Abstract: A reclosable cross-bottom sack is provided over the cross-bottom with a cover sheet having an incision and lines of weakness. A flattened tubular plastics emptying nipple for the sack is folded and cut at one end to define flaps, extends through the incision and is secured to the sheet by its flaps to lie between the cross-bottom and the cover sheet.

Abstract: A reclosable sack having a cross-bottom formed by folded-over side flaps has the confronting edges of the flaps spaced apart to define a slideway for a closure strip which is provided with a hole and is retained in the slideway by a cover sheet. When the closure strip is slid to a position where the hole is out of registry with emptying holes pierced in the material overlying and underlying the strip, the sack is substantially sealed.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of soft and hard resins, and their use in surface-coating binders are disclosed. According to the invention, soft and hard resins are prepared from a urea, formaldehyde and a CH-acidic aldehyde by reacting a urea of the general formula (I) or (II) ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are hydrogen or identical or different alkyl, A is alkylene and X is oxygen or sulfur, with formaldehyde and a CH-acidic aldehyde of the general formula (III) ##STR2## where R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are identical or different alkyl, aryl or alkylaryl wherein the urea, formaldehyde and CH-acidic aldehyde are employed in a mole ratio of from 1:2:2 to 1:4:4, at from 60.degree. to 150.degree. C., in the presence of an acid and in the presence or absence of a solvent and/or diluent, and then treating the product with a base in an anhydrousmedium.

Abstract: A plastics sack made from tubular material has one end of the tube folded to form a base defined by two triangular tucks interconnected by a welded-on or heat sealed joining strip, and two side flaps which incorporate the ends of the joining strip. A cover sheet is adhered over part of the corner tucks and over only one of the side flaps. The other side flap can be pulled out from beneath the cover sheet to form a controlled outlet for the sack contents or is temporarily secured to the outside of the cover sheet so that it can be readily detached for the same purpose.

Abstract: The woven tubing is continuously advanced and is opened and backed from the inside in a certain region, in which plastics material tubing which is larger in diameter than the woven tubing is extruded and oriented around and is forced in a soft condition against the woven tubing and then cooled.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the automatic evaluation of stereoscopic images by the determination of the maximum degree of correlation of identical images of an object reproduced by two objectives, for example for a range finder, wherein the two images are superimposed on one and/or two position frequency filters (82, 21, 31, 32) identical in their structures; the respective superimposed signal produced is fed respectively to one photoelectric receiver (13,14,43,44); and the output signals of the photoelectric receivers are used for indicating and/or control purposes. In one embodiment the position frequency filter (82) is moved and the output signals are correlated with each other. In another embodiment the output signals are subtracted from each other.

Abstract: A bucket wheel charging valve having an outer enclosing housing with first and second counter-rotatable wheels on parallel axes therein with each wheel having cells along the periphery with the cell walls swung on an axis coincident with the opposite wheel and the tip end of the spokes between the cells sweeping the cells of the opposite wheel as each wheel is incrementally advanced while the other cell is stationary.

Abstract: A method for producing photographic stills comprises producing a video signal by electronic high resolution scanning of the object to be photographed, writing the video signal into intermediate storage and reading the signal out of intermediate storage to write a photographic still, the time for writing the video signal into intermediate storage being shorter than the time for writing the still. An apparatus for producing photographic stills includes a electronic camera tube and a permanent storage means into which the video signal provided by the camera is written more rapidly than it is read out. The apparatus may also include an inverting video signal storage unit and associated repetition generator.

Abstract: A device for interconnecting longitudinally profiled plates to be covered by foamed material, especially plates with a trapezoidal or corrugated profile, according to which one end of one plate and the start of the next following plate are clamped at a predetermined distance from each other and are held in clamping members forming part of one and the same carriage which is moved along a predetermined path. While the plates are thus being moved first adhesive tapes are applied to the plates across the gap between the plates in the direction of movement of the plates, and subsequently an adhesive tape is applied to the plates over the gap between the plates in a direction transverse to the first adhesive tapes.

Abstract: A process for producing shaped bodies which are essentially hollow with particularly configured cavities at each end of the body. The process includes a unique step of simultaneously forming the final configured cavity at one end of the body and reducing the exterior diameter of the same end of the body.

Abstract: Apparatus to automatically analyze stereoscopic images comprising the determination of the maximum degree of correlation between two similar images of the same object projected by two objectives, for instance in a rangefinder, wherein the two images are superimposed on one or two spatial frequency filters identical in their structures, and wherein the particular generated superimposition signal, is preferably applied to a particular photoelectric detector and wherein the output signals from the latter are used for display and/or control purposes. The apparatus is improved by a system (20,20',21,21',22-25; 30-34) for generating a reference beam indicating mechanical changes affecting the image position of at least one of the measuring beams, at least one photoelectric detector (28,29;40) being associated with the one reference beam, the output signals from the one detector corresponding to the mechanical changes being used to display and/or correct the changes or the effects of same.

Abstract: A hammer mill has a plurality of hammer assemblies pivotally mounted about the periphery of a rotating rotor. Each hammer assembly has an arm portion connected to a pivot shaft and carrying a detachable head with slightly inclined impact surface. An equalization mass is attached to a rear side of the arm portion with its center of gravity rearwardly of a line between the center of gravity of the entire hammer assembly and the pivot shaft. As the material of the hammer wears away, the center of gravity of the assembly moves rearwardly, pivoting the hammer head forwardly under the centrifugal forces imposed. The wearing life of the head is increased and an optimum impact angle is maintained by the equalization weight. The head is made detachable from the arm but is positively locked during operation.

Abstract: Apparatus for the photoelectrical determination of the position of at least one focusing plane of an image comprising an imaging optics, at least one spatial frequency filter in the form of a structure or grating mounted in the vicinity of one image plane of said imaging optics, a photoelectric receiver system associated with the filter containing at least one detector and receiving light fluxes leaving this filter, at least one means for generating a relative motion between the structure or grating and the object image, and means for analyzing the output signals from the photoelectric receiver system for distance display and/or focusing of the apparatus. The apparatus is improved by having the imaging optics (10) preceded by wo rhombic prisms (19, 20) so that each pupil half obtains its light through one of the two prisms. A reference beam is provided to show and/or eliminate mechanical changes in the apparatus effecting faultiness of the measuring result.

Abstract: A specimen cartridge is provided for a particle beam device, such as an electron microscope or the like equipped with a specimen table adjustable transverse to the beam axis, the cartridge being insertable into the table along an axis parallel to the beam axis. The cartridge has a conical member having a longitudinal axis and a specimen holder having a plurality of openings for receiving a corresponding number of specimens is secured to the conical member. The holder is rotatable about an axis of rotation eccentric to the longitudinal axis of the conical member.

Abstract: Apparatus for intermittently turning a turbine shaft wherein a ratchet wheel is secured upon the shaft and is engaged intermittently by a to and fro movement of a ratchet arm actuated by a reciprocating drive mechanism. The ratchet arm has a combined rectilinear and pivotal movement and is provided with a device, operable in the event the ratchet wheel is put into rotation by starting up of the turbine while the ratchet arm is engaged with the ratchet wheel, for detaining the arm against a return pivotal movement towards the ratchet wheel after being hurled outwardly therefrom to a predetermined position.