Abstract: A first tubular shaft is placed on a radially outer side of a countershaft. A second tubular shaft is placed on a radially outer side of the first tubular shaft. A first driven gear is provided at one end portion of the first tubular shaft and is meshed with a first drive gear. A second driven gear is provided at one end portion of the second tubular shaft and is meshed with a second drive gear. A second secondary coupling portion is provided at the countershaft. A second primary coupling portion is provided at the other end portion of the first tubular shaft. The second primary coupling portion is engageable with the second secondary coupling portion. A third primary coupling portion is provided at the other end portion of the second tubular shaft. The third primary coupling portion is engageable with the second secondary coupling portion.

Abstract: The present invention is a base material for forming a single crystal diamond comprising, at least, a seed base material of a single crystal and a thin film heteroepitaxially grown on the seed base material, wherein the seed base material is a single crystal diamond and the thin film is Iridium film or Rhodium film. As a result, there is provided a base material for forming a single crystal diamond that enables a single crystal diamond having a high crystallinity to be heteroepitaxially grown thereon and that can be reused repeatedly and a method for producing a single crystal diamond that enables a single crystal diamond having a high crystallinity and a large area to be produced at low cost.

Abstract: The present invention is a substrate for growing a single crystal diamond layer including: at least, a base material made of a single crystal diamond, and an iridium film or a rhodium film heteroepitaxially grown on a side of the base material where the single crystal diamond layer is to be grown; wherein a peripheral end portion of a surface of the base material on the side where the single crystal diamond layer is to be grown is chamfered with a curvature radius (r), the curvature radius satisfying (r)?50 ?m. As a result, there is provided a substrate for growing a single crystal diamond layer and a method for producing a single crystal diamond substrate, the substrate and the method in which a single crystal diamond having uniform and high crystallinity can be reproducibly produced at low cost.

Abstract: A power transmission system transmits power from an internal combustion engine to a first and a second auxiliary device through an endless transmitting member. Prior to issuing of an engine start request, the first auxiliary device is actuated to move a tensioner pulley to a given position to increase the degree of tension of the endless transmitting member. The actuation of the first auxiliary device as an engine starter upon the issuing of the engine start request, therefore, enables a drive shaft of the engine to be rotated immediately within a required time to crank the engine. This achieves a quick start of the engine and results in a decrease in amount of time between the issuing of the engine start request and the actual start of the engine.

Abstract: A power transmission system transmits power from a drive shaft of an internal combustion engine to a first and a second auxiliary device through a belt. An auto-tensioner extends or contracts to change the tension of the belt. A controller rotates the first auxiliary device in a reverse direction to loosen the belt to cause the auto-tensioner to extend to increase the tension of the belt and calculates a reversing timing when the drive shaft will be reversed as a result of increasing of the tension of the belt. The controller inhibits the tensioner body from contracting immediately before or when the reversing time is reached to keep the tension of the belt at an increased degree, thereby eliminating the slippage of the belt on each pulley without having to finely control the operation of the first auxiliary device when the internal combustion engine is started.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a single crystal diamond in which vapor phase synthetic single crystal diamond is additionally deposited on a single crystal diamond seed substrate obtained by vapor phase synthesis, includes a step of measuring flatness of the seed substrate, a step of determining whether or not to flatten the seed substrate based on the measurement result of the flatness, and any one of the following two steps of a step of additionally depositing the vapor phase synthetic single crystal diamond after flattening the seed substrate for which the flattening is necessary based on the determination and a step of additionally depositing the vapor phase synthetic single crystal diamond without flattening the seed substrate for which the flattening is not necessary based on the determination.

