Abstract: Disclosed herein is an apparatus for generating an operating sound of a vehicle, which does not require a separate installation space and thus imposes no spatial limitations on the design of the vehicle. The apparatus includes a rotatable mechanism and a film The rotatable mechanism is driven by a motor, and is provided with a plurality of blades. The film is provided on at least one of the blades, a first end of the film being secured to an edge of the blade and a second end being a free end.

Abstract: An arginine-grafted bioreducible poly(disulfide amine) (“ABP”) as a reagent for efficient and nontoxic gene delivery is described. ABP forms positively charged nano-particles of less than 200 nm with siRNA. ABP is biodegraded under reducing conditions, such as in the cytoplasm. ABP exhibits much higher transfection efficiency than polyethyleneimine in mammalian cells and exhibits no cytotoxicity. ABP is an effective delivery vehicle for gene silencing with siRNA and may be used for treating cancer.

Abstract: An arginine-grafted bioreducible poly(disulfide amine) (“ABP”) as a reagent for efficient and nontoxic gene delivery is described. ABP forms positively charged nano-particles of less than 200 nm with siRNA. ABP is biodegraded under reducing conditions, such as in the cytoplasm. ABP exhibits much higher transfection efficiency than polyethyleneimine in mammalian cells and exhibits no cytotoxicity. ABP is an effective delivery vehicle for gene silencing with siRNA and may be used for treating cancer.

Abstract: An abnormal condition detection circuit, an integrated circuit (IC) card having a central processing unit (CPU), and a method of operating the CPU, allow the CPU to be reset when an abnormal condition is detected in the IC card. The IC card includes the CPU, a non-volatile memory, an abnormal condition detection circuit, and a reset signal generator. The IC card includes detectors that detect a corresponding abnormal condition in the IC card, and an enable signal generation circuit that generates a reset enable signal and an interrupt enable signal in response to an interrupt control signal and a detection signal output from at least one of the detectors. The reset signal generator generates a reset signal in response to the reset enable signal. The CPU is reset in response to the reset signal and interrupted in response to the interrupt enable signal.

Abstract: An abnormal condition detection circuit, an integrated circuit (IC) card having a central processing unit (CPU), and a method of operating the CPU, allow the CPU to be reset when an abnormal condition is detected in the IC card. The IC card includes the CPU, a non-volatile memory, an abnormal condition detection circuit, and a reset signal generator. The IC card includes detectors that detect a corresponding abnormal condition in the IC card, and an enable signal generation circuit that generates a reset enable signal and an interrupt enable signal in response to an interrupt control signal and a detection signal output from at least one of the detectors. The reset signal generator generates a reset signal in response to the reset enable signal. The CPU is reset in response to the reset signal and interrupted in response to the interrupt enable signal.

Abstract: An abnormal condition detection circuit, an integrated circuit (IC) card having a central processing unit (CPU), and a method of operating the CPU, allow the CPU to be reset when an abnormal condition is detected in the IC card. The IC card includes the CPU, a non-volatile memory, an abnormal condition detection circuit, and a reset signal generator. The IC card includes detectors that detect a corresponding abnormal condition in the IC card, and an enable signal generation circuit that generates a reset enable signal and an interrupt enable signal in response to an interrupt control signal and a detection signal output from at least one of the detectors. The reset signal generator generates a reset signal in response to the reset enable signal. The CPU is reset in response to the reset signal and interrupted in response to the interrupt enable signal.

Abstract: Noise from fuel returning to a cylinder and from bubbles contained in the returning fuel is reduced by positioning a nozzle with a plurality of penetration holes, each with much less sectional area than a flow sectional area for returning fuel. The nozzle is also equipped with a guide section installed to change the proceeding direction of the fuel passing through the penetration holes and the fuel return valve.

Abstract: A method for controlling an Internet information security system of a sender, for packet security in an IP level, is provided. It is determined whether to select security services of packets by referring to security policy database and security association database. Security association is negotiated with a key exchange server of a receiver. The negotiated security association is stored in a key management server. A security policy related with the security association is linked. A packet is sent by using the linked security policy and the security association.