Abstract: Disclosed is a rubber composition obtained by chemically blending rubber with a filler, particularly in which Latex rubber is directly blended with a starch solution obtained by gelatinizing starch in water. Herein, as a coupling agent between Latex rubber and starch, resorcinol-formaldehyde is used. By this, a vulcanized rubber compound is prepared. When resorcinol-formaldehyde is used as a coupling agent during the blending of the Latex rubber with the gelatinized starch solution, it is possible to solve the problem of tensile strength lowering caused by low affinity with rubber. Furthermore, it is possible to inhibit starch loss caused by high water-solubility, during the blending of starch in a liquid state. Also, the physical property of the vulcanized rubber compound can be varied according to the amount of the added coupling agent.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus to extend TDC resolution to better than 1 ps without incurring a matching and power penalty. Higher resolution can be achieved by segmenting the resolution between a mismatch free re-circulating time-to-digital converter (RTDC) and a stochastic time-to-digital converter (STDC). The disclosed RTDC replicates the same delay element to eliminate mismatch with the required dynamic range (200 ps for a 5 GHz example) and moderate resolution (3-5 ps typical corresponding to 6-7 bits for the 5 GHz case). While the STDC can achieve a resolution of 50 fs but with a range of only 3-5 ps which also corresponds to approximately 6-7 additional bits by exploiting process variations and mismatch to achieve a very fine resolution with limited dynamic range.

Abstract: The inventive concept provides methods for inhibiting the formation of one or more oxides on metal bumps during the formation of solder joint structures and solder joint structures including one or more preservative films. In some embodiments, the solder joint structure includes a metal bump having a preservative film disposed on the surface thereof.

Abstract: A backlight unit includes a plurality of light emitting diodes as a light source; a board having a rectangular shape and including a plurality of metal lines each extending along a first direction, wherein the plurality of light emitting diodes are arranged on the board and respectively connected to the plurality of metal lines; a pad portion attached on a side, which is parallel to the first direction, of the board and including first to Nth pads respectively connected to the plurality of metal lines, wherein N is a positive integer; a driving circuit connected to the first to Nth pads and providing a driving signal into the plurality of light emitting diodes; and an optical member at a side of the light emitting diodes and for improving a light property.

Abstract: The present invention relates to bacteria which specifically target infracted tissue and use thereof. The present invention provides a selective infracted tissue-targeting bacterium for the first time, and can be used in selectively delivering drugs to the infracted tissue or in selectively imaging the infracted tissue. The infracted tissue-targeting bacterium of the present invention can finish treatments by using antibiotics, and therefore, have remarkable advantages as compared to gene therapy using recombinant viruses. The infracted tissue-targeting bacterium of the present invention have a significantly high affinity and specificity to infracted myocardium or infracted brain, thereby significantly reducing undesired transfections in the organs or tissues other than the heart. The gene expression by the infracted tissue-targeting bacterium of the present invention in infracted myocardium or infracted brain is remotely controllable.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes a plurality of memory blocks configured to include memory cells, a voltage supply circuit configured to supply an erase voltage for an erase operation of a memory block selected from the memory blocks and supply an erase verify voltage and an erase pass voltage for an erase verify operation of the memory block selected from the memory blocks, and a control logic configured to group word lines per specific word lines, when the erase verify operation for the selected memory block is performed, and control the voltage supply circuit so that one or more of the erase verify voltage and the erase pass voltage rise whenever the erase verify operation is performed.

Abstract: Discussed are an ink containing nanoparticles for formation of thin film of a solar cell and its preparation method, CIGS thin film solar cell having at least one light absorption layer formed by coating or printing the above ink containing nanoparticles on a rear electrode, and a process for manufacturing the same. More particularly, the above absorption layer includes Cu, In, Ga and Se elements as constitutional ingredients thereof and such elements exist in the light absorption layer by coating or printing an ink that contains Cu2Se nanoparticles and (In,Ga)2Se3 nanoparticles on the rear electrode, and heating the treated electrode with the ink. Since Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) thin film is formed using the ink containing nanoparticles, a simple process is used without requirement of vacuum processing or complex equipment and particle size of the thin film, Ga doping concentration, etc., can be easily regulated.

Abstract: Provided is a tabletop interface system. A tabletop input device diffuses an infrared light emitted based on at least one touch input from a user. A tabletop output device allows the diffused infrared light to pass therethrough to display content information corresponding to at least one touch point. The tabletop recognition device recognizes the at least one touch point by generating a touch image data based on the infrared light passing through the tabletop output device and generates touch point information by using the touch image data. The content server transmits the content information, which corresponds to the touch point information received from the tabletop recognition device, to at least one content client application.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes a memory string coupled to a bit line, a page buffer configured to sense a sensing current of the bit line in an erase verification operation or a program verification operation, and a sensing control circuit configured to differently set a level of the sensing current in the erase verification operation and the program verification operation in order to sense the threshold voltage level of a selected memory cell of the memory string.

