Abstract: In a surface light source device (1), a positive reflective region (23) of a reflective member (20) that is disposed on the bottom surface (4) of a housing (2) reflects light output by a light emitting device (14) toward a direction away from the light emitting device (14). As a result, the brightness of the light in the proximity of the light emitting device (14) of the surface shaped illuminating light output by a light emitting surface member (3) can be suppressed, and the brightness of light of a central part (position furthest away from the light emitting device (14)) of the surface shaped illuminating light output by the light emitting surface member (3) can be increased.

Abstract: The present invention effectively cancels echo, near-end crosstalk and far-end crosstalk. A FEXT canceller is placed at the transmitter rather than at the receiver according to an aspect of the invention. In some embodiment, a FEXT canceller can be placed at the receiver only or the combination of both ends. The FEXT canceller is continuously adapted with information sent back from a remote receiver and with data from a neighbor transmitter that causes the crosstalk at the remote receiver. This allows the FEXT canceller to quickly adapt to a change in crosstalk function or conditions with the surrounding environment, for example, aging, temperature, humidity, physical pressure, etc. In some embodiments, an adaptation control signal is sent back from the receiver to the transmitter by using an overhead bit in the frame format. In some embodiments, part of the FEXT canceller is built-in at the remote receiver.

Abstract: Disclosed is a light emitting device to reduce the number of components and elements of a light emitting device and a lighting device having the light emitting device, and simplify and miniaturize the structures of these devices. With this light flux controlling member (4), a total reflecting surface (12) functions like a reflecting member, light from a light emitting element (LED, for example) (3) that is incident from an input surface (13) and that arrives at the total reflecting surface (12) is total-reflected by the total reflecting surface (12) toward the output surface (11) side (including a first output surface (11a) and second output surface (11b)), and the illuminating light from the second output surface (11b) is superimposed upon the illuminating light from the first output surface (11a), so that the light from the light emitting element (LED, for example) (3) is used efficiently and illuminates the illumination target surface (6) over a wide range.

Abstract: A lighting apparatus includes a light emitting element, a light flux controlling member which controls light distribution so as to narrow the light emitted from the light emitting element, a substantially tubular prism member which is formed of an optically-transparent material, has a plurality of prism rows, and extends in the optical axis direction, and a substantially tubular diffusion member having optical transparency and a light diffusion property. The plurality of prism rows is disposed parallel to the optical axis on the outer peripheral surface of the prism member.

Abstract: A light flux controlling member includes an emission surface, a first incidence surface that is an inner surface of a concave portion, a second incidence surface that is disposed outside an opening rim portion of the concave portion, and a rear surface. A plurality of annular grooves is formed in the second incidence surface. Each annular groove forms an intersection line with an adjacent annular groove. When a virtual plane that passes through the outer rim portion of the second incidence surface and is orthogonal to the central axis is assumed as a reference plane, the plurality of annular grooves is disposed so that the intersection line become close to the virtual plane with distance from the central axis. The shape of a cross section of the annular groove including the central axis is an arc of which the center of curvature is located outside the light flux controlling member.

Abstract: A network component comprising a transmitter configured to transmit data at a transmitter phase, a receiver configured to receive data at a receiver, and a phase delay component coupled to the transmitter and the receiver and configured to control the transmitter phase relative to the receiver phase to maintain distortion in the transmitted data below a threshold, wherein the threshold is less than a maximum possible distortion in the transmitted data.

Abstract: A transmitter comprising a noise signal generator, and a transmit driver coupled to an output of the noise signal generator.

Abstract: A light-emitting device combining a first luminous flux control member having a total reflection surface and emitting light from an emission surface in a narrow angle range centered mainly on an optical axis, and a second luminous flux control member arranged to surround the total reflection surface of the first luminous flux control member. The second luminous flux control member (102) of the light-emitting device is provided with a second incidence surface (126a) and a second emitting surface (126b). Of the light emitted from the light-emitting element (200), the light incident to the second incidence surface (126a) is within a range of angles ? larger than a largest angle to the optical axis of the light incident to the first luminous flux control member (101).

