Abstract: The invention relates to newly discovered nucleic acid molecules and proteins associated with breast or ovarian cancer. Compositions, kits, and methods for detecting, characterizing, preventing, and treating human breast or ovarian cancers are provided.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the identification of markers that can be used to determine whether ovarian cancer is sensitive or resistant to a therapeutic agent. In particular, the present invention is directed to the use of certain combinations of markers, wherein the expression of the markers correlates with sensitivity or resistance to a therapeutic agent. Thus, by examining the expression of the individual markers of a marker set, also referred to as the expression profile of the marker set, it is possible to determine whether a therapeutic agent, or combination of agents, will be most likely to reduce the growth rate of the ovarian cancer.

Abstract: The invention relates to newly discovered nucleic acid molecules and proteins associated with breast or ovarian cancer. Compositions, kits, and methods for detecting, characterizing, preventing, and treating human breast or ovarian cancers are provided.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the identification of markers that can be used to determine whether ovarian cancer is sensitive or resistant to a therapeutic agent. In particular, the present invention is directed to the use of certain combinations of markers, wherein the expression of the markers correlates with sensitivity or resistance to a therapeutic agent. Thus, by examining the expression of the individual markers of a marker set, also referred to as the expression profile of the marker set, it is possible to determine whether a therapeutic agent, or combination of agents, will be most likely to reduce the growth rate of the ovarian cancer.

Abstract: Cancer markers may be developed to detect diseases characterized by increased expression of apoptosis-suppressing genes, such as aggressive cancers. Genes in the human chromosomal regions, 8q24, 11q13, 20q11-q13, were found to be amplified indicating in vivo drug resistance in diseases such as ovarian cancer. Diagnosis and assessment of amplification levels certain genes shown to be amplified, including PVT1, can be useful in prediction of poor outcome of patient's response and drug resistance in ovarian cancer patients with low survival rates. Certain genes were found to be high priority therapeutic targets by the identification of recurrent aberrations involving genome sequence, copy number and/or gene expression are associated with reduced survival duration in certain diseases and cancers, specifically ovarian cancer. Therapeutics to inhibit amplification and inhibitors of one of these genes, PVT1, target drug resistance in ovarian cancer patients with low survival rates is described.

Abstract: The invention relates to newly discovered nucleic acid molecules and proteins associated with breast cancer. Compositions, kits, and methods for detecting, characterizing, preventing, and treating human breast cancers are provided.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to the determination that constitutively nearly silent GrB locus in human breast carcinoma and osteosarcoma cells activated upon retinoblastoma protein (pRB)-induced growth arrest owing to the usage of an alternative promoter/transcription start site. Cloned novel cDNA from the locus adds 34 amino acid residues to the N-terminus of GrB zymogen. The alternate product has been designated as GrB-NIC. Tumor cells with accumulated endogenous GrB-NIC, whose mature form was identical to lymphocyte GrB but with a distinctive glycosylation pattern, undergoes post-growth-arrest apoptosis that occurs concurrently with pRB cleavage, and are capable of inducing rapid apoptosis of bystander pRB? tumor cells. Expression of GrB-NIC is also observed in malignant cells of other types as well as in normal non-immune cells upon cell differentiation, especially in differentiating and differentiated neural cells.

Abstract: The present invention is methods for detecting the presence of cancer in a subject by determining the concentrations of lysophospholipids in a sample of bodily fluid taken from a test subject and comparing these concentrations to concentrations present in samples taken from normal subjects without cancer. The methods may be used for diagnosis and prognosis of cancer in a subject and to monitor the results of therapy of over time.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to the determination that constitutively nearly silent GrB locus in human breast carcinoma and osteosarcoma cells activated upon retinoblastoma protein (pRB)-induced growth arrest owing to the usage of an alternative promoter/transcription start site. Cloned novel cDNA from the locus adds 34 amino acid residues to the N-terminus of GrB zymogen. The alternate product has been designated as GrB-NIC. Tumor cells with accumulated endogenous GrB-NIC, whose mature form was identical to lymphocyte GrB but with a distinctive glycosylation pattern, undergoes post-growth-arrest apoptosis that occurs concurrently with pRB cleavage, and are capable of inducing rapid apoptosis of bystander pRB− tumor cells. Expression of GrB-NIC is also observed in malignant cells of other types as well as in normal non-immune cells upon cell differentiation, especially in differentiating and differentiated neural cells.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel dipeptide thereof, represented by the general Formula I: 1

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel dipeptide thereof, represented by the general Formula I: where R1-R3, X and Y are defined herein. The present invention also relates to the discovery that compounds having Formula I are potent inhibitors of caspases and apoptotic cell death. Therefore, the inhibitors of this invention can retard or block cell death in a variety of clinical conditions in which the loss of cells, tissues or entire organs occurs.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel 2-aminobenzamide thereof, represented by the general Formula I: 1

Abstract: The invention relates to newly discovered nucleic acid molecules and proteins associated with breast cancer. Compositions, kits, and methods for detecting, characterizing, preventing, and treating human breast cancers are provided.

Abstract: Methods for detecting or diagnosing gynecological carcinomas in a patient are provided. One method The method, which involves assaying for the presence of lysophosphatidic acid in a plasma sample of the patient, is useful for detecting ovarian carcinoma, cervical carcinoma, endometrial carcinoma, and peritoneal carcinoma. In a preferred embodiment the method comprises: providing a blood specimen from the patient, obtaining a plasma sample for the blood specimen under conditions which minimize the release of lysophosphatidic acid from the platelets in the blood specimen into the plasma, extracting lipids from the plasma, and detecting the presence of lysophosphatidic acid in the lipid. Another method involves assaying for the presence of lysophosphatidyl inositol in a bodily fluid, preferably plasma, from the subject.

Abstract: The use of caspase inhibitors for treating, ameliorating, and preventing non-cancer cell death during chemotherapy and radiation therapy and for treating and ameliorating the side effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy of cancer is disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to newly discovered nucleic acid molecules and proteins associated with ovarian cancer. Compositions, kits, and methods for detecting, characterizing, preventing, and treating human ovarian cancers are provided.

Abstract: A rapid, simple method of directly transfecting a large number of eukaryotic, prokaryotic or plant cells, which retains substantial cell viability is achieved by the present invention. The method includes the steps of contacting with cells adhered to a support, an amount of polynucleotide molecule targeted for transfection into the cells and an amount of particles. A gentle agitation of the cells, polynucleotide molecules and particles permits direct transfection of the polynucleotide molecules into the cells.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel substituted &agr;-hydroxy acid thereof, represented by the general Formula I: where R1-R5, X and Z are defined herein. The present invention also relates to the discovery that compounds having Formula I are potent inhibitors of caspases and apoptotic cell death. Therefore, the inhibitors of this invention can retard or block cell death in a variety of clinical conditions in which the loss of cells, tissues or entire organs occurs.

Abstract: The present invention is methods for detecting the presence of cancer in a subject by determining the concentrations of lysophospholipids in a sample of bodily fluid taken from a test subject and comparing these concentrations to concentrations present in samples taken from normal subjects without cancer. The methods may be used for diagnosis and prognosis of cancer in a subject and to monitor the results of therapy of over time.

Abstract: The present invention is methods for detecting the presence of cancer in a subject by determining the concentrations of lysophospholipids in a sample of bodily fluid taken from a test subject and comparing these concentrations to concentrations present in samples taken from normal subjects without cancer. The methods may be used for diagnosis and prognosis of cancer in a subject and to monitor the results of therapy of over time.