Abstract: A composite cathode active material, a method of preparing the composite cathode active material, a cathode including the composite cathode active material, and a lithium battery including the cathode. The composite cathode active material includes a lithium intercalatable material; and a garnet oxide, wherein an amount of the garnet oxide is about 1.9 wt % or less, based on a total weight of the composite cathode active material.

Abstract: A composite cathode active material, a method of preparing the composite cathode active material, a cathode including the composite cathode active material, and a lithium battery including the cathode. The composite cathode active material includes a lithium intercalatable material; and a garnet oxide, wherein an amount of the garnet oxide is about 1.9 wt % or less, based on a total weight of the composite cathode active material.

Abstract: A method of forming a carbon coating includes heat treating lithium transition metal composite oxide Li0.9+aMbM?cNdOe, in an atmosphere of a gas mixture including carbon dioxide and compound CnH(2n+2?a)[OH]a, or compound CnH(2n), wherein M and M? are different from each other and are selected from Ni, Co, Mn, Mo, Cu, Fe, Cr, Ge, Al, Mg, Zr, W, Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt, Sc, Ti, V, Ga, Nb, Ag, Hf, Au, Cs, B, and Ba, and N is different from M and M? and is selected from Ni, Co, Mn, Mo, Cu, Fe, Cr, Ge, Al, Mg, Zr, W, Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt, Sc, Ti, V, Ga, Nb, Ag, Hf, Au, Cs, B, Ba, and a combination thereof, or selected from B, F, S, and P, and at least one of the M, M?, and N comprises Ni, Co, Mn, Mo, Cu, or Fe.

Abstract: An anode active material for a lithium secondary battery, the anode active material including a metal silicide core, a silicon shell disposed on the core, and a metal nitride disposed on a surface of the silicon shell opposite the core.

Abstract: An anode active material for a lithium secondary battery, the anode active material including a metal silicide core, a silicon shell disposed on the core, and a metal nitride disposed on a surface of the silicon shell opposite the core.

Abstract: An operating method of a host includes receiving a request for secure deletion of a first file stored in a storage system, providing an invalidation command to the storage system for invalidating data of the first file, providing an erase command to the storage system for erasing invalidated data included in the storage system, and performing a deletion operation, which is executable on an operating system of the host, on the first file which is deleted by the erase command.

Abstract: A method of operating a host controlling a storage medium includes receiving initial authentication information; setting a portion of a storage space of the storage medium as a protection area; transmitting the received initial authentication information and protection area information with respect to the protection area to the storage medium; and discarding the initial authentication information in the host.

Abstract: A method of forming a carbon coating includes heat treating lithium transition metal composite oxide Li0.9+aMbM?cNdOe, in an atmosphere of a gas mixture including carbon dioxide and compound CnH(2n+2?a)[OH]a, or compound CnH(2n), wherein M and M? are different from each other and are selected from Ni, Co, Mn, Mo, Cu, Fe, Cr, Ge, Al, Mg, Zr, W, Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt, Sc, Ti, V, Ga, Nb, Ag, Hf, Au, Cs, B, and Ba, and N is different from M and M? and is selected from Ni, Co, Mn, Mo, Cu, Fe, Cr, Ge, Al, Mg, Zr, W, Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt, Sc, Ti, V, Ga, Nb, Ag, Hf, Au, Cs, B, Ba, and a combination thereof, or selected from B, F, S, and P, and at least one of the M, M?, and N comprises Ni, Co, Mn, Mo, Cu, or Fe.

Abstract: A method of forming a carbon coating includes heat treating lithium transition metal composite oxide Li0.9+aMbM?cNdOe, in an atmosphere of a gas mixture including carbon dioxide and compound CnH(2n+2?a)[OH]a, wherein n is 1 to 20 and a is 0 or 1, or compound CnH(2n), wherein n is 2 to 6, wherein 0?a?1.6, 0?b?2, 0?c?2, 0?d?2, b, c, and d are not simultaneously equal to 0, e ranges from 1 to 4, M and M? are different from each other and are selected from Ni, Co, Mn, Mo, Cu, Fe, Cr, Ge, Al, Mg, Zr, W, Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt, Sc, Ti, V, Ga, Nb, Ag, Hf, Au, Cs, B, and Ba, and N is different from M and M? and is selected from Ni, Co, Mn, Mo, Cu, Fe, Cr, Ge, Al, Mg, Zr, W, Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt, Sc, Ti, V, Ga, Nb, Ag, Hf, Au, Cs, B, Ba, and a combination thereof, or selected from Ti, V, Si, B, F, S, and P, and at least one of the M, M?, and N comprises Ni, Co, Mn, Mo, Cu, or Fe.

