Abstract: Carbon black is pelleted by combining loose carbon black with an aqueous pelleting liquid and agitating the mixture. Additional loose carbon black is added in a series of increments, followed by additional aqueous pelleting liquid containing an additive such as ammonium lignin sulfonate. The process produces layered pellets having a hardened outer shell. In another embodiment, an oil is added following the incremental addition of the loose carbon black in order to produce pellets which have a dust-free surface.

Abstract: A considerable reduction in modulus, as well as a significant increase in scorch time of a carbon black-containing rubber composition is obtained if the carbon black has been previously oxidized with a very diluted aqueous nitric acid containing only about 0.05 to 1 wt. % of HNO.sub.3 and dried at a temperature of about 400.degree. to 550.degree. F.

Abstract: A carbon black with a tint residual below -6 in a rubber composition causes the hysteresis or heat buildup of such a rubber composition to be significantly lower than that of a rubber composition incorporating a carbon black with a higher tint residual, while the abrasion resistance of such rubber compositions incorporating these different blacks remains essentially unchanged. Tint residual is the difference between the measured tint and the tint calculated from the structure, nitrogen surface area and CTAB surface area in accordance with a specific formula disclosed.

Abstract: A carbon black producing apparatus is provided in which a quench fluid is introduced into a reaction zone for cooling hot smoke which contains solid carbon black particles which are produced by the pyrolysis of a carbon black make hydrocarbon by the heating of same with a combusted air/fuel mixture. The quench fluid is introduced into the reaction zone in a generally tangential direction and in a direction counterrotational to the direction of the vortex flow of the hot smoke flowing along the length of the reaction zone. The cooled smoke is passed to a heat exchanger for further cooling of the smoke after which the smoke is separated into an off-gas phase and a carbon black particle phase by filtering means. The carbon black can then be pelleted and dried for use.

Abstract: Various carbon black reactors having triangular cross-sections generate a highly turbulent flow of the reactants therein to produce high-tint carbon black.

Abstract: Carbon black is pelleted by combining loose carbon black with an aqueous pelleting liquid and agitating the mixture. Additional loose carbon black is added in a series of increments, followed by additional aqueous pelleting liquid. The process produces layered pellets.

Abstract: Axial hydrocarbon oil feed surrounded by axial air is charged to a hemispherically-shaped inlet-end carbon black reactor. Hot combustion gases are added via an outer annulus surrounding the downstream end of the reactor. Product smoke is recovered via a central annular zone and passed to conventional recovery, after water quench, e.g. to filtration, wet pelleting and drying of the wet pellets.