Abstract: Provided in one example herein is a liquid electrophotographic varnish composition. The composition includes resin particles each including a polymeric resin mixture, which includes a first polymeric resin including an ethylene-based polymer; and a second polymeric resin including a polyamide. The composition also includes a carrier fluid.

Abstract: In an example, a print apparatus comprises an intermediate transfer member to receive thermoplastic print agent from a photoconductive surface, a rotatably mounted endless cleaning surface to receive a layer of thermoplastic print agent from the intermediate transfer member and a heater, to heat the endless cleaning surface. The endless cleaning surface may be to engage with the intermediate transfer member when heated to transfer residue from the intermediate transfer member to the layer of thermoplastic print agent on the endless cleaning surface.

Abstract: In an example, a print apparatus comprises an intermediate transfer member to receive thermoplastic print agent from a photoconductive surface, a rotatably mounted endless cleaning surface to receive a layer of thermoplastic print agent from the intermediate transfer member and a heater, to heat the endless cleaning surface. The endless cleaning surface may be to engage with the intermediate transfer member when heated to transfer residue from the intermediate transfer member to the layer of thermoplastic print agent on the endless cleaning surface.

Abstract: In a first approach, a vacuum cell comprises a porous plate and a vacuum force generated by gas being drawn thorough the porous plate is used to pick electronic components from a donor substrate. After transport of the vacuum cell to a placing area, dots of liquid material may be deposited on a top surface of the porous plate adjacent to one or more picked components in order to disrupt the vacuum force and release the picked components onto a receiving substrate. In a refinement of the first approach, the porous plate contains a plurality of picking holes for selectively picking components. Certain picking holes can be fluidly coupled to the vacuum, allowing components to be attached within those picking holes, while other picking holes can be closed or rendered inactive with dots of liquid material deposited on a top surface of the porous plate.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for the fabrication of solid three-dimensional objects from liquid polymerizable materials at high resolution. A material is coated on a film non-digitally, excess material is removed digitally, by laser, leaving an image of a layer to be printed, and the image is then engaged with existing portions of an object being fabricated and exposed to a non-digital UV curing light source. Since the only part of the process that is digital is the material removal, and this part is done by laser, the speed of printing and the robustness of the manufacturing process is improved significantly over conventional additive or 3D fabrication techniques.

Abstract: Systems and methods in which a material or materials (e.g., a viscous material) are printed or otherwise transferred onto an intermediate substrate at a printing unit(s). The intermediate substrate having an image of material printed thereon is subsequently transferred to a sample building unit, and the image of material is transferred from the intermediate substrate to a sample at the sample building unit. Optionally, the printing unit(s) includes a coating system that creates a uniform layer of the material on a donor substrate, and the material is transferred from the donor substrate onto the intermediate substrate at the printing unit(s). Each of the printing units may employ a variety of printing or other transfer technologies. The system may also include material curing, heating, sintering, ablating, material filling, imaging and cleaning units to aid in the overall process.

Abstract: A method for producing a conductive liquid electrophotographic ink composition is described, the method comprising: heating a polymer resin in a carrier fluid to dissolve the polymer resin; adding conductive metallic pigment particles to be coated to the carrier fluid; cooling the carrier fluid to effect precipitation of the polymer resin from the carrier fluid such that a coating of the resin is at least partially formed on the conductive metallic pigment particles; reheating the suspension of partially coated conductive metallic pigment particles in the carrier fluid; and cooling the carrier fluid at a controlled rate to effect precipitation of the polymer resin from the carrier fluid such that a coating of the resin is formed on the conductive metallic pigment particles, thereby producing the conductive liquid electrophotographic ink composition.

Abstract: A three-dimensional device is fabricated in a layer-by-layer approach using a support material. The support material is deposited in a liquid form on a surface, hardened by cooling or ultraviolet (UV) curing, and selectively ablated to create an area within which the desired structure of the device will be formed. Active material is deposited into this area, and the layer-by-layer process repeated until the three-dimensional device has been completed. Thereafter, any remaining support material is removed by water or other solvent.

Abstract: In an example of the disclosure, a blanket servicing system includes a rotatably mounted endless cleaning surface and a scraper. The endless cleaning surface is to have a first engagement with a blanket to obtain a layer of thermoplastic print agent from the blanket. The endless cleaning surface is to have a second engagement with the blanket to receive residue from the blanket onto the layer of thermoplastic print agent. The scraper is to scrape the endless cleaning surface to transfer the residue from the endless cleaning surface to a collection element.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for the fabrication of solid three-dimensional objects from liquid polymerizable materials at high resolution. A material is coated on a film non-digitally, excess material is removed digitally, by laser, leaving an image of a layer to be printed, and the image is then engaged with existing portions of an object being fabricated and exposed to a non-digital UV curing light source. Since the only part of the process that is digital is the material removal, and this part is done by laser, the speed of printing and the robustness of the manufacturing process is improved significantly over conventional additive or 3D fabrication techniques.

