Abstract: An identity verification apparatus includes a light source for applying light that can pass through an object to be detected and having a fingerprints to the object to be detected, an image pickup unit for picking up light emitted from the light source and passing through projections of the fingerprint and light emitted from the light source and passing through depressions of the fingerprint, and for generating a fingerprint image including dark portions corresponding to the projections and bright portions corresponding to the depressions, and a signal processing unit for image processing the fingerprint image generated by the image pickup unit to generate fingerprint information, and for verifying an identity based on the fingerprint information.

Abstract: In an optical encoder comprising an optical scale in which a light transmission portion and a light non-transparent portion are arranged and an output pattern obtained by emitting an incident light functions as an optical code, a light source portion and a light detecting portion, the light non-transparent portion is constituted of at least one pair of inclined surfaces which are opposed in such a manner as to become farther away from each other towards the side where the incident light enters and set so that an incident angle of the optical axis of the incident light from the light source should not be smaller than a critical angle of incidence, and the light non-transparent portion is constructed so that the incident light which enters one inclined surface should be totally reflected thereon to enter the other inclined surface and then at least part of the incident light should be reflected on the other inclined surface, and a reflected light which is reflected on the other inclined surface should not enter

Abstract: An optical encoder includes an incoherent light source; a first grating, which is an amplitude grating having a first grating period, for spatial amplitude modulation of the incoherent light from the light source; a second grating, which is a phase grating having a second grating period, for spatial phase modulation of light from the first grating; a third grating, which is an amplitude grating having a third grating period, for spatial amplitude modulation of light from the second grating; and a light detecting element for detecting light from the third grating. The encoder detects relative displacement between the respective gratings. The optical transfer function from the light source to the light detecting element is enhanced, and the efficiency in utilizing light is improved.

Abstract: In an optical encoder comprising an optical scale in which a light transmission portion and a light non-transparent portion are arranged and an output pattern obtained by emitting an incident light functions as an optical code, a light source portion and a light detecting portion, the light non-transparent portion is constituted of at least one pair of inclined surfaces which are opposed in such a manner as to become farther away from each other towards the side where the incident light enters and set so that an incident angle of the optical axis of the incident light from the light source should not be smaller than a critical angle of incidence, and the light non-transparent portion is constructed so that the incident light which enters one inclined surface should be totally reflected thereon to enter the other inclined surface and then at least part of the incident light should be reflected on the other inclined surface, and a reflected light which is reflected on the other inclined surface should not enter

Abstract: In an optical encoder comprising an optical scale in which a light transmission portion and a light non-transparent portion are arranged and an output pattern obtained by emitting an incident light functions as an optical code, a light source portion and a light detecting portion, the light non-transparent portion is constituted of at least one pair of inclined surfaces which are opposed in such a manner as to become farther away from each other towards the side where the incident light enters and set so that an incident angle of the optical axis of the incident light from the light source should not be smaller than a critical angle of incidence, and the light non-transparent portion is constructed so that the incident light which enters one inclined surface should be totally reflected thereon to enter the other inclined surface and then at least part of the incident light should be reflected on the other inclined surface, and a reflected light which is reflected on the other inclined surface should not enter

Abstract: An optical encoder includes an incoherent light source; a first grating, which is an amplitude grating having a first grating period, for spatial amplitude modulation of the incoherent light from the light source; a second grating, which is a phase grating having a second grating period, for spatial phase modulation of light from the first grating; a third grating, which is an amplitude grating having a third grating period, for spatial amplitude modulation of light from the second grating; and a light detecting element for detecting lights from the third grating. The encoder detects relative displacement between the respective gratings. The optical transfer function from the light source to the light detecting element is enhanced, and the efficiency in utilizing light is improved.

Abstract: In an optical encoder comprising an optical scale in which a light transmission portion and a light non-transparent portion are arranged and an output pattern obtained by emitting an incident light functions as an optical code, a light source portion and a light detecting portion, the light non-transparent portion is constituted of at least one pair of inclined surfaces which are opposed in such a manner as to become farther away from each other towards the side where the incident light enters and set so that an incident angle of the optical axis of the incident light from the light source should not be smaller than a critical angle of incidence, and the light non-transparent portion is constructed so that the incident light which enters one inclined surface should be totally reflected thereon to enter the other inclined surface and then at least part of the incident light should be reflected on the other inclined surface, and a reflected light which is reflected on the other inclined surface should not enter

Abstract: An optical distance sensor includes a first substrate provided with a light emitting element and a light detecting element, a one-piece optical structure body on a second substrate, the optical structure body having optical elements for converging incident light in a direction parallel to a surface of the second substrate and for converging an outgoing light beam from the light emitting element and a light beam reflected by an object in the direction parallel to the surface of the second substrate, and lenses for converging incident light in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the second substrate and for converging the outgoing light beam from the light emitting element and the light beam reflected by the object in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the second substrate, respectively.

Abstract: A photoelectric rotary encoder includes a light source that emits a light beam, a returning section that returns the emitted light beam to a direction opposite to an emitting direction of the beam, and a photodetector that is disposed on a substrate on which the light source is disposed and that detects the returned light beam via a disk having a detection pattern section. The photoelectric rotary encoder detects rotational displacement of the disk based on the detected returned light beam. In this photoelectric rotary encoder, an optical element that lets a stray beam component of the light beam from the light source escape via a side surface of the optical element, is disposed in front of the substrate on which the light source and the photodetector are disposed. The optical element covers the substrate and integrates the optical element and the substrate.

