Abstract: A system for a backplane serializer/deserializer (SerDes) including first and second integrated circuits (IC). The first and second ICs include transmitters and receivers coupled to each other through first and second bidirectional links. A first receiver is configured to receive first data at a data rate on a first channel supported by both the first bidirectional link and the second bidirectional link. A second receiver is configured to receive second data at the data rate on a second channel supported by both the first bidirectional link and the second bidirectional link. The backplane SerDes is configured to transfer the first and second data in full duplex mode by employing two-bit pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM-4) to reduce signaling speed of the first and second bidirectional links without reducing throughput of a lane pair including the first and second channels.

Abstract: A surface light source device (100) includes substrate (120), a plurality of light emitting devices (130) disposed at constant intervals on substrate (120), and light diffusion plate (160) disposed substantially parallel to substrate (120) over the plurality of light emitting devices (130). Light emitting device (130) includes light emitting element (140) and light flux controlling member (150). A luminous intensity of light from light emitting device (130) is gradually increased as an angle relative to optical axis (LA) becomes larger in an angular range from a direction along optical axis (LA) of light emitting device (130) to a direction of emission of light with the highest luminous intensity from light emitting device (130). Surface light source device (100) satisfies three Equations of H/P?0.2, L/P>1, and I1/2/I0>6.

Abstract: This surface light source device has; a case; multiple light-emitting devices arranged on the inner surfaces of a pair of side walls within the case; a reflecting member that protrudes from the base surface of the case, and that reflects light emitted from the light-emitting devices toward an aperture part of the case; and a light-emitting surface member that has a light-diffusing property and a light-transmitting property, and that covers the aperture part. The light-emitting devices are arranged on the side walls such that the light axis of the light-emitting elements is parallel to the base surface of the case. The light-reflecting member has a ridge line that is parallel to the side surfaces and the ceiling surface of the case, and the light-reflecting member is formed with a curved surface, with the ridge line being contained in the apex thereof.

Abstract: A light emitting device includes a substrate in which a specular reflection area that specularly reflects reaching light is disposed on one surface, a light emitting element disposed on the substrate to emit light at least from a side surface, and a light flux controlling member disposed over the light emitting element to control a distribution of light to be emitted from the light emitting element. The light flux controlling member includes a rear surface disposed closer to the substrate, an incidence surface being an inner surface of a recess opening toward the rear surface and receiving light emitted from the light emitting element, and an emission surface emitting at least a part of the light incident through the incidence surface toward an outside. An outer edge portion of the specular reflection area is positioned outside an opening edge portion of the recess.

Abstract: A transmitter comprising a noise signal generator, a summing element configured to generate a signal as a sum of an output of the noise signal generator and a transmit data signal, and a transmit driver configured to generate an output signal based on the sum. Also, a method of calibrating a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for a transmitter comprising transmitting a first signal comprising a data signal with no noise signal, capturing the first signal, transmitting a second signal comprising a noise signal, wherein both an amplitude and a phase of the noise signal have been adjusted by a gain and phase control element, capturing the second signal, and determining the SNR corresponding to the captured first signal and the captured second signal, wherein the transmitter transmits the second signal using a transmit driver.

Abstract: A transmitter including a noise signal generator and a summing element is provided. The noise signal generator is configured to receive multiple noise settings and output multiple noise signals corresponding to the multiple noise settings. The summing element is configured to receive a transmit data signal and the multiple noise signals, sum one or more of the multiple noise signals with the transmit data signal, and output to a transmit driver configured to generate one of a single-ended and a differential signal based on the sum of the one or more of the multiple noise signals with the transmit data signal.

Abstract: This luminous flux control member has: an incidence surface through which light emitted from a light-emitting element enters; an emission surface through which the light entering from the incidence surface is emitted to the outside; and multiple ridges that are formed on the back side so as to surround the central axis (CA) and that have a substantially triangular cross-sectional shape. Each of the multiple ridges has a first reflecting surface, a second reflecting surface, and a ridge line which is the line of intersection of the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface. An imaginary line containing the ridge lines intersects the central axis (CA) at a position closer to the front side than the ridge lines.