Abstract: The present invention is a direct-current plasma CVD apparatus comprising at least a fixed electrode and a substrate stage having a top flat face and combined with an electrode for placing a substrate, in which the substrate stage top face is not located on a line extended from a center of the fixed electrode in vertical direction, and an angle formed between a line of a length R connecting a center of the substrate stage top face with the center of the fixed electrode and the line extended in vertical direction from the center of the fixed electrode is 90° or less. As a result, there is provided a direct-current plasma CVD apparatus in which a high quality vapor phase growth film, such as diamond of a large area having few defects caused by the fall of the substances produced at the fixed electrode, can be obtained.

Abstract: A vehicle driving system control apparatus includes a regeneration control section that performs a regeneration control when a vehicle is decelerated. In the regeneration control, the regeneration control section drives at least one of a first motor generator and a second motor generator with a power of an axle so as to charge a battery with an electric power generated with the at least one of the first motor generator and the second motor generator. The regeneration control section selects a mode of the regeneration control by controlling engagement and disengagement statuses of first to third clutches in correspondence with at least one of a target energy regeneration amount, a required brake torque and a vehicle speed.

Abstract: A main shaft has a shaft cylindrical portion extending from an outer periphery of a large-diameter portion. A drum has a drum cylindrical portion extending from an outer periphery of a drum plate portion. An axial forward end of the drum cylindrical portion is arranged in an inside of the shaft cylindrical portion. A frictional engagement unit of a clutch is provided in an inside of the shaft cylindrical portion. A motor generator has a rotor, which is firmly fitted to outer walls of the large-diameter portion and the shaft cylindrical portion and rotatable relative to a stator. A working-oil supply passage is formed in an inside of an input shaft.

Abstract: Diamond is grown on a substrate (S) from a mixture of a carbon-containing gas and hydrogen gas, by a DC plasma enhanced CVD process of applying a DC voltage between a stage electrode (12) for holding the substrate (S) and a voltage-applying electrode (13). During the step of growing diamond by applying a DC voltage, a single pulse voltage of opposite polarity to the DC voltage for diamond growth is applied between the stage electrode and the voltage-applying electrode at a predetermined timing. Diamond of quality is produced at a stable growth rate.

Abstract: A vehicle driving system control apparatus includes a power transmission device and a power transmission control section. The power transmission device includes an engine input shaft, a motor input shaft, an output shaft, an engine-side gear mechanism transmitting a power of the engine input shaft to the output shaft, a motor-side gear mechanism transmitting a power of the motor input shaft to the output shaft, a first clutch enables and disables a power transmission between the engine input shaft and the motor input shaft, a second clutch enables and disables a power transmission between the motor-side gear mechanism and the output shaft, and a third clutch enables and disables a power transmission between the engine-side gear mechanism and the output shaft. The power transmission control section determines statuses of the clutches and required torques of motor generators in correspondence with a rotation speed of an axle.

Abstract: A first tubular shaft is placed on a radially outer side of a countershaft. A second tubular shaft is placed on a radially outer side of the first tubular shaft. A first driven gear is provided at one end portion of the first tubular shaft and is meshed with a first drive gear. A second driven gear is provided at one end portion of the second tubular shaft and is meshed with a second drive gear. A second secondary coupling portion is provided at the countershaft. A second primary coupling portion is provided at the other end portion of the first tubular shaft. The second primary coupling portion is engageable with the second secondary coupling portion. A third primary coupling portion is provided at the other end portion of the second tubular shaft. The third primary coupling portion is engageable with the second secondary coupling portion.

Abstract: A base material for growing a single crystal diamond that includes at least a single crystal SiC substrate, and an iridium film or a rhodium film heteroepitaxially grown on a side of the single crystal SiC substrate where the single crystal diamond is to be grown. As a result, there is provided a base material for growing a single crystal diamond and a method for producing a single crystal diamond substrate which can grow the single crystal diamond having a large area and good crystallinity and produce a high quality single crystal diamond substrate at low cost.