Abstract: A scale generates a periodic light-intensity distribution pattern having a pitch upon irradiation by emission light from a light source. Light-detecting element groups are shifted relative to the scale to generate phase signals having fixed phase differences. Light-detecting elements are adjacently positioned to have the same phase to form each light-detecting element group. Area centers of gravity on a phase axis of the light-detecting element groups having a fixed phase difference are made coincident with each other.

Abstract: A sensor head includes a first substrate provided with a light emitting element and a light detecting element, a one-piece optical structure body on a second substrate, the optical structure body having optical elements for converging incident light in a direction parallel to a surface of the second substrate and for converging an outgoing beam from the light emitting element and a light beam reflected by an object in the direction parallel to the surface of the second substrate, and lenses for converging incident light in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the second substrate and for converging the outgoing beam from the light emitting element and the light beam reflected by the object in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the second substrate, respectively.

Abstract: A scale (104) generates a periodical light-intensity distribution pattern having a predetermined pitch (P) with irradiation of emission light from a light source (102). A plurality of light-receiving element groups are shifted relative to the scale to generate phase signals having predetermined phase differences. A plurality of light receiving elements are adjacently positioned to have the same phase to form each light-receiving element group. Area centers of gravity (28,29; 38,39) on a phase axis (109) of a plurality of the light-receiving element groups having a predetermined relationship in phase difference are made coincident with each other.

Abstract: An identity verification apparatus includes a light source for applying light that can pass through an object to be detected having a fingerprint to the object to be detected, an image pickup unit for picking up both light emitted out of the light source and passing through projections of the fingerprint and light emitted out of the light source and passing through depressions of the fingerprint, and for generating a fingerprint image including dark portions corresponding to the projections and bright portions corresponding to the depressions, and a signal processing unit for performing image processing on the fingerprint image generated by the image pickup unit so as to generate fingerprint information, and for verifying an identity based on the fingerprint information.

Abstract: A photoelectric rotary encoder includes a light source that emits a beam, a returning section that returns the emitted beam to a direction opposite to a emitting direction of the beam, and a photodetector that is disposed on a substrate on which the light source is disposed and that receives the returned beam via a disk having a detection pattern section. The photoelectric rotary encoder detects a rotation displacement of the disk based on the received signal. In this photoelectric rotary encoder, an optical element that lets a stray beam component of the beam from the light source escape to the outside via the side surface of the optical element, is disposed in front of the substrate on which the light source and the photodetector are disposed. The optical element covers the substrate to integrate the optical element and the substrate together.

Abstract: An irregular pattern detector includes a first optical system, a transparent light guide body and a second optical system. The first optical system has a light source. The transparent light guide body has an incident face receiving incident light from the light source of the first optical system, a detection face facing the incident face for placing of a subject having an irregular pattern, a curved surface reflecting scattered light from the detection face, an optical absorbing face facing the curved surface and having an opening outputting light reflected from the curved surface. The second optical system, such as an imaging lens, guides the light from the opening of the optical absorbing face of the transparent light guide body to a camera device. This irregular pattern detector can be scaled down, and can produced precise images without any deformation.

Abstract: An elevator system has a pair of horizontally opposed vertical surfaces defining therebetween a doorway or opening to an elevator cage and a door moving horizontally to open and close the opening. In particular, the system has a first optical device having a light emitter for emitting light and a second optical device having a light receiver for receiving the light emitted from the light emitter. The first and second optical devices are positioned in a vertical plane crossing the opening and adjacent to the opening. One of the first and second optical devices is positioned below the other of the first and second optical devices and mounted in the vertical surface.

Abstract: The improved filler metal for use in the welding of Ni—Cr—W alloys that are excellent in high-temperature strength and corrosion resistance and which are used in the hot-zone structures of high-temperature gas-cooled reactors, gas turbines, etc comprises on a mass basis C≦0.05%, Mn≦0.1%, Si≦0.1% (Mn+Si≦0.1%), Cr=17-20%, W=20-23% (Cr+W=39-43%), Ti=0.02-0.1%, Zr≦0.03%, Y≦0.015%, B=0.0003-0.01%, Al≦0.1%, Mg≦0.05%, Nb≦0.06% (10Zr+10B+5Nb+2Y≦0.3%), the balance being Ni and incidental impurities.

Abstract: A sensor head includes a first substrate provided with a light emitting element and a light receiving element, an optical structure body formed in one piece on a second substrate, the optical structure body having a plurality of optical elements intended for converging incident light in a parallel direction to a surface of the second substrate, for converging an outgoing beam from the light emitting element and a light beam reflected by an object to be measured in the parallel direction to the surface of the second substrate, and lenses intended for converging incident light in a perpendicular direction to the surface of the second substrate, for converging the outgoing beam from the light emitting element and the light beam reflected by the object to be measured in the perpendicular direction to the surface of the second substrate, respectively.

Abstract: An elevator system has a pair of horizontally opposed vertical surfaces defining therebetween a doorway or opening to an elevator cage and a door moving horizontally to open and close the opening. In particular, the system has a first optical device having a light emitter for emitting light and a second optical device having a light receiver for receiving the light emitted from the light emitter. The first and second optical devices are positioned in a vertical plane crossing the opening and adjacent to the opening. One of the first and second optical devices is positioned below the other of the first and second optical devices and mounted in the vertical surface.

Abstract: An interference-type distance measuring device generates a reference beam having a first frequency and detection beam having a second frequency and directs these beams toward a moving detection unit which reflects these beams toward an interference system, where these beams are used to generate a detection interference wave. A reference interference wave generated by the interference system is converted into a first sine-wave signal, the interference detection wave is converted into a second sine-wave signal, first and second cosine-wave signals are generated from the first and second sine-wave signals, and the position of the motion detection unit is detected based upon these four signals.