Abstract: A lighting device preventing an illumination variation on a surface to be irradiated. The lighting device has a first light emitting surface section (102a) which is a surface formed by rotating a bus with a central axis as a rotation axis in a first angle area (??1????1) of an angle (?) relative to a cross section of the bus which is an intersection line with the cross section perpendicular to a surface (801a) to be irradiated and including the central axis of a lighting lens (100), a second light emitting surface section (102b) formed in a second angle area (?1???180° and ?180°?????1) of the angle (?) so that a light flux emitted toward the surface (801a) increases as compared with the case where the first light emitting surface section (102a) is formed in a whole-angle area (0°??<360°) on the light emitting surface section (102), a third light emitting surface section (102c) formed by the step between the first light emitting surface section (102a) and the second light emitting surface section (102b).

Abstract: Provided are a lighting lens and an illumination apparatus including the same that can improve color rendering properties and prevent reductions in performance of a light flux controlling member and in illuminance on a surface to be illuminated when a pseudo-white LED is used. This lighting lens (1) includes a color adjustment unit (14) that contains a color adjusting material, is excited by light emitted from an LED (2) and emits light in a color different from the light-emitting color of the LED (2). The color adjustment unit (14) is disposed at a portion through which sub-rays other than main rays pass and not at a portion through which the main rays pass, the main rays being rays having a luminous intensity equal to or more than a predetermined percentage of the maximum luminous intensity.

Abstract: A method of optimizing filter performance through monitoring channel characteristics is provided. A signal enters a channel and a receiver receives the signal. The receiver includes a FIR filter to remove near-end transmitted interference and recover a far-end desired signal. The filter has storage elements configured as a shift registers to move the signal, multipliers to multiply the signal by a filter coefficient, an intermittent summer to combine the multiplied results into a replica of an interfering signal, a final summer to remove the replica from the receiver signal to provide direct and indirect monitoring of the signal, where direct monitoring includes time or frequency monitoring, and indirect monitoring includes monitoring signal to noise ratio, error magnitude or bit error rate. The filter is optimized according to monitoring and includes reducing a dynamic range, reducing bits of precision, reducing linearity, the filter, and reallocating the filter.

Abstract: An integrated circuit (IC) for a backplane serializer/deserializer (SerDes) system, comprising a first transmitter configured to send first data at a data rate to a second receiver in a second IC, a first receiver configured to receive second data at the data rate from a second transmitter in the second IC, wherein each of a first link and a second link is to the first transmitter, the first receiver, the second transmitter, and the second receiver, and wherein both the first link and the second link combined are configured to transfer the first data from the first transmitter to the second receiver and transfer the second data from the second transmitter to the first receiver at the data rate.

Abstract: A network component comprising a transmitter configured to transmit data at a transmitter phase, a receiver configured to receive data at a receiver, and a phase delay component coupled to the transmitter and the receiver and configured to control the transmitter phase relative to the receiver phase to maintain distortion in the transmitted data below a threshold, wherein the threshold is less than a maximum possible distortion in the transmitted data.

Abstract: An adaptive transversal filter having tap weights Wj which are products of corresponding tap coefficients Cj and tap gains Mj is provided. A filter control loop controls all of the tap coefficients Cj such that an error signal derived from the filter output is minimized. One or more tap control loops controls a tap gain Mk such that the corresponding tap coefficient Ck satisfies a predetermined control condition. For example, |Ck| can be maximized subject to a constraint |Ck| Cmax, where Cmax is a predetermined maximum coefficient value. In this manner, the effect of quantization noise on the coefficients Cj can be reduced. Multiple tap control loops can be employed, one for each tap. Alternatively, a single tap control loop can be used to control multiple taps by time interleaving.

