Abstract: An optical position detector having an excellent detection characteristic at long measurement distance is achieved by a structure including an input optical fiber, output optical fibers, a slab light guide which is disposed on a substrate and has a branched light guide, a first cylindrical lens which converts an optical path of light emerging from the slab light guide and which condenses the light on a surface to be detected, and a second cylindrical lens which converts an optical path of light reflected from the surface to be detected and which guides the light to the slab light guide.

Abstract: A a sheet supplying apparatus includes a sheet holding member adapted to hold a plurality of sheets and having a regulating wall for regulating movement of the sheets in a sheet supplying direction, a sucker member for absorbing with a vacuum force an uppermost sheet among the sheets held by the sheet holding member, and a pressure reducer for reducing pressure in the sucker. In addition, a driver drives the sucker member to convey the sheet absorbed by the vacuum, a height detector detects a height position of the uppermost sheet, and a sheet urging member urges the sheets in a sheet stacking direction and moves the sheet toward the regulating wall. The sheet member urges means urging the uppermost sheet with predetermined pressure on the basis of the detected height position.

Abstract: A detecting unit provided with an optical system is disposed away from a control unit formed by an electric circuit and an optical transmission/receiving means, and the detecting unit and the control unit are coupled through a transmission optical fiber. The control unit transmits to the detecting unit through the optical fiber a light wave which was subjected to the intensity modulation by a sinusoidal wave of a predetermined frequency. The transmitted light wave is branched into at least two branched optical paths within the detecting unit thereby to perform the phase modulation as to the respective light waves. The light waves passed through the respective branched optical paths are subjected to the phase modulation by the sinusoidal waves which differ in phase 1/4 period by 1/4 period from one another according to a position on a straight line or a rotation angle of a subject to be detected.

Abstract: An apparatus for supplying sheets has a sheet containing portion containing a number of sheets therein, a conveying mechanism for absorbing the uppermost one of the number of sheets in the sheet containing portion, and taking the absorbed sheet out of the sheet containing portion, and a protuberance absorbing portion provided in the sheet containing portion, the absorbing portion being adapted to absorb the partial protuberance of the number of sheets during at least the sheet absorbing by the conveying mechanism.

Abstract: In a step of spinning a molten mesophase pitch in a process for manufacturing a pitch-type carbon fiber, the pitch is allowed to pass through an orifice and to be contracted once, is then expanded in an introduction port with a diameter greater than that of the orifice, and is then allowed to pass through an outlet pore formed at a collecting portion to spin the pitch. The pitch-type carbon fiber has a high elastic modulus in tension and high compressive strength.

Abstract: Disclosed is a roller unit comprising a roller rotatable about a shaft, a bearing for supporting the shaft, and a mechanism for imparting a pre-load to the bearing, characterized in that the mechanism has structure capable of varying the pre-load. This roller unit is mounted on the frame of an imaging apparatus or the like, and is designed such that during the mounting thereof, the pre-load becomes great to thereby eliminate the play (backlash) of the bearing.

Abstract: The present invention provides a sheet convey apparatus comprising a first pair of convey means at least one of which has a driving force and which are adapted to pinch and convey a sheet, a second pair of convey means at least one of which has a driving force and which are adapted to pinch and convey the sheet and which are disposed at a downstream side of and adjacent to the first pair of convey means, and a third pair of convey means at least one of which has a driving force and which are adapted to pinch and convey the sheet and which are disposed at a downstream side of and adjacent to the second pair of convey means and wherein a conveying direction of the second pair of convey means is different from those of the first and third pair convey means other than a right angle.

