Abstract: There is provided an optical-fiber; and a cylinder body which is made from a cylindrically formed belt-shaped material and made of resin and which accommodates the optical-fiber therein.

Abstract: An optical fiber cable in which optical fiber ribbon stack can be accommodated in a cylindrical space efficiently and which has excellent loss characteristic. A plurality of optical fiber ribbons 1 are stacked. Cushioning fillers 2 are disposed around the optical fiber ribbon stack 1. The optical fiber ribbon stack 1 and the cushioning fillers 2 are accommodated in a cylindrical member 3. The space factor of the cushioning fillers in the inner space of the cylindrical member as a remainder after removal of the optical fiber ribbon stack from the inner space is from 10 to 60%. Consequently, the optical fiber cable becomes excellent both in initial transmission loss and in loss increasing characteristic at a low temperature.

Abstract: In the optical cable in accordance with the present invention, the reversal angle &phgr; from one reverse portion to the next reverse portion in an S-Z type helical groove is at least 180 degrees; and, letting W, T, and n be the width and thickness of each optical fiber ribbon and the number of stacked sheets of optical fiber ribbons, respectively, and a and b be the width and depth of the helical groove, respectively, at least each reverse portion of the helical groove has a cross-sectional form satisfying: nT<a≦{square root over (W2+L +(nT+L )2+L )}  (1) W<b  (2) whereas the remaining portion of the helical groove has a cross-sectional form satisfying: {square root over (W2+L +(nT+L )2+L )}<min(a, b)  (3).

Abstract: An optical cable has a plurality of optical fibers. The optical fibers are contained in fiber containing cavities of chamber elements. Each chamber element has a bottom part and a pair of side wall parts, which defines a fiber containing cavity. The individual chamber elements containing the optical fibers are assembled around a thickening layer in an S-Z strand. Each side wall part is formed such that its thickness gradually decreases from its base end portion toward free end portion. Also, the thickness of the bottom part is greater than the thickness of each side wall part.

Abstract: An optical cable has an S-Z stranded part in which plurality of chamber elements containing optical fibers are assembled around a central member in an S-Z strand in the state where their bottom faces are in contact with the central member. Each chamber element has such a characteristic that its flexural rigidity in the depth direction of its fiber containing cavity is smaller than that in the widthwise direction thereof. Assuming, of distortion energy of the chamber element in an S-Z reverse portion within the S-Z stranded part, the distortion energy in the case where the bottom face of the chamber element is in contact with the central member to be U.sub.1, and the distortion energy in the case where a side face of the chamber element is in contact with the central member to be U.sub.2, a relational expression of .DELTA.U=U.sub.1 -U.sub.2 .ltoreq.0.2(mJ/mm) is satisfied.

Abstract: An apparatus for separating a ribbon-coated multicore optical fiber at a plurality of positions at once, wherein the ribbon-coated multicore optical fiber includes a number of single-core fibers arranged in parallel. This apparatus comprises a first cutting member in which a plurality of sets of arc faces opposed to each other by way of a through path for inserting the ribbon-coated multicore optical fiber are disposed along the through path, while the arc faces in the respective sets extend from one side section of the through path halfway through the width direction of the through path; a second cutting member having a plurality of arc faces which continuously extend to and are adapted to join with the respective arc faces of the first cutting member in the width direction of the through path; and guide members which are respectively disposed at both end positions of the through path so as to position the ribbon-coated multicore optical fiber inserted into the through path.

Abstract: An optical waveguide component includes at least one main waveguide through which signal light and regenerating light propagate and a branch waveguide branching from the main waveguide, which are formed on the same substrate; a filter element disposed at a branch portion of these waveguides; and a plurality of reflecting elements having two reflecting faces, which are arranged in the extending direction of the branch waveguide. In the optical waveguide component, one reflecting face of the two reflecting faces is a face for reflecting the regenerating light to the filter element, and the other face is a face for reflecting the regenerating light to the direction deviating from the light axis direction of the branch waveguide, or the intervals between the reflecting elements are different from each other. This optical waveguide component enables the time-series signal processing of regenerating light to be performed accurately.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes a capacitor and an insulating separation area in a trench formed around a switching transistor, with a storage electrode of the capacitor being sandwiched between an upper and a lower cell plate electrode to reduce leakage current due to the parasitic MOS transistor effect in the trench sidewall along the channel in the switching transistor and leakage current due to the gate-controlled diode effect in the trench sidewall. Also, a method is disclosed for manufacturing such semiconductor memory device.

Abstract: In a part-time four-wheel drive vehicle, and electric control apparatus for a transfer device in drive connection to a front or rear differential is arranged to permit selection of the four-wheel drive mode at the transfer device during travel of the vehicle in the two-wheel drive mode only in a condition where travel speed of the vehicle and temperature of lubricating oil in the differential are in a predetermined allowable region. The allowable region is defined to permit engagement of a clutch mechanism in the transfer drive mode without causing any heavy load acting thereon.

Abstract: In a part-time four-wheel drive vehicle equipped with a transfer device adapted to change the operating mode of the vehicle drive system from a two-wheel drive mode to a four-wheel drive mode in response to engagement of a hydraulically operated clutch mechanism provided therein and with a split axle drive mechanism in the form of a differential which includes a clutch mechanism disengageable for disconnecting a pair of side shafts of the differential from a set of non-driven split axle parts when the two-wheel drive mode is selected at the transfer device and engageable for connecting the side shafts to the non-driven split axle parts when the four-wheel drive mode is selected at the transfer device, a control system for the split axle drive mechanism includes a pressure switch arranged to detect a hydraulic pressure applied to the clutch mechanism of the transfer device to be operated when applied with a predetermined hydraulic pressure after engagement of the clutch mechanism of the transfer device and an

Abstract: A split axle drive mechanism for a part-time four-wheel drive vehicle comprises a fist axle shaft connected to one side gear of a differential, a first output member arranged to be connected to the first axle shaft, a second axle shaft axially slidably connected to the other side gear, a second output member arranged to be connected to the second axle shaft, a clutch mechanism disengageable for disconnecting the first axle shaft from the first output member when the vehicle is in a two-wheel drive mode and engageable for connecting the first axle shaft to the first output member when the vehicle is in a four-wheel drive mode, a connecting rod axially slidably disposed in the axle shafts and having one end operatively connected with the clutch mechanism and another end connected with the second axle shaft, a coupling mechanism for connecting the second axle shaft to the second output member in response to engagement of the clutch mechanism, and a shift mechanism arranged to axially translate a clutch sleeve of

Abstract: A casing accommodating a liquid is divided by a partitioning member into two sections. The partitioning member is secured to either an engine or vehicle body,and the walls of the two sections facing the partitioning member are secured to the enging or vehicle body, to which the partitioning member is not secured. The partitioning member is provided with an orifice mechanism which can vary the state of communication between the two sections. When the engine is going to roll, the orifice mechanism is controlled to restrict the communication between the two sections to increase the damping force, whereby the rolling of the engine is prevented.

Abstract: A transmission unit comprises a differential gear unit having a pair of side-journals rotatably supported by a pair of axially spaced side-bearings carried on a pair of carrier portions of a casing for the transmission unit, a pair of wheel axles extending outwardly through the respective side-journals from the differential gear unit in an opposite direction and surrounded by a pair of annular seal members carried on the respective carrier portions, a pair of annular shim plates interposed between each of the carrier portions and each of the side-bearings, and a pair of oil passages for leading lubricating oil into a pair of annular side-spaces formed around each of the wheel axles between the respective side-bearings and the respective seal members.