Abstract: This application describes methods and apparatus for loudspeaker protection. A loudspeaker protection system (100) is described having a first frequency band-splitter (102) for splitting an input audio signal (Vin) into a plurality of audio signals (v1, v2 . . . , vn) in different respective frequency bands (?1, ?2 . . . , ?n). A first gain block (103) is configured to apply a respective frequency band gain (g1, g2 . . . , g3) to each of the audio signals in the different respective frequency bands and a gain controller (107, 108, 109) is provided for controlling the respective band gains. A displacement modeller (104, 105) determines a plurality of displacement signals (x1, x2 . . . , xn) based on the input audio signal (Vin) and a displacement model (104a) where each displacement signal corresponds to a modelled cone displacement for the loudspeaker for one of said different respective frequency bands.

Abstract: This application describes methods and apparatus for loudspeaker protection. A loudspeaker protection system (1100) is described having a first frequency band-splitter (102) for splitting an input audio signal (Vin) into a plurality of audio signals (v1, v2 . . . ,vn) in different respective frequency bands (?1, ?2 . . . ??). A first gain block (103) is configured to apply a respective frequency band gain (gt1, gt2 . . . ,gt3) to each of the audio signals in the different respective frequency bands and a gain controller (109; 1101) is provided for controlling the respective band gains. A thermal controller (1101) determines, for each of a plurality of the different respective frequency bands, a power dissipation for the loudspeaker in that frequency band and also determines a respective thermal gain setting based on the determined power dissipation for that frequency band. The gain controller is configured to control the respective frequency band gains based on the thermal gain settings.

Abstract: The present invention provides a medical electrode, which comprises an annular adhesive pad (203) to be attached to a living being, a conductive pad (205) disposed in the central hole (207) of the annular adhesive pad, a first conductive snap element (209), a conductive element (211) and a sealing film (213). The conductive element (211) is configured to establish electrical communication between the conductive pad (205) and the first conductive snap element (209) and the sealing film (213) is attached to the annular adhesive pad (203) and to fix at least a portion of the conductive element (211) between the annular adhesive pad (203) and the sealing film (213). The flexibility and/or length of the conductive element is chosen to be large enough so as to allow the first conductive snap element (209) to move without causing the conductive pad (205) to move, resulting in reliable electrical contact between the conductive pad and the skin of the living being.

Abstract: A speaker model may implement a direct voltage-to-excursion model in an adaptive filter for modeling the speaker without developing a first electrical-only model and then converting the model to a mechanical model. The voltage-to-excursion model may allow for modeling of different kinds of speakers, such as sealed, ported, or vented speakers. A transfer function may be developed in the adaptive filter for the voltage-to-excursion model, and that transfer function re-used for prediction of excursion values based on an audio signal. Speaker protection may be performed to take steps to prevent speaker damage when a predicted excursion value exceeds safe limits. The voltage-to-excursion model may operate in displacement or displacement-related domains (e.g., velocity and back emf).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a Cu-based catalyst, a preparation process thereof and its use as the dehydrogenation catalyst in producing a hydroxyketone compound such as acetoin. Said Cu-based catalyst contains copper, at least one auxiliary metal selected from metal of Group IIA, non-noble metal of Group VIII, metal of Group VIB, metal of Group VIIB, metal of Group IIB and lanthanide metal of periodic table of elements, and an alkali metal, and further contains at least one ketone additive selected from a ketone represented by formula (II) and a ketone represented by formula (II?). Said Cu-based catalyst shows a high the acetoin selectivity as the dehydrogenation catalyst for producing acetoin. R1-C(?O)—CH(OH)—R2??(II) R1-C(?O)—CH(?O)—R2??(II?) In formulae (II) and (II?), each group is defined as in the description.

Abstract: The reliability and resilience of a speaker in a portable device may be improved by enabling the device to determine a status of an enclosure of a transducer. The impedance profiles of transducers vary depending on the enclosure status, whether the enclosure is leaky, ported, or sealed. Determination of parameters related to an impedance of a transducer may aid in a determination of the status of the enclosure. Once an enclosure status is determined, that information may be used to determine an excursion model for the transducer. Adapting the excursion model or other audio processing parameters can improve protection and performance of the transducer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a medical electrode comprising a conductive metal base comprising a plate element and a boss formed on the plate element and a conductive support cylinder separate from the conductive metal base. The conductive support cylinder is rotatably mounted to the conductive metal base while remaining in electrical communication with said conductive metal base. The present invention also provides a limb clamp for an ECG device. According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent bending of the cable connecting with the medical electrode, thereby avoiding cable failure.

Abstract: A predictive brownout prevention system may be configured to prevent brownout of an audio output signal. Particularly, the brownout prevention system may be configured to receive information indicative of adaptive estimates of power supply conditions, wherein the information indicative of adaptive estimates of the power supply conditions comprises information regarding a voltage component and a resistive component received from an adaptive battery model of a battery for providing electrical energy to a power supply for generating the power supply voltage and adapt the adaptive battery model based on a monitored battery voltage output by the battery and loading events of the signal path and excluding loading events of components other than the signal path which are powered from the battery.

Abstract: The present invention provides a medical electrode comprising a conductive metal base comprising a plate element and a boss formed on the plate element and a conductive support cylinder separate from the conductive metal base. The conductive support cylinder is rotatably mounted to the conductive metal base while remaining in electrical communication with said conductive metal base. The present invention also provides a limb clamp for an ECG device. According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent bending of the cable connecting with the medical electrode, thereby avoiding cable failure.

