Abstract: A tire has an outer diameter smaller than a value obtained by subtracting 4 mm from an outer diameter maximum value of new product dimensions defined by a JATMA standard or an ETRTO standard, and has a total width smaller than a value obtained by subtracting 5 mm from a maximum total width of the new product dimensions. The tire includes an outer surface including a tread surface and a pair of side surfaces. The tread surface includes an equator. Each of the side surfaces includes a maximum width position. In a normal state, a ratio of a length of the shoulder line segment to a length of the reference line segment is 85.9% or more and 89.3% or less, and a ratio of the radius of the center arc to the radius of the middle arc is 1.85 or more and 2.00 or less.

Abstract: The flow rate control device 10 includes a control valve 11, a restriction part 12 provided downstream of the control valve 11, an upstream pressure sensor 13 for measuring a pressure P1 between the control valve 11 and the restriction part 12, a differential pressure sensor 20 for measuring a differential pressure ?P between the upstream and the downstream of the restriction part 12, and an arithmetic control circuit 16 connected to the control valve 11, the upstream pressure sensor 13, and the differential pressure sensor 20.

Abstract: A relief printing plate precursor for laser engraving that comprises a photocured layer, and a thermally cured layer, on a support in this order, the photocured layer being a layer obtained by photocuring a layer comprising (Component A) an ethylenically unsaturated compound, (Component B) a photopolymerization initiator, and (Component C) particles, and the photocured layer and the thermally cured layer satisfying the relation of following Formula (1).

Abstract: A method for preparing a lithographic printing plate comprising: exposing a lithographic printing plate precursor comprising: a support having a hydrophilic surface; a photosensitive layer containing a phthalocyanine pigment covered with a polymer having a group represented by the formula (I) or (II) as defined herein in its side chain and a hydrophobic binder polymer having an acid value of 0.3 meq/g or less; and a protective layer provided in this order; and removing the protective layer and an unexposed area of the photosensitive layer in a presence of a developer having pH of from 2 to 10 in an automatic processor equipped with a rubbing member.

Abstract: A developer comprising at least one carbonate, at least one hydrogen carbonate and at least one alkali silicate, wherein the ratio of the total molar concentration “a” of the carbonate and the hydrogen carbonate to the molar concentration “b” of the SiO2 component present in the alkali silicate: “a/b” ranges from 1:0.3 to 1:2, the total molar concentration of “a” and “b”: “a+b” ranges from 0.1 to 2 mole/L, and the pH value thereof ranges from 9 to 13; and an image-forming method which comprises the steps of imagewise exposing a negative-working image-forming material which comprises a substrate provided thereon with an image-recording layer comprising an infrared light absorber, a polymerization initiator, an ethylenically unsaturated bond-containing monomer and a polymer binder, and then developing the imagewise exposed image-forming material with the foregoing developer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for forming images comprising the steps of imagewise exposing a negative-working image-forming material which comprises a substrate provided thereon with an image-recording layer comprising a photopolymerization initiator system sensitive to light rays whose wavelength falls within the visible to ultraviolet ranges, a polymerizable compound carrying at least one ethylenically unsaturated group and a binder polymer and then developing the imagewise exposed image-forming material with a developer which contains at least one carbonate, at least one hydrogen carbonate and at least one alkali silicate and which has a pH value ranging from 9 to 13.0, wherein the ratio of the total molar number a of the carbonate and the hydrogen carbonate to the molar number b of the SiO2 component present in the alkali silicate: a/b ranges from 1:0.3 to 1:2 and the total molar number of these components: a+b ranges from 0.1 to 2 mole/L.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for forming images which comprises imagewise exposing a photopolymerizable image-forming material comprising a substrate provided thereon with an image-recording layer which comprises a specific photopolymerization initiator system, a polymerizable compound carrying at least one ethylenically unsaturated group and a binder polymer and then developing the imagewise exposed material with a developer containing at least one carbonate and at least one hydrogen carbonate and a specific surfactant in an amount ranging from 1.0 to 10% by weight, and having a specific pH and a specific electrical conductivity. The image-forming method permits the achievement of a sufficient developing ability even at a relatively low pH at which the image-forming material is not damaged so much and the preparation of a printing plate having good printing durability.