Abstract: A three-dimensional dental device is fabricated in a layer-by-layer approach using a support material. The support material is deposited in a liquid form on a surface, hardened by cooling or ultraviolet (UV) curing, and selectively ablated to create an area within which the desired structure of the dental device will be formed. Active dental material is deposited into this area, and the layer-by-layer process repeated until the three-dimensional dental device has been completed. Thereafter, any remaining support material is removed by water or other solvent.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for the fabrication of solid three-dimensional objects from liquid polymerizable materials at high resolution. A material is coated on a film non-digitally, excess material is removed digitally, by laser, leaving an image of a layer to be printed, and the image is then engaged with existing portions of an object being fabricated and exposed to a non-digital UV curing light source. Since the only part of the process that is digital is the material removal, and this part is done by laser, the speed of printing and the robustness of the manufacturing process is improved significantly over conventional additive or 3D fabrication techniques.

Abstract: In an example, a method includes determining an indication of pixel separation for an image region to be printed to a substrate. A power level of a laser light source to address a pixel on a region of a photoconductive surface corresponding to the image region may be adjusted based on the indication of pixel separation to compensate for print spot size variation associated with pixel separation.

Abstract: In an example of the disclosure, a blanket servicing system includes a rotatably mounted endless cleaning surface and a scraper. The endless cleaning surface is to have a first engagement with a blanket to obtain a layer of thermoplastic print agent from the blanket. The endless cleaning surface is to have a second engagement with the blanket to receive residue from the blanket onto the layer of thermoplastic print agent. The scraper is to scrape the endless cleaning surface to transfer the residue from the endless cleaning surface to a collection element.

Abstract: An example apparatus for determining dryness of an agent on print media includes an infrared prism, a source of infrared radiation to direct infrared radiation into the infrared prism, and a detector. The infrared prism includes a surface, the surface having an outer side to contact a portion of the agent on the print media, the infrared prism having a refractive index that is higher than a refractive index of the agent. The source of infrared radiation is to direct infrared radiation into the infrared prism and onto an inner side of the surface. The detector is to generate a signal based on infrared radiation reflected by the inner side of the surface to indicate the dryness of the portion of the agent.

Abstract: In an example, a print apparatus comprises an intermediate transfer member to receive thermoplastic print agent from a photoconductive surface, a rotatably mounted endless cleaning surface to receive a layer of thermoplastic print agent from the intermediate transfer member and a heater, to heat the endless cleaning surface. The endless cleaning surface may be to engage with the intermediate transfer member when heated to transfer residue from the intermediate transfer member to the layer of thermoplastic print agent on the endless cleaning surface.

Abstract: Systems and methods in which dot-like portions of a material (e.g., a viscous material such as a solder paste) are printed or otherwise transferred onto an intermediate substrate at a first printing unit, the intermediate substrate having the dot-like portions of material printed thereon is transferred to a second printing unit, and the dot-like portions of material are transferred from the intermediate substrate to a final substrate at the second printing unit. Optionally, the first printing unit includes a coating system that creates a uniform layer of the material on a donor substrate, and the material is transferred in the individual dot-like portions from the donor substrate onto the intermediate substrate at the first printing unit. Each of the first and second printing units may employ a variety of printing or other transfer technologies. The system may also include material curing and imaging units to aid in the overall process.

Abstract: In an example of the disclosure, a blanket servicing system includes a rotatably mounted endless cleaning surface and a scraper. The endless cleaning surface is to have a first engagement with a blanket to obtain a layer of thermoplastic print agent from the blanket. The endless cleaning surface is to have a second engagement with the blanket to receive residue from the blanket onto the layer of thermoplastic print agent. The scraper is to scrape the endless cleaning surface to transfer the residue from the endless cleaning surface to a collection element.

Abstract: In an example, a method includes determining an indication of pixel separation for an image region to be printed to a substrate. A power level of a laser light source to address a pixel on a region of a photoconductive surface corresponding to the image region may be adjusted based on the indication of pixel separation to compensate for print spot size variation associated with pixel separation.

Abstract: Herein are describes liquid electrophotographic ink compositions and methods for producing liquid electrophotographic ink composition. The liquid electrophotographic ink compositions may be producing using a method comprising: grinding a resin and a pigment to form a paste; reacting an aluminium C12-24 carboxylate and a molecule having a molecular weight (Mw) of less than about 1000 and comprising a functional group selected from an amide, an ester, a carboxylic acid, an amine, an imide and combinations thereof to form a charge promoting component; and combining the paste and the charge promoting component to form a liquid electrophotographic ink.