Abstract: A method uses web servers to promulgate information from one server to another, instead of promulgating the information by the user to each server individually. A first server receives a first request for promulgating web-information from a user, locally promulgates the web-information, and sends a second request to at least one second website server to instruct the second website server to locally promulgate the web-information. The selection of the second server is done according to a preset configuration file which includes a relationship mapping between the first website server and the second website server. The relationship mapping may provide the user information related to the second website server based on the user information related to the first website server. The present disclosure further discloses a communication apparatus and a communication system.

Abstract: An integrated haptic system may include a digital signal processor and an amplifier communicatively coupled to the digital signal processor and integrated with the digital signal processor into the integrated haptic system. The digital signal processor may be configured to receive a force sensor signal indicative of a force applied to a force sensor and generate a haptic playback signal responsive to the force. The amplifier may be configured to amplify the haptic playback signal and drive a vibrational actuator communicatively coupled to the amplifier with the haptic playback signal as amplified by the amplifier.

Abstract: In accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure, a method may include using an adaptive filter system to estimate a response of an electrical characteristic of a loudspeaker based on an error between a first electrical parameter of the loudspeaker and a second electrical parameter of the loudspeaker and adding a non-zero delay to the first electrical parameter relative to the second electrical parameter prior to calculation of the error such that the adaptive filter system captures a truncated non-causality of the electrical characteristic.

Abstract: Commands for modifying audio playback, such as to mute and unmute or pause and play audio, may be input to a mobile device by a user through interacting with the speaker in the device. The user input may be facilitated by monitoring a characteristic of the speaker and identifying signatures in the changing characteristics of the speaker that correspond with predetermined user activities. For example, a resonance frequency of the speaker may be monitored for a change resulting from a user placing a hand to cover the speaker output. When the resonance frequency change is detected, the audio playback may be muted. The speaker may continue to be monitored for a change indicating removal of the user's hand, and then audio playback may be unmuted.

Abstract: A method uses web servers to promulgate information from one server to another, instead of promulgating the information by the user to each server individually. A first server receives a first request for promulgating web-information from a user, locally promulgates the web-information, and sends a second request to at least one second website server to instruct the second website server to locally promulgate the web-information. The selection of the second server is done according to a preset configuration file which includes a relationship mapping between the first website server and the second website server. The relationship mapping may provide the user information related to the second website server based on the user information related to the first website server. The present disclosure further discloses a communication apparatus and a communication system.

Abstract: The reliability and resilience of a speaker in a portable device may be improved by enabling the device to determine a status of an enclosure of a transducer. The impedance profiles of transducers vary depending on the enclosure status, whether the enclosure is leaky, ported, or sealed. Determination of parameters related to an impedance of a transducer may aid in a determination of the status of the enclosure. Once an enclosure status is determined, that information may be used to determine an excursion model for the transducer. Adapting the excursion model or other audio processing parameters can improve protection and performance of the transducer.

Abstract: A predictive brownout prevention system may be configured to prevent brownout of an audio output signal. Particularly, the brownout prevention system may be configured to receive information indicative of adaptive estimates of power supply conditions, wherein the information indicative of adaptive estimates of the power supply conditions comprises information regarding a voltage component and a resistive component received from an adaptive battery model of a battery for providing electrical energy to a power supply for generating the power supply voltage and adapt the adaptive battery model based on a monitored battery voltage output by the battery and loading events of the signal path and excluding loading events of components other than the signal path which are powered from the battery.

Abstract: A method for interference coordination, a network server, and a communication system are provided. The method includes the following steps. A first macrocell almost blank subframe (ABS) pattern is received from a first macrocell. A second macrocell ABS pattern is received from a second macrocell. A first small cell ABS pattern for a first small cell is determined according to the first macrocell ABS pattern and the second macrocell ABS pattern. The first small cell ABS pattern is transmitted to the first small cell. The first small cell is within a coverage of the first macrocell.

Abstract: In accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure, a method may include using an adaptive filter system to estimate a response of an electrical characteristic of a loudspeaker based on an error between a first electrical parameter of the loudspeaker and a second electrical parameter of the loudspeaker and adding a non-zero delay to the first electrical parameter relative to the second electrical parameter prior to calculation of the error such that the adaptive filter system captures a truncated non-causality of the electrical characteristic.

Abstract: A uniform-distribution filling mechanism for medicinal powder includes a metering disk, a powder storage ring, and a lateral powder blocker. One end of the blocker is provided with a pointed tip, and the other end thereof is provided with a sloping stage. The middle portion of the metering disk is provided with a support shaft, said shaft and the blocker being connected one to the other by means of a support arm. Medicinal powder enters via the pointed tip of the blocker, is evenly agitated, exits via the sloping stage of the blocker, and is evenly dispensed. Thus, the powder is able to enter one side of the blocker and come out the other side thereof such that the powder is evenly dispensed and then uniformly distributed onto the metering disk.

Abstract: A speaker model may implement a direct voltage-to-excursion model in an adaptive filter for modeling the speaker without developing a first electrical-only model and then converting the model to a mechanical model. The voltage-to-excursion model may allow for modeling of different kinds of speakers, such as sealed, ported, or vented speakers. A transfer function may be developed in the adaptive filter for the voltage-to-excursion model, and that transfer function re-used for prediction of excursion values based on an audio signal. Speaker protection may be performed to take steps to prevent speaker damage when a predicted excursion value exceeds safe limits. The voltage-to-excursion model may operate in displacement or displacement-related domains (e.g., velocity and back emf).