Abstract: An image-forming member excellent in the developing ability and printing durability can be obtained and images can be formed without being accompanied by any accumulation of scum in a developing bath used, by developing an image-forming material, in particular, a negative-working image-forming material which comprises a substrate provided thereon with an image-recording layer comprising an infrared light absorber, a polymerization initiator, an ethylenically unsaturated bond-containing monomer and a binder polymer, using a developer which comprises at least one carbonate and at least one hydrogen carbonate, and at least one surfactant selected from the group consisting of nonionic aromatic ether type surfactants represented by the following general formula (1): X—Y—O-(A)n-(B)m—H (wherein X represents an aromatic group; Y represents a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; A and B represent groups different from one another and each represents either —CH2CH2O— or —CH2CH(CH3)O—; m and n a

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a thin and small-sized semiconductor device, which is integrated into an electronic instrument. A silicon wafer is prepared, and oxide films are formed on the main face and the rear face of the wafer. An insulating film is selectively formed on the main face of the wafer to make through holes. Metal-laminated films are formed on the oxide films on the bottoms of the through holes, and further first and second metal films are formed on the metal-laminated films to form metal pedestals. Next, a semiconductor chip wherein a diode is formed is fixed onto the main face of one of the metal pedestals through one electrode of the chips, and the other electrode is connected to the other of the metal pedestals through an electroconductive wire. Next, the semiconductor chip, the wire and so on are covered with an insulating resin layer, and then the silicon wafer and the oxide film are removed so that the oxide film stuck onto the rear face of the sealant remains.

Abstract: Herein disclosed is an authenticating apparatus, comprising: an in-vehicle communicating unit of communicating with an electric license card storing license card information including a driver's identification information; an authenticating unit of authenticating said license card information; and an activating unit of activating at least one of operations of a vehicle, in which the in-vehicle communicating unit obtains the license card information and activating information of activating at least one of functions equipped on the vehicle from said electric license card, and the activating unit activates functions designated by the activating information, when the authenticating unit correctly authenticates said license card information.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for forming images comprising the steps of imagewise exposing a negative-working image-forming material which comprises a substrate provided thereon with an image-recording layer comprising a photopolymerization initiator system sensitive to light rays whose wavelength falls within the visible to ultraviolet ranges, a polymerizable compound carrying at least one ethylenically unsaturated group and a binder polymer and then developing the imagewise exposed image-forming material with a developer which contains at least one carbonate, at least one hydrogen carbonate and at least one alkali silicate and which has a pH value ranging from 9 to 13.0, wherein the ratio of the total molar number a of the carbonate and the hydrogen carbonate to the molar number b of the SiO2 component present in the alkali silicate: a/b ranges from 1:0.3 to 1:2 and the total molar number of these components: a+b ranges from 0.1 to 2 mole/L.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for forming images which comprises imagewise exposing a photopolymerizable image-forming material comprising a substrate provided thereon with an image-recording layer which comprises a specific photopolymerization initiator system, a polymerizable compound carrying at least one ethylenically unsaturated group and a binder polymer and then developing the imagewise exposed material with a developer containing at least one carbonate and at least one hydrogen carbonate and a specific surfactant in an amount ranging from 1.0 to 10% by weight, and having a specific pH and a specific electrical conductivity. The image-forming method permits the achievement of a sufficient developing ability even at a relatively low pH at which the image-forming material is not damaged so much and the preparation of a printing plate having good printing durability.

Abstract: A developer for a photopolymerizable presensitized plate for use in making a lithographic printing plate characterized in that it comprises an alkali silicate and a nonionic compound represented by the following general formula (I), it has a molar ratio: SiO2/M2O (wherein M represents an alkali metal or an ammonium group) ranging from 0.75 to 4.0, a pH value ranging from 11.5 to 12.8 and a conductivity ranging from 3 to 30 mS/cm: A-W??(I) wherein A represents a hydrophobic organic group whose logP as determined for A-H is not less than 1.5 and W represents a nonionic hydrophilic organic group whose logP as determined for W-H is less than 1.0.

