Abstract: A multilayered electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising at least a charge generation layer containing a charge generation material and a charge transport layer containing a charge transport material in this order, on a conductive support, wherein the charge transport layer contains, as the charge transport material, an amine type compound represented by the following formula (I): wherein R1 to R9, which may be the same or different, respectively represent a hydrogen atom; a halogen atom; or an alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl or alkoxy group which may have a substituent, provided that either one of R2 and R3 represents —N(Ar1)(Ar2); and Ar1 to Ar4, which may be the same or different, respectively represent an aromatic hydrocarbon residue or an aromatic heterocyclic residue which may have a substituent, and Ar1 and Ar2, or Ar3 and Ar4 may be combined with each other to form a condensed ring; and has photosensitive properties in coherent light of wavelength range from 400 to 450 nm.

Abstract: There is provided an organic photoconductive material that can realize an electrophotographic photoreceptor which is not only excellent in charge transporting ability but also excellent in solubility in a solvent and compatibility with a resin and moreover, which is excellent in both electric properties and durability, and the organic photoconductive material that is useful also as a raw material compound for various types of functional materials. An asymmetric bis-hydroxyenamine compound represented by the following structural formula (1aa) is provided. The compound is allowed to be contained in a charge transporting layer or a surface protective layer of an electrophotographic photoreceptor. This leads realization of the electrophotographic photoreceptor which is excellent in electric properties and durability and can stably form an image of high quality being free of an image defect such as a black spot.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor containing at least a charge generation material and a charge transport material on a conductive support, the electrophotographic photoconductor comprising a diamine compound represented by the formula (1), and also a polyarylate resin having a structural unit represented by the following formula (I).

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a microneedle including the steps of forming a plurality of first linear grooves on a substrate in parallel to one another along a first direction using grinding, and forming a plurality of second linear grooves on the substrate in parallel to one another in a second direction intersecting the first direction using grinding.

Abstract: The invention discloses a method of manufacturing a microneedle including the steps of forming an island etching mask having thickness distribution on a substrate, and processing the substrate into a needle by taking advantage of a difference in etching rates between the etching mask and the substrate. The invention enables to readily control a point angle and height of the manufactured needle.

Abstract: a monolayer type photoreceptor obtained by laminating a monolayer type photosensitive layer containing a charge generation material and a charge transport material on a conductive support, wherein the above monolayer type photosensitive layer comprises, as the above charge transport material; a hole transport material represented by the following formula (1) and an electron transport material represented by the following formula (2)

Abstract: The invention provides an electrophotographic photoreceptor capable of producing high quality images even when development is carried out under low electric potential conditions, and also provides an image forming device incorporating such an electrophotographic photoreceptor. In a photosensitive layer 14 of a photoreceptor 1, the mobility of electric charges is 2×10?6 cm2/(V·s) or greater at an electric field intensity E of 1×105 V/cm. Further, the slope ?in equation 1 representing the mobility of electric charges is 5×10?4 or less in an electric field range of 5×104<E<1×105.

Abstract: In an electrophotographic photoreceptor including a conductive substrate and a single layer type photosensitive layer, the aromatic polycarbonate is contained to a single layer type photosensitive layer, which aromatic polycarbonate includes a constituent unit represented by the following general formula (1) derived from a compound having a basic asymmetric bishydroxy enamine skeleton represented by the general formula: Accordingly, the electrophotographic photoreceptor is obtained which is excellent in charge transportability, mechanical strength, electric property, durability, etc. and can form good images for a long time.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising a conductive support and a photosensitive layer formed on the conductive support and containing at least a charge generation material and a charge transport material, wherein a surface layer of the photoreceptor contains a polycarbonate copolymer having structural units represented by the following general formulas (1) to (3):

Abstract: An organic photoconductive material which is useful as a raw material compound for a variety of functional materials and makes it possible to implement an electrophotoconductor which is excellent in terms of the charge transporting performance, excellent in terms of dissolution in solvents and compatibility with resins, and excellent in terms of both the electrical properties and durability is provided. An example is an asymmetric bishydroxy compound which can be represented by the following structural formula (1aa). This compound is contained in a charge transforming layer 4 or a surface protective layer 5 of an electrophotoconductor 18. As a result, an electrophotoconductor 18 which is excellent in terms of the electrical properties and durability and can stably form high quality images without image defects such as black dots can be implemented.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor of the invention comprising: an conductive support; a light-sensitive layer formed on the conductive support and containing a charge generating material and a charge transport material; and a surface protective layer formed on the light-sensitive layer and made of a resin composition, wherein the resin composition constituting the surface protective layer contains an amine compound represented by the following formula (1): wherein R1 and R2 are, the same or different, each an alkyl group or an allyl group which may have a substituent or a heterocyclic residue to be formed through or not through a nitrogen atom or an oxygen atom together with the nitrogen atom to which R1 and R2 are bonded, R3 and R4 are, the same or different, each an alkyl group having a substituent and n denotes 1 or 2, provided that when n is 1, X is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or an alkyl group, a hydroxyl group or a mercapto group which may have a substituent, or a ring optionally containing