Abstract: A method of erasing and programming a flash memory device including multi-level cells (MLCs). MLCs of a word line are selected and some of the MLCs are pre-programmed based on whether their individual threshold voltages are included in a first voltage range. The selected MLCs are pre-programmed with a pre-program (first) voltage; and the remaining MLCs are prohibited from pre-programming; then the remaining MLCs connected to the selected word line are programmed by applying a program (second) voltage that gradually rises from the pre-program voltage at a ratio of a step voltage n for the selected line.

Abstract: Erase and program methods of a flash memory device including MLCs for increasing the program speed. In the erase method, MLCs are pre-programmed so that a voltage range in which threshold voltages of MLCs are distributed can be reduced. Therefore, a fail occurrence ratio can be reduced when erasing MLCs, the threshold voltage distribution of MLCs can be improved and an overall program time can be shortened in a subsequent program operation.

Abstract: A system for providing banking services by use of a mobile communication system, in which a variety of financial transactions including inquiry of at least one financial account of at least one financial institution, transfer and remittance, and loan and its interest payment are processed by the mobile communication system. The system includes: the mobile communication system, provided with an integrated circuit (IC) card and a memory device to which a banking application is installed, for transmitting and receiving data by wireless, the IC card being stored with information on a personal identification number (PIN) and information related to financial accounts including a loan account.

Abstract: Disclosed are an ink containing nanoparticles for formation of thin film of a solar cell and its preparation method, CIGS thin film solar cell having at least one light absorption layer formed by coating or printing the above ink containing nanoparticles on a rear electrode, and a process for manufacturing the same. More particularly, the above absorption layer comprises Cu, In, Ga and Se elements as constitutional ingredients thereof and such elements exist in the light absorption layer by coating or printing an ink that contains Cu2Se nanoparticles and (In,Ga)2Se3 nanoparticles on the rear electrode, and heating the treated electrode with the ink. According to the present invention, since Cu(In,Ga)Se2, that is, CIGS, thin film is formed using the ink containing nanoparticles, a simple process is preferably used without requirement of vacuum processing or complex equipment and particle size of the thin film, Ga doping concentration, etc. can be easily regulated.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for domain name autoconfiguration in an IP-based wireless sensor network is provided. The method includes: receiving sensor node information including position information for representing an installed position of a sensor node, a type of data to be provided by the sensor node, and an internet address of the sensor node; searching for area information including an administrative address corresponding to the position information of the sensor node; generating a domain name of the sensor node based on a type of the sensed data and the found area information; and binding the generated domain name with an internet address of the sensor node and registering the bound result in a domain name server.

Abstract: A backlight unit includes a plurality of light emitting diodes as a light source; a board having a rectangular shape and including a plurality of metal lines each extending along a first direction, wherein the plurality of light emitting diodes are arranged on the board and respectively connected to the plurality of metal lines; a pad portion attached on a side, which is parallel to the first direction, of the board and including first to Nth pads respectively connected to the plurality of metal lines, wherein N is a positive integer; a driving circuit connected to the first to Nth pads and providing a driving signal into the plurality of light emitting diodes; and an optical member at a side of the light emitting diodes and for improving a light property.

Abstract: A collaborative virtual reality system and a method for molecular modeling are disclosed.

Abstract: A semiconductor device including a metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitor is manufactured such that a via for connecting upper and lower conductive layers is formed through an insulating interlayer after a silicon nitride layer is deposited as a thick layer on the insulating interlayer. This protects an edge of a MIM structure during an etching process that forms the via. In addition, a fluorine gas can be used in a gas stripping process to remove a polymer residue when stripping the photoresist used to form the via. The MIM capacitor has an insulator layer. The method of manufacturing the device includes forming an insulator layer of the MIM capacitor to a predetermined thickness on the insulating interlayer. The predetermined thickness is equal to the desired thickness plus an augmentation thickness, and the augmentation thickness is determined according to the stripping process for removing the photoresist pattern.

Abstract: Erase and program methods of a flash memory device including MLCs for increasing the program speed are described. In the erase method, MLCs are pre-programmed so that a voltage range in which threshold voltages of MLCs are distributed can be reduced. Therefore, a fail occurrence ratio can be reduced when erasing MLCs, the threshold voltage distribution of MLCs can be improved and an overall program time can be shortened in a subsequent program operation.

Abstract: Erase and program methods of a flash memory device including MLCs for increasing the program speed are described. In the erase method, MLCs are pre-programmed so that a voltage range in which threshold voltages of MLCs are distributed can be reduced. Therefore, a fail occurrence ratio can be reduced when erasing MLCs, the threshold voltage distribution of MLCs can be improved and an overall program time can be shortened in a subsequent program operation.

Abstract: Provided are a coordinator, a gateway, and a transmission method for applying IPv6 in a wireless sensor network (WSN). Dual addressing of a link local address using a short address used in the WSN and a global unicast address using an extended unique identifier (EUI) of a node makes it possible to support mobility of the WSN and communicate data with an external network.