Abstract: The present invention provides a developer comprising at least one carbonate, at least one hydrogen carbonate and at least one alkali silicate, wherein the ratio of the total molar concentration “a” of the carbonate and the hydrogen carbonate to the molar concentration “b” of the SiO2 component present in the alkali silicate: “a/b” ranges from 1:0.3 to 1:2, the total molar concentration of “a” and “b”:“a+b” ranges from 0.1 to 2 mole/L, and the pH value thereof ranges from 9 to 13; and an image-forming method which comprises the steps of imagewise exposing a negative-working image-forming material which comprises a substrate provided thereon with an image-recording layer comprising an infrared light absorber, a polymerization initiator, an ethylenically unsaturated bond-containing monomer and a polymer binder, and then developing the imagewise exposed image-forming material with the foregoing developer.

Abstract: An image-forming member excellent in the developing ability and printing durability can be obtained and images can be formed without being accompanied by any accumulation of scum in a developing bath used, by developing an image-forming material, in particular, a negative-working image-forming material which comprises a substrate provided thereon with an image-recording layer comprising an infrared light absorber, a polymerization initiator, an ethylenically unsaturated bond-containing monomer and a binder polymer, using a developer which comprises at least one carbonate and at least one hydrogen carbonate, and at least one surfactant selected from the group consisting of nonionic aromatic ether type surfactants represented by the following general formula (1): X—Y—O-(A)n-(B)m-H (wherein X represents an aromatic group; Y represents a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; A and B represent groups different from one another and each represents either —CH2CH2O— or —CH2CH(CH3)O—; m and n a

Abstract: For marking a package efficiently at low cost, there is provided a dicing sheet 25 having transfer patterns 28A, 28B and an alignment mark 31 disposed at predetermined positions on a main surface of a base material 26, and an orientation flat 32 of a semiconductor wafer 1 and the alignment mark 31 are aligned with each other, then the main surface of the dicing sheet with the transfer patterns 28A, 28B and the alignment mark 31 disposed thereon and a back surface of the semiconductor wafer 1 are affixed to each other, and thereafter heat and pressure are applied to a back surface of the dicing sheet 25, thereby allowing the transfer patterns 28A and 28B to be transferred at a time to back surfaces of semiconductor chips from the dicing sheet 25.

Abstract: A method for preparing a lithographic printing plate comprising the steps of imagewise exposing, to light, a presensitized plate for use in making a lithographic printing plate, which comprises a grained and anodized substrate provided thereon with a photopolymerizable light-sensitive layer containing a compound having at least one addition-polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated double bond and a titanocene type initiator; and then developing the light-exposed presensitized plate using a developer which comprises a surfactant and a weak acid or a salt thereof having a dissociation constant pka ranging from 10 to 13, and has a pH value ranging from 11.5 to 12.8. The method exhibits excellent development performance, and gives good results to the resultant printing plate in terms of printing durability and scumming. In addition, the change in pH value of the developer is so small that the stable development can be ensured for a long period of time.

Abstract: A plate-making method of a lithographic printing plate is disclosed, which comprises the steps of exposure of a photosensitive lithographic printing plate having the acid value of a photosensitive layer of 1.0 meq/g or less with a laser beam, and then development with a developing solution having a pH value of 13.0 or less at a developing speed in an unexposed domain of 0.05 &mgr;m/s or more and at an osmotic speed of a developing solution in an exposed domain of 0.1 &mgr;m/s or less.

Abstract: A plate-making method of a lithographic printing plate is disclosed, which comprises the steps of exposure of a photo-sensitive lithographic printing plate having the acid value of a photosensitive layer of 1.0 meq/g or less with a laser beam, and then development with a developing solution having a pH value of 13.0 or less at a developing speed in an unexposed domain of 0.05 &mgr;m/s or more and at an osmotic speed of a developing solution in an exposed domain of 0.1 &mgr;m/s or less.

Abstract: A method for preparing a lithographic printing plate is provided which can well disperse insoluble matter caused by components of an image-forming layer in a plate-making process to inhibit the generation of processing scum, while maintaining good developing properties, and can further provide the plate having no gum repellency thereon and improved in the state of a gum-coated surface, the method for preparing a lithographic printing plate comprising exposing a photosensitive lithographic printing plate precursor having an image-forming layer containing an infrared absorption dye, and developing the exposed photosensitive lithographic printing plate precursor with an alkali developer containing a sulfonate group-containing anionic surfactant.