of from 1 to 20. The mixed hydroxy ethers are readily biodegradable, generate very little foam and have a low solidification point.