Abstract: An ink jet printing head comprising a nozzle plate having a plurality of nozzles successively arranged in a row. An airflow chamber is in communication with the nozzles for discharging air and ink therethrough to a writing surface and connected to a source of pressurized air for causing an airstream to make sharp turns at the entry into the nozzles creating a plurality of sharp pressure gradients. A liquid chamber is located behind the airflow chamber and connected to a source of ink. A meniscus forming member is located between the air and liquid chambers for causing the ink to form at least one meniscus by surface tension over an area extending parallel with the row of nozzles. Under the influence of the pressure gradients the meniscus of the ink is contoured into a plurality of surfaces convexed toward the nozzles.

Abstract: An ink jet printing head comprises laminar airflow chamber having a front channel through which a combined stream of air and ink droplets is discharged toward a writing surface, and a rear channel axially aligned with the front channel connected to a source of liquid. The chamber is further provided with an air intake connected to a pressurized air supply source for directing an airstream to a point between the front and rear channels so that the airstream makes a sharp turn at the entry into the front channel with the result that a sharp pressure gradient is produced in the liquid discharge path. An electrode is provided for establishing a field between the front channel and the liquid's meniscus at the exit end of the rear channel to cause the latter to extend toward the front channel by combined effects of the potential and pressure gradients and to be torn apart into a droplet which is carried by the airstream discharged through the front channel.

Abstract: At least a part of the portion of a cleaning device to contact to the image retaining portion in a copying machine of a transferring system is composed of conductive composite fibers consisting of at least one conductive layer containing conductive fine particles and at least one nonconductive layer.

Abstract: Conductive composite filaments in which a conductive component composed of a synthetic thermoplastic fiber-forming polymer containing conductive carbon black and a non-conductive component composed of a synthetic thermoplastic fiber-forming polymer which is same as or different from the former polymer are continuously bonded in the longitudinal direction and in the cross-section the segments of the above described conductive component are radially extended to at least two directions and the segments of the above described non-conductive component fill between the conductive segments.

Abstract: Conductive composite filaments in which a conductive component composed of a synthetic thermoplastic fiber-forming polymer containing conductive carbon black and a non-conductive component composed of a synthetic thermoplastic fiber-forming polymer which is same as or different from the former polymer are continuously bonded in the longitudinal direction and in the cross-section the segments of the above described conductive component are radially extended to at least two directions and the segments of the above described non-conductive component fill between the conductive segments.