Abstract: A method of optimizing filter performance through monitoring channel characteristics is provided. A signal enters a channel and a receiver receives the signal. The receiver includes a FIR filter to remove near-end transmitted interference and recover a far-end desired signal. The filter has storage elements configured as a shift registers to move the signal, multipliers to multiply the signal by a filter coefficient, an intermittent summer to combine the multiplied results into a replica of an interfering signal, a final summer to remove the replica from the receiver signal to provide direct and indirect monitoring of the signal, where direct monitoring includes time or frequency monitoring, and indirect monitoring includes monitoring signal to noise ratio, error magnitude or bit error rate. The filter is optimized according to monitoring and includes reducing a dynamic range, reducing bits of precision, reducing linearity, the filter, and reallocating the filter.

Abstract: A light emitting device that can reduce the illuminance unevenness on an illuminated surface. First light flux controlling member 103 controls the distribution of light emitted from light emitting element 102. Second light flux controlling member 105 has second incidence surface 201 onto which the light emitted from first light flux controlling member 103 is incident and second emission surface 202 that is located on a side opposite to second incidence surface 201 and emits the light incident from second incidence surface 201. Also, at least one surface of second incidence surface 201 and second emission surface 202 refracts the light having an optical path on a virtual cross-section including optical axis P1 of light emitting element 102 and being incident onto second incidence surface 201 or second emission surface 202 more to the optical axis P1 side than when being incident onto a plane perpendicular to optical axis P1.

Abstract: An adaptive transversal filter having tap weights Wj which are products of corresponding tap coefficients Cj and tap gains Mj is provided. A filter control loop controls all of the tap coefficients Cj such that an error signal derived from the filter output is minimized. One or more tap control loops controls a tap gain Mk such that the corresponding tap coefficient Ck satisfies a predetermined control condition. For example, |Ck| can be maximized subject to a constraint |Ck| Cmax, where Cmax is a predetermined maximum coefficient value. In this manner, the effect of quantization noise on the coefficients Cj can be reduced. Multiple tap control loops can be employed, one for each tap. Alternatively, a single tap control loop can be used to control multiple taps by time interleaving.

Abstract: A method of digitally controlling a timing recovery loop to control jitter and reduce word-length in a recovered clock is provided. A timing error detector provides an output identifying the error sign. First and second randomizing digital attenuators provide first and second estimates of the phase error in a timing signal. A controller receives the first estimate and provides a signal to an NCO. An output from the NCO provides feedback to the error detector to complete a first order feedback loop, providing a first estimate phase error compensation. An integrator receives the second estimate and provides an output estimate for frequency offset of the timing signal that is received by the controller and the sign and magnitude of the integrated phase error are calibrated to provide a frequency offset. The controller determines a number of additional updates to the NCO required to minimize jitter and reduce word-length.

Abstract: An adaptive transversal filter having tap weights Wj which are products of corresponding tap coefficients Cj and tap gains Mj is provided. A filter control loop controls all of the tap coefficients Cj such that an error signal derived from the filter output is minimized. One or more tap control loops controls a tap gain Mk such that the corresponding tap coefficient Ck satisfies a predetermined control condition. For example, |Ck| can be maximized subject to a constraint |Ck|?Cmax, where Cmax is a predetermined maximum coefficient value. In this manner, the effect of quantization noise on the coefficients Cj can be reduced. Multiple tap control loops can be employed, one for each tap. Alternatively, a single tap control loop can be used to control multiple taps by time interleaving.

Abstract: Disclosed is a light emitting device to reduce the number of components and elements of a light emitting device and a lighting device having the light emitting device, and simplify and miniaturize the structures of these devices. With this light flux controlling member (4), a total reflecting surface (12) functions like a reflecting member, light from a light emitting element (LED, for example) (3) that is incident from an input surface (13) and that arrives at the total reflecting surface (12) is total-reflected by the total reflecting surface (12) toward the output surface (11) side (including a first output surface (11a) and second output surface (11b)), and the illuminating light from the second output surface (11b) is superimposed upon the illuminating light from the first output surface (11a), so that the light from the light emitting element (LED, for example) (3) is used efficiently and illuminates the illumination target surface (6) over a wide range.