Abstract: A method of cleaning a substrate includes providing the substrate, the substrate including a metal material film, performing physical cleaning of the substrate, performing chemical cleaning of the substrate, and drying a surface of the substrate. Performing the chemical cleaning includes supplying a chemical cleaning solution including an anionic surfactant at a concentration that is equal to or greater than a critical micelle concentration (CMC) onto the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A semiconductor cleaning process system includes a process chamber configured to hold a semiconductor substrate, a cleaning solution supply unit configured to provide a cleaning solution to the process chamber, the cleaning solution including an organic fluoride, an organic acid and an organic solvent, a recycling unit configured to collect the cleaning solution discharged from the process chamber, a first concentration measuring unit configured to evaluate a fluorine concentration of a collected solution in the recycling unit, and a sub-cleaning solution supply unit configured to provide the organic fluoride to the cleaning solution supply unit based on the fluorine concentration evaluated by the first concentration measuring unit.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating a virtual engine sound is provided. The apparatus includes a rotating bracket member that is disposed within a wheel of a vehicle and includes movement space therein, and elastic bodies, each of which has a first end fixed to a substantial rotation center position of the rotating bracket member. In addition, the apparatus includes weight bodies which are fixed to a second end of the elastic body, and are configured to move within the movement space based on a rotation speed of the wheel of the vehicle, and selectively contact the rotating bracket member.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus for treating a substrate and a method of treating substrates. The apparatus includes an inlet valve through which the supercritical fluid flows into the process chamber until an inner pressure of the process chamber reaches a first pressure and a turbulent flow generator turbulently supplementing the supercritical fluid into the process chamber until the inner pressure of the process chamber is recovered to the first pressure. A pressure drop module partially removes a supercritical mixture from the process chamber until the inner pressure of the process chamber is dropped to the second pressure. A pressure drop mode and a supplemental mode may be alternately repeated by the flow controller.

Abstract: A composition for removing photoresist, including an alkyl ammonium fluoride salt in an amount ranging from about 0.5 weight percent to about 10 weight percent, based on a total weight of the composition; an organic sulfonic acid in an amount ranging from about 1 weight percent to about 20 weight percent, based on the total weight of the composition; and a lactone-based solvent in an amount ranging from about 70 weight percent to about 98.5 weight percent, based on the total weight of the composition.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a novel use of bamboo on the promotion of bone length growth. More specifically, it is directed to a pharmaceutical composition, a food composition and/or an animal feed composition for promoting bone growth, comprising a bamboo as an effective ingredient. Further, it is also directed to a method for promoting bone growth, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a bamboo. Since the composition of the present invention comprising bamboo as an effective ingredient is effective for promoting the growth of the growth plates and the long bones, it is effective for promoting the growth and the formation of skeletal frame in infants, children and teenagers during their growth period. In addition, the composition of the present invention is effective for the treatment of height growth solely or in combination with growth hormone therapies.

Abstract: A cleaning solution composition includes an organic solvent in which a metal fluoride does not dissolve, at least one fluoride compound that generates bifluoride (HF2?), and deionized water, wherein the deionized water may be included in a concentration of 1.5 wt % or lower based on the total weight of the cleaning solution composition.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating a virtual engine sound is provided. The apparatus includes a rotating bracket member that is disposed within a wheel of a vehicle and includes movement space therein, and elastic bodies, each of which has a first end fixed to a substantial rotation center position of the rotating bracket member. In addition, the apparatus includes weight bodies which are fixed to a second end of the elastic body, and are configured to move within the movement space based on a rotation speed of the wheel of the vehicle, and selectively contact the rotating bracket member.

Abstract: A CPR training simulation system is provided. The system obtains signals from various sensor installed in a dummy. Specifically, the system obtains signals representing pressure applied to the dummy, bending degree of an air pocket, and expansion of airway in the dummy. Using the obtained data, the system calculates a flow rate representing air flow via the airway of the dummy and compares with a reference flow rate. The system may include an portable terminal for displaying various guide for a trainee during CPR training.