Abstract: An anode for a lithium secondary battery including: a composite anode active material including an anode active material, and a water-soluble polymer disposed on a surface of the anode active material; and a binder disposed on the composite anode active material, the binder including one or more selected from a polyimide, a polyamideimide, a polyamide, and a polyetherimide.

Abstract: A composite cathode active material, a method of preparing the composite cathode active material, a cathode including the composite cathode active material, and a lithium battery including the cathode. The composite cathode active material includes a lithium intercalatable material; and a garnet oxide, wherein an amount of the garnet oxide is about 1.9 wt % or less, based on a total weight of the composite cathode active material.

Abstract: A cathode active material including a lithium metal oxide composite having a first domain and a second domain and represented by Formula 1: x[Li2-y(M1)1-z(M2)y+zO3]-(1?x)[LiMeO2]??Formula 1 wherein 0<x<1, 0?y<1, 0?z<1, 0<y+z<1, M1 includes at least one transition metal, M2 includes at least one metal selected from magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), vanadium (V), zinc (Zn), molybdenum (Mo), niobium (Nb), lanthanum (La), and ruthenium (Ru), and Me includes at least one metal selected from nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg), zirconium (Zr), and boron (B).

Abstract: A surface-treated electrode active material, a method of surface treating an electrode active material, an electrode, and a lithium secondary battery. The surface-treated electrode active material includes a surface metal oxide layer having higher degree of reduction of a metal than that of a bulk metal oxide layer. The method includes: forming a mixture by adding an untreated electrode active material comprising a metal oxide, and at least one of a basic material and a reducing material to a solvent; and stirring the mixture.

Abstract: A composite cathode active material, a method of preparing the composite cathode active material, a cathode including the composite cathode active material, and a lithium battery including the cathode. The composite cathode active material includes a lithium intercalatable material; and a garnet oxide, wherein an amount of the garnet oxide is about 1.9 wt % or less, based on a total weight of the composite cathode active material.

Abstract: An electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery, the electrolyte including a lithium salt, a non-aqueous organic solvent, and a polar additive based on a substituted hetero-bicyclic compound. Oxidation of the electrolyte is prevented by formation of a polar thin film on a surface portion of the positive electrode, which facilitates transfer of lithium ions. The lithium secondary batteries using the electrolyte have excellent high temperature life characteristics and high temperature conservation characteristics.

Abstract: A composite anode active material, an anode including the composite anode active material, a lithium battery including the anode, and a method of preparing the composite anode active material. The composite anode active material includes: a shell including a hollow carbon fiber; and a core disposed in a hollow of the hollow carbon fiber, wherein the core includes a first metal nanostructure and a conducting agent.

Abstract: A positive active material including: a lithium-containing oxide, and a lithium-intercalatable phosphate compound disposed on the lithium-containing oxide.

Abstract: A recombinantly modified Corynebacterium glutamicum microorganism with an improved 1,4-butanediol (1,4-BDO) productivity relative to an unmodified Corynebacterium glutamicum microorganism, wherein activity of an enzyme catalyzing a conversion reaction between malate and oxaloacetate is inactivated or reduced relative to an unmodified Corynebacterium glutamicum microorganism, as well as a method of making and using same.

Abstract: Provided is an ultrasound diagnosis apparatus including: an image processor configured to acquire ultrasound data of an object; a controller configured to generate a wearable signal carrying information corresponding to a difference between the acquired ultrasound data and reference ultrasound data; and a communication module configured to transmit the wearable signal to a wearable device. The wearable signal is acquired by comparing the ultrasound data with the reference ultrasound data and includes information about the difference between the ultrasound data and the reference ultrasound data.

Abstract: A composite cathode active material including a lithium metal oxide including an oxide Formula 1 and sulfur, xLi2MnO3.(1?x?y)LiMO2.yLiMn2O4??(1) wherein 0<x<0.6, 0<y<0.1, and M is at least one selected from a metal and a metalloid.