Abstract: The improved superalloy that possesses all the characteristics required of the high-temperature structural material of high-temperature gas-cooled reactors (i.e., high-temperature strength, corrosion resistance, good producibility, good hot workability and resistance to embrittlement due to thermal aging) consists essentially of 16-28% Cr, 15-24% W (provided that Cr+W=39-44%), 0.01-0.1% Zr, 0.001-0.015% Y, 0.0005-0.01% B, up to 0.05% C, up to 0.1% Si, up to 0.1% Mn (provided that Si+Mn.ltoreq.0.1%), up to 0.1% Ti, up to 0.1% Al and up to 0.1% Nb (provided that Ti+Al.ltoreq.0.1% and Ti+Al+Nb.ltoreq.0.15%), with the balance being Ni and inevitable impurities and all percentages being on a weight basis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical rotary encoder for detecting a position optically. In the optical rotary encoder of the invention, a light beam reflected by a half mirror enters a deflector, whereby it is reflected while being deflected in a certain direction. The reflected light beam again enters the half mirror. Transmitted light from the half mirror enters a position detector, in which a light spot is formed on an annular photodiode. The path of the reflected light from the deflector forms a cone having a vertical angle which is twice the angle of deflection of the deflector. The position detector is disposed perpendicularly to the optical axis of the reflected light in the case of the deflection angle being 0.degree. and with the center of the annular photodiode made coincident with the said optical axis. A suitable distance between the deflector and the photodiode is selected so that a light spot is radiated onto the photodiode.

Abstract: An irregular pattern input device includes an optical fiber bundle in which an entrance surface and an exit surface are respectively formed at both ends thereof. Lighting means emits irradiation light so as to provide a light pattern according to a convex portion of a subject in contact with the entrance surface, and according to a concave portion of the subject in no contact with the entrance surface. In this case, an angle of incidence of the irradiation light is set to be larger than a critical angle on an interface between a core portion of each optical fiber of the optical fiber bundle and the air. It is thereby possible to provide total reflection on the entrance surface in no contact with the concave portion of the subject, and non-total reflection on the entrance surface in contact with the convex portion of the subject, resulting in reflected light having a light pattern according to an irregular pattern.

Abstract: Magneto-optical disk recording and reproducing devices and actuators and distance detectors for use therewith are disclosed. The mageneto-optical disk device comprises, in addition to the usual elements, a bimorph type actuator or an electromagnetic actuator for driving the magnetic head of the magneto-optical disk device. The bimorph actuator has a metallic shim whose width varies with respect to the longitudinal distance inversely porportional to the normal function of the first or the second free natural vibration mode. Alternatively, the bimorph type actuator have a recess formed on a bimorph element to expose a piezoelectric crystal which outputs a voltage corresponding to the acceleration of the vibration of the actuator; the driver circuit of the actuator reduces the driving voltage when the frequency of the voltage generated at the recess comes into the neighborhood of a higher resonance frequency of the actuator.

Abstract: A system of drying moist sludge includes a drier as a main component. The drier is composed of a lower gas fluidizing section and an upper high speed fluidizing section. Moist sludge to be be dried is introduced into a mixer in which each particle is coated with the moist sludge, and the coated particles are supplied to the gas fluidizing section. Fine particles flown away from the gas fluidizing section are fluidized in the high speed fluidizing section while they are dried by heating elements. After completion of the drying operation, dried sludge particles are collected in a dust collector. Subsequently, fine dried sludge particles are conducted to a bag type dust collecting unit from which they are discharged to a sludge hopper. A part of the coarse dried sludge particles collected in the dust collector is supplied to the gas fluidizing section, a part of the same is supplied to the mixer to be mixed with moist sludge, and the balance is delivered to the sludge hopper.

Abstract: A liquid crystal light valve has a photoconductive layer between a pair of electrodes, and a liquid crystal layer. The resistivity of the photoconductive layer at the portion which is irradiated with light is reduced by partial light irradiation. By applying a voltage between the electrodes in this state, the voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer in the portion which is irradiated with light and the crystalline structure at this portion is changed, thereby enabling image data writing. The photoconductive layer is a laminate of an amorphous Si film and an inorganic insulating film disposed on the electrode side, which structure suppresses the carrier injection from the electrode to the amorphous Si film. The polarity of a voltage for writing image data into the liquid crystal light valve is inverted for every horizontal scanning operation. That is, writing of black portions on a white background and writing of white portions on a black background are alternately executed.

Abstract: A large-size screen display apparatus, having a plurality of projection display devices arrayed in a matrix arrangement to form one large screen, is for displaying characters and the like. A screen of each projection display device consists of a transparent plate disposed on the light entrance side and a diffusing surface disposed on the viewing side. Further, and the periphery of the transparent plate is mounted to a housing of the display apparatus. Light rays emanated from a projection lens are reflected by the transparent plate, whereby an optical image is formed on the entire diffusing screen. Since the optical image is displayed on the entire surface of the diffusing screen, no non-display areas will appear on the screen even when the plurality of projection display device are arranged in the matrix array.

