Abstract: An electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery including a lithium salt, a nonaqueous organic solvent, and an additive, in which the additive is composed of one or more compounds including a purinone or a purinone derivative. The lithium secondary battery with improved life and high-temperature storage may be provided by using the electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Abstract: An isolated nucleic acid comprising a promoter region having a nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, which can maintain high expression under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, and related compositions and methods.

Abstract: An anode for a lithium secondary battery contains an active material and a binder mixture. The active material can occlude or liberate lithium. The binder mixture includes a synthetic rubber-based latex-type binder, a cellulose-based thickener, and an acrylamide-based water-soluble polymer. The adhesive forces among electrode materials and between the electrode materials and a current collector are greatly increased. As a result, the number of battery defects, which are caused by low adhesive forces in the electrode plate manufacturing process, in particular, a rolling process, can be unexpectedly decreased. At the same time, high-rate discharge characteristics can be improved by decreasing the resistance at the interface between the electrode materials and the current collector.

Abstract: A polyurethane binder prepared by a polyurethane compound having double bonds and by crosslinking the polyurethane compounds. The polyurethane binder having double bonds can be dispersed in water with the dispersant including a reactive group such as a carboxyl group, and thus an organic solvent is not required to produce an electrode. The crosslinked polyurethane binder with a high crosslinking density provides an excellent elastic force and binding force, and thus the electrode and the lithium battery employing the polyurethane binder have improved recovery properties and charge/discharge properties.

Abstract: The present invention relates to mutant microorganisms having the ability to produce propanol in high concentration and high yield, and to a method of producing propanol using the same. More particularly, the invention relates to mutant microorganisms having the ability to produce propanol in high concentration and high yield, which have introduced therein genes that encodes enzymes which are involved in the biosynthesis of propanol from threonine, and to a method of producing propanol using the same.

Abstract: A composite cathode active material, a method of preparing the composite cathode active material, and a cathode and a lithium battery each including the composite cathode active material. The composite cathode active material includes a core including a lithium intercalatable oxide which enables intercalation and deintercalation of lithium; and a coating layer disposed on at least a portion of the core, wherein the conductive layer includes a lithium metal oxide which is an inactive lithium ion conductor, and wherein the lithium metal oxide contains a metal which has an atomic weight of 27 Daltons or more and is selected an element of Groups 3 to 14 of the Periodic Table of the Elements.

Abstract: A cathode active material including a lithium metal oxide represented by Formula 1: Li[LixMeyM?z]O(2+d)??Formula 1 wherein x+y+z=1, 0<x<0.33, 0<z?0.1, and 0?d?0.1, Me is at least one metal selected from Mn, V, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Al, and B, and M? is at least one metal selected from Sc, Y, and La.

Abstract: A positive active material including: a lithium-containing oxide, and a lithium-intercalatable phosphate compound disposed on the lithium-containing oxide.

Abstract: A composite anode active material, an anode including the composite anode active material, a lithium battery including the anode, and a method of preparing the composite anode active material. The composite anode active material includes: a shell including a hollow carbon fiber; and a core disposed in a hollow of the hollow carbon fiber, wherein the core includes a first metal nanostructure and a conducting agent.

Abstract: Recombinant butyraldehyde dehydrogenases (Blds) with improved production of 1,4-BDO, as well as recombinant microorganisms comprising polynucleotides encoding the recombinant Blds, and methods of producing 1,4-BDO by using the recombinant microorganisms.

Abstract: A recombinantly modified Corynebacterium glutamicum microorganism with an improved 1,4-butanediol (1,4-BDO) productivity relative to an unmodified Corynebacterium glutamicum microorganism, wherein activity of an enzyme catalyzing a conversion reaction between malate and oxaloacetate is inactivated or reduced relative to an unmodified Corynebacterium glutamicum microorganism, as well as a method of making and using same.

Abstract: An anode active material comprises metal core particles, metal nano wires formed on the metal core particles, pores between the metal core particles and the metal nano wires, and a carbon-based coating layer formed on a surface of the metal core particles and metal nano wires. In the anode active material according to the present invention, the metal core particles and metal nano wires are combined to form a single body, and a carbon-based coating layer is formed on the surface of the metal nano wires and metal core particles. Thus, volume changes in the pulverized metal core particles can be effectively buffered during charging and discharging, and the metal core particles are electrically connected through the metal nano wires. As a result, volume changes in the anode active material and degradation of the electrode can be prevented, thereby providing excellent initial charge/discharge efficiency and enhanced charge/discharge capacity.

Abstract: A positive active material including a lithium transition metal oxide with a layered or spinel structure; and a plurality of CNTs on a surface of the lithium transition metal oxide.

Abstract: A method of preparing nanoparticles includes using low-temperature plasma and a pulsed second process gas. Nanoparticles having uniform sizes and nanoparticles having a core-shell structure may be formed. A lithium battery includes an electrode that includes the nanoparticles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to mutant microorganisms having the ability to produce propanol in high concentration and high yield, and to a method of producing propanol using the same.

Abstract: A surface-treated electrode active material, a method of surface treating an electrode active material, an electrode, and a lithium secondary battery. The surface-treated electrode active material includes a surface metal oxide layer having higher degree of reduction of a metal than that of a bulk metal oxide layer. The method includes: forming a mixture by adding an untreated electrode active material comprising a metal oxide, and at least one of a basic material and a reducing material to a solvent; and stirring the mixture.

Abstract: An anode including: an anode active material; a first binder coating layer formed on the anode active material; a second binder coating layer formed on the first binder coating layer; and a collector, wherein the first binder coating layer has an elasticity higher than the second binder layer and the second binder coating layer is adapted to combine the anode active material with the collector. In the anode, the first binder coating layer that has the relatively high elasticity on the anode active material can tolerate a change in volume of the anode active material. Therefore, a lithium battery that uses the anode has improved cyclic properties and a relatively long lifespan.

Abstract: A composite negative active material including metal nanostructures disposed on one or more of a surface and inner pores of a porous carbon-based material, a method of preparing the material, and a lithium secondary battery including the material.

Abstract: A cathode and a battery including a cathode active material including a layer-structured material having a composition of xLi2MO3-(1-x)LiMeO2; and a metal oxide having a perovskite structure. The cathode active material may have improved structural stability by intermixing a metal oxide having a similar crystalline structure with the layer-structured material, and thus, life and capacity characteristics of a cathode and a lithium battery including the metal oxide may be improved.

Abstract: A battery and a battery pack including the battery. The battery includes: a frame; an electrode assembly disposed around the frame; a main body to house the electrode assembly; and electrode terminals extending from the electrode assembly in a first direction, through the main body. A cooling hole extends through opposing sides of the main body, in a second direction that is generally perpendicular to the first direction.