Abstract: A cleaning solution composition includes an organic solvent in which a metal fluoride does not dissolve, at least one fluoride compound that generates bifluoride (HF2?), and deionized water, wherein the deionized water may be included in a concentration of 1.5 wt % or lower based on the total weight of the cleaning solution composition.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system and method for controlling a virtual engine sound of a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle. More specifically, the system includes a sensor for detecting when the vehicle is inside an enclosure; a virtual engine sound generation portion for generating the virtual engine sound of the vehicle; and a control portion for receiving data detected by the sensor to control the virtual engine sound based upon whether or not the vehicle is inside the enclosure, and transmitting a control signal corresponding to the data to the virtual engine generation portion.

Abstract: A sealing member includes a body having a ring shape, a lower contacting portion protruding from a lower end of the body and having at least one recess, the recess provided in a lower surface of the lower contacting portion and extending in a radial direction of the body, and an outer contacting portion protruding outwards from the body along an outer side portion of the body.

Abstract: The present invention is related to hybrid conjugates formed by covalently bonding siRNA (small interfering RNA) molecules to hydrophilic polymers for improving stability of the siRNA molecules effective for delivering the siRNA in vivo, and polyelectrolyte complex micelles formed by ionic interactions between the conjugates and multifunctional cationic compounds. The siRNA-hydrophilic polymer conjugates and polyelectrolyte complex micelles derived therefrom can be used for improving stability of the siRNA molecules in vivo. Consequently, the delivery of siRNA molecules for therapeutic applications into cells can be facilitated, and the siRNA is still active even though a small dose of the siRNA is used.

Abstract: An active noise control apparatus for an intake system of a vehicle may include a filter mounted on a portion of the intake system for blocking foreign materials; and a speaker assembly detachably installed at the portion to which the filter is mounted.

Abstract: A functional health food containing Humulus japonicus extract as an active ingredient for preventing or improving metabolic disorders or for weight loss, a pharmaceutical composition containing Humulus japonicus extract as an active ingredient for preventing or treating metabolic disorders, a functional health food containing Humulus japonicus extract as an active ingredient for preventing or improving fatty liver, and a functional health food containing Humulus japonicus extract as an active ingredient for inhibiting the accumulation of visceral fat.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an apparatus for generating an operating sound of a vehicle, which does not require a separate installation space and thus imposes no spatial limitations on the design of the vehicle. The apparatus includes a rotatable mechanism and a film The rotatable mechanism is driven by a motor, and is provided with a plurality of blades. The film is provided on at least one of the blades, a first end of the film being secured to an edge of the blade and a second end being a free end.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new use of phosphatidylcholine, and more particularly to a composition for toxicity reduction of an anti-cancer agent, and an anti-cancer adjuvant, comprising phosphatidylcholine as an active ingredient.

Abstract: An active noise control apparatus for an intake system of a vehicle may include a filter mounted on a portion of the intake system for blocking foreign materials; and a speaker assembly detachably installed at the portion to which the filter is mounted.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system and method for controlling a virtual engine sound of a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle. More specifically, the system includes a sensor for detecting when the vehicle is inside; a virtual engine sound generation portion for generating the virtual engine sound of the vehicle; and a control portion for receiving data detected by the sensor to control the virtual engine sound based upon whether or not the vehicle is inside, and transmitting a control signal corresponding to the data to the virtual engine generation portion.

Abstract: Disclosed is a conjugate for gene transfer, which is capable of being used for treatment of incurable diseases, comprising an oligonucleotide intended to be transferred into target cells and a hydrophilic polymer, wherein an end of the oligonucleotide is covalently conjugated to the hydrophilic polymer. Also, the present invention discloses polyelectrolyte complex micelles formed from such a conjugate and a cationic polymer or cationic peptide. Such polyelectrolyte complex micelles can effectively transfer oligonucleotides as therapeutic agents into target cells, making it possible to obtain desired activities of the delivered oligonucleotides in target cells even when the micelles are clinically applied at a relatively low concentration. Therefore, the conjugate and the polyelectrolyte complex micelle are very useful in basic life science research and the medical field.