Abstract: A substrate-incorporated capacitor includes a first electrode extending in a predetermined direction, a dielectric layer arranged on part of the first electrode, a second electrode arranged on the dielectric layer and facing the first electrode through the dielectric layer, and an electrode layer arranged on the first electrode surrounding the dielectric layer and connected to the first electrode. Part of the electrode layer is arranged on an end of the dielectric layer and is spaced apart from the second electrode in the predetermined direction, and the part of the electrode layer faces the first electrode through the dielectric layer.

Abstract: A substrate-incorporated capacitor includes a first electrode extending in a predetermined direction, a dielectric layer arranged on the first electrode, a second electrode arranged on the dielectric layer and facing the first electrode through the dielectric layer, wherein the second electrode includes an end projecting from the dielectric layer in the predetermined direction, and an electrode layer spaced apart from the first electrode in the predetermined direction. The end of the second electrode is connected to the electrode layer in the predetermined direction. The electrode layer includes a surface that is flush with a surface of the first electrode.

Abstract: A main shaft has a shaft cylindrical portion extending from an outer periphery of a large-diameter portion. A drum has a drum cylindrical portion extending from an outer periphery of a drum plate portion. An axial forward end of the drum cylindrical portion is arranged in an inside of the shaft cylindrical portion. A frictional engagement unit of a clutch is provided in an inside of the shaft cylindrical portion. A motor generator has a rotor, which is firmly fitted to outer walls of the large-diameter portion and the shaft cylindrical portion and rotatable relative to a stator. A working-oil supply passage is formed in an inside of an input shaft.

Abstract: The magnetic signal reproduction system comprises a magnetic recording medium comprising a magnetic layer comprising a ferromagnetic powder and a binder on a nonmagnetic support; and a reproduction head, wherein a number of protrusions equal to or greater than 10 nm in height on the magnetic layer surface, as measured by an atomic force microscope, ranges from 50 to 2500/10,000 ?m2, a quantity of lubricant on the magnetic layer surface, denoted as a surface lubricant index, ranges from 0.5 to 5.0, a surface abrasive occupancy of the magnetic layer ranges from 2 to 20 percent, and the reproduction head is a magnetoresistive magnetic head comprising a spin-valve layer.

Abstract: The present invention is a multilayer substrate comprising, at least, a single crystal substrate, a diamond film vapor-deposited on the single crystal substrate, wherein the single crystal substrate is a single crystal Ir or a single crystal Rh and a method for producing a multilayer substrate comprising, at least, a step of vapor-depositing a diamond film on a single crystal substrate, wherein a single crystal Ir or a single crystal Rh is used as the single crystal substrate. As a result, there is provided a multilayer substrate having a high quality single crystal diamond film with a large area and with a high crystallinity as a continuous film in which the diamond and the single crystal substrate are not broken and a method for producing the multilayer substrate at low cost.

Abstract: The present invention is a multilayer substrate comprising, at least, a single crystal substrate, a diamond film vapor-deposited on the single crystal substrate, wherein the single crystal substrate is a single crystal Ir or a single crystal Rh and a method for producing a multilayer substrate comprising, at least, a step of vapor-depositing a diamond film on a single crystal substrate, wherein a single crystal Ir or a single crystal Rh is used as the single crystal substrate. As a result, there is provided a multilayer substrate having a high quality single crystal diamond film with a large area and with a high crystallinity as a continuous film in which the diamond and the single crystal substrate are not broken and a method for producing the multilayer substrate at low cost.

Abstract: The magnetic signal reproduction system comprises a magnetic recording medium comprising a magnetic layer comprising a ferromagnetic powder and a binder on a nonmagnetic support; and a reproduction head, wherein a number of protrusions equal to or greater than 10 nm in height on the magnetic layer surface, as measured by an atomic force microscope, ranges from 50 to 2500/10,000 ?m2, a quantity of lubricant on the magnetic layer surface, denoted as a surface lubricant index, ranges from 0.5 to 5.0, a surface abrasive occupancy of the magnetic layer ranges from 2 to 20 percent, and the reproduction head is a magnetoresistive magnetic head comprising a spin-valve layer.