Abstract: A sensor arrangement for ascertaining the density and the viscosity of a liquid is proposed, having an arrangement comprising at least two basic sensor elements, at least one of which can be wetted with the liquid, and having electro-acoustical transducers (6) in the basic sensor elements for generating and detecting surface acoustic waves with predetermined wave modes, from whose propagation behavior along a measurement path a measure for the density and the viscosity of the liquid can be ascertained. Liquid traps (17) for the liquid, which extend in the applicable measurement path, are disposed in the region of at least one of the basic sensor elements, parallel to the direction of propagation of the surface acoustic wave.

Abstract: An arrangement for detecting physical measurement variables, in particular force, torque, stress and/or acceleration, at a wheel bearing in a motor vehicle is proposed. This arrangement has a radial bearing (14, 15), a rotatable component (13, 24) interconnected with the radial bearing (14, 15), a sensing device (30) with which at least one physical measurement variable capable of being transferred from the rotatable component (13, 24) to the radial bearing (14, 15) can be detected, and a further device (16) interconnected with the radial bearing (14, 15) with which the rotational speed of the rotatable component (13, 24) can be influenced.

Abstract: A sensing element, in particular for an electrochemical sensor for determining gas concentrations, having at least one three-dimensional electrode arrangement, applied on a support plate and forming trenches of a depth for measuring changes in capacitance and/or conductivity in a gas-sensitive layer arranged to a height in the trenches, the height of the gas-sensitive layer being less than the depth of the trenches.

Abstract: A sensor which has a bending reed and a piezoelectric resonator. Due to excitation by the piezoelectric resonator, the bending reed can be excited to vibration in a measurable medium. In this context, the vibration frequency and the damping of the bending reed are a function of the density and the viscosity, respectively, of the measurable medium. This can be measured by a piezoresistive element, and thus the density and viscosity of the measurable medium are ascertained.

Abstract: The microvalve includes an electromagnetic drive and of a multilayer lower valve part, which are permanently bonded to one another and are manufactured separately from one another. The lower valve part includes at least one armature and a valve-closure element, which are axially movable, as well as a housing which at least partially surrounds this axially movable component of the microvalve. The layers of the lower valve part are built up one upon the other by means of (multilayer) electrodeposition.The microvalve can be used in fuel-injection systems of internal combustion engines.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve in particular an injection valve for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines has a valve closing body connected to a valve needle and a valve seat body. A valve closing surface that cooperates with a valve seat surface configured on valve seat body to form valve seat on valve closing body. Furthermore, the fuel injection valve has at least one fuel channel provided in the area of the valve seat body upstream from the valve seat for supplying fuel to the fuel seat. A throttle point, whose opening cross section can be varied from outside the fuel injection valve, is arranged in each fuel channel.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an orifice plate that is built up in multiple layers and includes a complete axial through passage for a fluid. The orifice plate includes inlet openings, outlet openings, and at least one conduit lying between them. The layers or functional planes of the orifice plate are built up on one another by electroplating metal deposition (multilayer electroplating). Orifice plates manufactured in this manner are particularly suitable for use on injection valves in fuel injection systems, in paint nozzles, inhalers, or inkjet printers, or in freeze-drying processes, for spraying or injecting fluids such as beverages.

Abstract: In a method for manufacturing a nozzle plate, two parts of the nozzle plate are fabricated separately from one another. The fabrication of the two parts is carried out by microstructuring/lithography, electroforming and plastic molding. Advantageously, a filter structure is provided in the first part. The two parts are joined together by means of laser welding, diffusion soldering or a chemical joining process. The nozzle plate is particularly well suited for injection valves, atomization nozzles, paint spray nozzles or other spraying systems.

Abstract: An orifice plate includes a complete axial through passage for a fluid, in particular for a fuel, including inlet openings, outlet openings, and at least one conduit located between them. The inlet and outlet openings are arranged in the orifice plate so that they do not overlap at any point when projected into one plane. This offset of the outlet openings with respect to the inlet openings results in an S-shaped flow profile for the medium, onto which an atomization-promoting turbulence is thus imposed. The orifice plate is particularly suitable for use on injection valves in fuel injection systems, in paint nozzles, or for freeze-drying processes.

Abstract: The microvalve according to the invention is comprised of an electromagnetic drive and of a multilayer lower valve part, which are permanently bonded to one another and are manufactured separately from one another. The lower valve part includes at least one armature and a valve-closure element, which are axially movable, as well as a housing which at least partially surrounds this axially movable component of the microvalve. The layers of the lower valve part are built up one upon the other by means of (multilayer) electrodeposition. The microvalve can be used in fuel-injection systems of internal combustion engines.

Abstract: An orifice plate includes a complex axial through passage for a fluid is created, composed of inlet openings, outlet openings, and at least one conduit located between them. The at least three functional planes of the orifice plate, each with a characteristic opening structure, are built up on one another by electroplating metal deposition (multilayer electroplating) . A layer of the orifice plate deposited by electroplating can have one or more functional planes. The orifice plate is particularly suitable for use on injection valves in fuel injection systems, in paint nozzles, inhalers, inkjet printers, for freeze-drying processes, for spraying or injecting liquids, for example beverages, or for atomizing medications.

Abstract: A process for producing single-layer or multi-layer microcoils or microcoil arrays that optionally have a magnetic core area to increase the coil inductance and to guide the magnetic flux. In this process, plastic films (e.g., made of polyimide or polyester), are applied using pressure and heat to serve as the insulation layers. This eliminates the need for curing the insulation and expensive leveling operations.

Abstract: The optical switching device includes an optical layer (5) provided with at least one optical waveguide (11) having an entrance (13) and an outlet (15) and at least one other optical waveguide (21) provided in the optical layer (5) with another outlet (23); a piezoelectric layer (7) arranged on the optical layer (5); electrodes (9) for producing an acoustic wave provided on the piezoelectric layer (7); and a device for performing a Bragg light deflection with optical frequency shift by one of activating and deactivating the electrodes to optically couple the entrance (13) of the at least one optical waveguide (11) with one or the other of the outlets (15, 23). The invention also relates to an optical by-pass circuit which is a combination of two optical switching devices.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an orifice plate that is built up in multiple layers and includes a complete axial through passage for a fluid. The orifice plate includes inlet openings, outlet openings, and at least one conduit lying between them. The layers or functional planes of the orifice plate are built up on one another by electroplating metal deposition (multilayer electroplating). Orifice plates manufactured in this manner are particularly suitable for use on injection valves in fuel injection systems, in paint nozzles, inhalers, or inkjet printers, or in freeze-drying processes, for spraying or injecting fluids such as beverages.

Abstract: The nozzle plate according to the present invention includes an axial passage for a fluid, particularly for a fuel, which is made up in the downstream direction by a filter, a ring chamber and an uninterrupted ring gap following one another. Using this arrangement, a cohesive tulip-shaped jet lamella can be produced which thins out in the downstream direction and then disintegrates into tiny droplets. As a consequence, the exhaust emission of an internal combustion engine can be further reduced and likewise a reduction of the fuel consumption can be achieved.The nozzle plate is suited particularly for injection valves in fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines with externally supplied ignition which compress the mixture.

Abstract: A magnetostrictive transducer wherein a magnetostrictive layer is applied to a flexible element, for example, a flexible beam. The flexible element is deflected by an external magnetic field. The thin magnetostrictive layer consists of Tb.sub.(1-x) Dy.sub.(x) Fe.sub.2.

Abstract: A micro-actuator includes force elements and compensation elements arranged on a bending element such that a change in the environmental temperature does not cause any flexing of the bending element.