Abstract: A method of dividing a circuit pattern for creating complementary stencil masks corresponding to complementary patterns, the method comprising a step of dividing a circuit pattern into a plurality of complementary patterns including a first complementary pattern comprising a pattern of a cantilevered beam member having a support portion width W1 and a length L1, and a second complementary pattern comprising a pattern of a both end-supported beam member having a support portion width W2 and a length L2. The dividing of the circuit pattern is performed in a manner that a aspect ratio A1 (L1/W1) of the pattern of the cantilevered beam member is confined to not more than 100, and that a aspect ratio A2 (L2/W2) of the pattern of the both end-supported beam member is confined to not more than 150.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor of high durability capable of providing stable excellent electrical characteristics over a prolonged period of time which electrophotographic photoreceptor excels in mechanical strength. A photosensitive layer (14) of an electrophotographic photoreceptor (1) includes a polyarylate resin having structural units, for example, those of the aforementioned formula (1-3) and an enamine compound represented by, for example, aforementioned formula (2-1). By virtue of these, the electrophotographic photoreceptor (1) of excellent mechanical strength and favorable electrical characteristics can be realized.

Abstract: There is provided an organic photoconductive material that can realize an electrophotographic photoreceptor which is not only excellent in charge transporting ability but also excellent in solubility in a solvent and compatibility with a resin and moreover, which is excellent in both electric properties and durability, and the organic photoconductive material that is useful also as a raw material compound for various types of functional materials. An asymmetric bis-hydroxyenamine compound represented by the following structural formula (1aa) is provided. The compound is allowed to be contained in a charge transporting layer or a surface protective layer of an electrophotographic photoreceptor. This leads realization of the electrophotographic photoreceptor which is excellent in electric properties and durability and can stably form an image of high quality being free of an image defect such as a black spot.

Abstract: The invention provides an electrophotographic photoreceptor capable of producing high quality images even when development is carried out under low electric potential conditions, and also provides an image forming device incorporating such an electrophotographic photoreceptor. In a photosensitive layer 14 of a photoreceptor 1, the mobility of electric charges is 2×10?6 cm2/(V·s) or greater at an electric field intensity E of 1×105 V/cm. Further, the slope a in equation 1 representing the mobility of electric charges is 5×10?4 or less in an electric field range of 5×104<E<1×105.

Abstract: A vibration insulating member fitting method includes the steps of: positioning and wrapping a sheet-like vibration insulating member 2 around a shaft 3 having an air suction/exhaust portion 5; holding the sheet-like vibration insulating member 2 onto the shaft 3 by air suction; and inserting the shaft 3 that sucks the sheet-like vibration insulating member 2 by the air suction into a hollow cylinder 13 of a photosensitive drum 1 to stop the air suction, causing the sheet-like vibration insulating member 2 to be tightly fitted onto the inner wall surface of the photosensitive drum 1 by a restoring force of the sheet-like vibration insulating member 2.

Abstract: A method of dividing a circuit pattern for creating complementary stencil masks corresponding to complementary patterns, the method comprising a step of dividing a circuit pattern into a plurality of complementary patterns including a first complementary pattern comprising a pattern of a cantilevered beam member having a support portion width W1 and a length L1, and a second complementary pattern comprising a pattern of a both end-supported beam member having a support portion width W2 and a length L2. The dividing of the circuit pattern is performed in a manner that a aspect ratio A1 (L1/W1) of the pattern of the cantilevered beam member is confined to not more than 100, and that a aspect ratio A2 (L2/W2) of the pattern of the both end-supported beam member is confined to not more than 150.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an electrophotographic photoreceptor capable of recording management information for managing the electrophotographic photoreceptor in a noncontact manner, and improving management of the electrophotographic photoreceptor. An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive base, a photosensitive layer and a flange portion, wherein a noncontact information medium provided with an antenna part which communicates in a noncontact manner with a reader/writer of a main body of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus and a control part which stores management information for managing the electrophotographic photoreceptor and controls the antenna part so as to communicate with the reader/writer is disposed onto the conductive base.

Abstract: In the present invention, a filler element 20 formed of a viscoelastic material with a compressive residual strain of 10% or less and a 25% compressive load of 1 kg/cm2, having a specific shape, is mounted in a drum-shaped electrophotographic photosensitive body (photosensitive drum) 10. The filler element 20 has a sufficient restoring force when deformed, so that it can be fixed to position without an adhesive. Also, the filler element 20 is not moved by vibration or shock during repeated use, and good anti-vibration effect can be maintained.

Abstract: A vibration insulating member fitting method includes the steps of: positioning and wrapping a sheet-like vibration insulating member 2 around a shaft 3 having an air suction/exhaust portion 5; holding the sheet-like vibration insulating member 2 onto the shaft 3 by air suction; and inserting the shaft 3 that sucks the sheet-like vibration insulating member 2 by the air suction into a hollow cylinder 13 of a photosensitive drum 1 to stop the air suction, causing the sheet-like vibration insulating member 2 to be tightly fitted onto the inner wall surface of the photosensitive drum 1 by a restoring force of the sheet-like vibration insulating member 2.