Abstract: Magneto-optical disk recording and reproducing devices and actuators and distance detectors for use therewith are disclosed. The magneto-optical disk device includes a bimorph type actuator or an electromagnetic actuator for driving the magnetic head of the magneto-optical disk device. The bimorph actuator has a metallic shim having a width that varies with respect to the longitudinal distance in inverse proportion to the normal function of the first or the second free natural vibration mode. Alternatively, the bimorph type actuator has a recess formed on a bimorph element to expose a piezoelectric portion which outputs a voltage corresponding to the acceleration of the vibration of the actuator. The driver circuit of the actuator reduces the driving voltage when the frequency of the voltage generated at the recess comes into the neighborhood of a higher resonance frequency of the actuator.

Abstract: A liquid crystal light valve has a photoconductive layer between a pair of electrodes, and a liquid crystal layer. The resistivity of the photoconductive layer at the portion which is irradiated with light is reduced by partial light irradiation. By applying a voltage between the electrodes in this state, the voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer in the portion which is irradiated with light and the crystalline structure at this portion is changed, thereby enabling image data writing. The photoconductive layer is a laminate of an amorphous Si film and an inorganic insulating film disposed on the electrode side, which structure suppresses the carrier injection from the electrode to the amorphous Si film. The polarity of a voltage for writing image data into the liquid crystal light valve is inverted for every horizontal scanning operation. That is, writing of black portions on a white background and writing of white portions on a black background are alternately executed.

Abstract: A chord truss roof includes a ring-girder, cross beams arranged radially around the ring-girder, chord members stretched between the respective cross beams and the ring-girder. The roof supports itself by tensioning the chord members. The ring-girder has an upper compression ring, a lower tension ring, and plural struts connecting the two rings. The chord members arranged opposite one another with both end portions of the tension ring interposed therebetween are connected to the corresponding end portions of the tension ring, and are joined to one another via connection members which are disposed between both end portions of the tension ring. Further, each strut is provided along a line which bisects the angle made by a corresponding chord member and the plane defined by the tension ring.

Abstract: With the conventional radiating truss roof support array, the inner-truss connecting members form multiple complete rings radiating from the central portion of the roof to the periphery at fixed intervals. When tension is applied to the periphery of the roof, a constricting annular compression is generated in each of the concentric rings of inner-truss connecting members. By this mechanism, the tension applied to the periphery is somewhat dissipated, and a less than optimal effect on the curvature of the dome of the roof is achieved for a given amount of tension applied to the periphery. The present invention concerns a radiating truss roof support array constructed in such a manner as to eliminate the above described problem of induced annular constriction in the concentric rings of inner-truss connecting members.

Abstract: The improved superalloy that possesses all the characteristics required of the high-temperature structural material of high-temperature gas-cooled reactors (i.e., high-temperature strength, corrosion resistance, good productibility, good hot workability and resistance to embrittlement due to thermal aging) consists essentially of 16-28% Cr. 15-24% W (provided that Cr+W=39-44%), 0.01-0.1% Zr, 0.001-0.015% Y, 0.0005-0.01% B, up to 0.05% C, up to 0.1% Si, up to 0.1% Mn (provided that Si+Mn.gtoreq.0.1%), up to 0.1% Ti, up to 0.1% Al and up to 0.1% Nb (provided that Ti+Al.gtoreq.0.1% and Ti+Al+Nb.gtoreq.0.15%), with the balance being Ni and inevitable impurities and all percentages being on a weight basis.

Abstract: In an openable roof apparatus for a space, a stationary support structure is arranged about the space. A movable roof structure is supported by the stationary support structure and is movable with respect thereto. The movable roof structure having a first movable roof section and a second swing roof section. The second swing roof section is movable angularly about the central axis of the space with respect to the first movable roof section and is capable of being overlapped therewith. A guide arrangement is arranged on the stationary support structure and extends perpendicularly to a central axis of the space. The first movable roof section and the second swing roof section, which are overlapped with each other, are movable along the guide arrangement toward and away from the space.