Abstract: According to an embodiment of the disclosure, a communication transmitter and receiver include an adaptive filter and a decision feedback equalizer as well as cross-talk cancellers. The adaptive filter is configured to receive an input signal and includes a continuous analog delay circuit with a plurality of Padé-based delay elements.

Abstract: An integrated circuit (IC) for a backplane serializer/deserializer (SerDes) system, comprising a first transmitter configured to send first data at a data rate to a second receiver in a second IC, a first receiver configured to receive second data at the data rate from a second transmitter in the second IC, wherein each of a first link and a second link is to the first transmitter, the first receiver, the second transmitter, and the second receiver, and wherein both the first link and the second link combined are configured to transfer the first data from the first transmitter to the second receiver and transfer the second data from the second transmitter to the first receiver at the data rate.

Abstract: This surface light source device has; a case; multiple light-emitting devices arranged on the inner surfaces of a pair of side walls within the case; a reflecting member that protrudes from the base surface of the case, and that reflects light emitted from the light-emitting devices toward an aperture part of the case; and a light-emitting surface member that has a light-diffusing property and a light-transmitting property, and that covers the aperture part. The light-emitting devices are arranged on the side walls such that the light axis of the light-emitting elements is parallel to the base surface of the case. The light-reflecting member has a ridge line that is parallel to the side surfaces and the ceiling surface of the case, and the light-reflecting member is formed with a curved surface, with the ridge line being contained in the apex thereof.

Abstract: A surface light source device (100) includes substrate (120), a plurality of light emitting devices (130) disposed at constant intervals on substrate (120), and light diffusion plate (160) disposed substantially parallel to substrate (120) over the plurality of light emitting devices (130). Light emitting device (130) includes light emitting element (140) and light flux controlling member (150). A luminous intensity of light from light emitting device (130) is gradually increased as an angle relative to optical axis (LA) becomes larger in an angular range from a direction along optical axis (LA) of light emitting device (130) to a direction of emission of light with the highest luminous intensity from light emitting device (130). Surface light source device (100) satisfies three Equations of H/P?0.2, L/P>1, and I1/2/I0>6.

Abstract: A light flux controlling member (100) of the present invention has: an incident part (110) that receives light emitted from a light emitting element (210); a total reflection surface (120) that reflects a part of light incident from the incident part (110) toward a front side; a first emission part (130) that emits incident light received directly from the incident part (110) and light reflected at the total reflection surface (120) toward the outside; and a second emission part (160) that is protruded to the outside from the total reflection surface (120) and emits another part of light incident from the emission part (110) toward the outside.

Abstract: An integrated circuit (IC) for a backplane serializer/deserializer (SerDes) system, comprising a first transmitter configured to send first data at a data rate to a second receiver in a second IC, a first receiver configured to receive second data at the data rate from a second transmitter in the second IC, wherein each of a first link and a second link is to the first transmitter, the first receiver, the second transmitter, and the second receiver, and wherein both the first link and the second link combined are configured to transfer the first data from the first transmitter to the second receiver and transfer the second data from the second transmitter to the first receiver at the data rate.

Abstract: A light flux controlling member includes an emission surface, a first incidence surface that is an inner surface of a concave portion, a second incidence surface that is disposed outside an opening rim portion of the concave portion, and a rear surface. A plurality of annular grooves is formed in the second incidence surface. Each annular groove forms an intersection line with an adjacent annular groove. When a virtual plane that passes through the outer rim portion of the second incidence surface and is orthogonal to the central axis is assumed as a reference plane, the plurality of annular grooves is disposed so that the intersection line become close to the virtual plane with distance from the central axis. The shape of a cross section of the annular groove including the central axis is an arc of which the center of curvature is located outside the light flux controlling member.

Abstract: A method of optimizing filter performance through monitoring channel characteristics is provided. A signal enters a channel and a receiver receives the signal. The receiver includes a FIR filter to remove near-end transmitted interference and recover a far-end desired signal. The filter has storage elements configured as a shift registers to move the signal, multipliers to multiply the signal by a filter coefficient, an intermittent summer to combine the multiplied results into a replica of an interfering signal, a final summer to remove the replica from the receiver signal to provide direct and indirect monitoring of the signal, where direct monitoring includes time or frequency monitoring, and indirect monitoring includes monitoring signal to noise ratio, error magnitude or bit error rate. The filter is optimized according to monitoring and includes reducing a dynamic range, reducing bits of precision, reducing linearity, the filter, and reallocating the filter.

Abstract: According to an embodiment of the disclosure, a communication transmitter and receiver include an adaptive filter and a decision feedback equalizer as well as cross-talk cancellers. The adaptive filter is configured to receive an input signal and includes a continuous analog delay circuit with a plurality of Padé-based delay elements.

Abstract: A light-emitting device combining a first luminous flux control member having a total reflection surface and emitting light from an emission surface in a narrow angle range centered mainly on an optical axis, and a second luminous flux control member arranged to surround the total reflection surface of the first luminous flux control member. The second luminous flux control member (102) of the light-emitting device is provided with a second incidence surface (126a) and a second emitting surface (126b). Of the light emitted from the light-emitting element (200), the light incident to the second incidence surface (126a) is within a range of angles ? larger than a largest angle to the optical axis of the light incident to the first luminous flux control member (101).

Abstract: A light emitting device that can reduce the illuminance unevenness on an illuminated surface. First light flux controlling member 103 controls the distribution of light emitted from light emitting element 102. Second light flux controlling member 105 has second incidence surface 201 onto which the light emitted from first light flux controlling member 103 is incident and second emission surface 202 that is located on a side opposite to second incidence surface 201 and emits the light incident from second incidence surface 201. Also, at least one surface of second incidence surface 201 and second emission surface 202 refracts the light having an optical path on a virtual cross-section including optical axis P1 of light emitting element 102 and being incident onto second incidence surface 201 or second emission surface 202 more to the optical axis P1 side than when being incident onto a plane perpendicular to optical axis P1.

Abstract: A light emitting device that can reduce the illuminance unevenness on an illuminated surface. First light flux controlling member 103 controls the distribution of light emitted from light emitting element 102. Second light flux controlling member 105 has second incidence surface 201 onto which the light emitted from first light flux controlling member 103 is incident and second emission surface 202 that is located on a side opposite to second incidence surface 201 and emits the light incident from second incidence surface 201. Also, at least one surface of second incidence surface 201 and second emission surface 202 refracts the light having an optical path on a virtual cross-section including optical axis P1 of light emitting element 102 and being incident onto second incidence surface 201 or second emission surface 202 more to the optical axis P1 side than when being incident onto a plane perpendicular to optical axis P1.

Abstract: A lighting device preventing an illumination variation on a surface to be irradiated. The lighting device has a first light emitting surface section (102a) which is a surface formed by rotating a bus with a central axis as a rotation axis in a first angle area (??1????1) of an angle (?) relative to a cross section of the bus which is an intersection line with the cross section perpendicular to a surface (801a) to be irradiated and including the central axis of a lighting lens (100), a second light emitting surface section (102b) formed in a second angle area (?1???180° and ?180°?????1) of the angle (?) so that a light flux emitted toward the surface (801a) increases as compared with the case where the first light emitting surface section (102a) is formed in a whole-angle area (0°??<360°) on the light emitting surface section (102), a third light emitting surface section (102c) formed by the step between the first light emitting surface section (102a) and the second light emitting surface section (102b).