Abstract: Digital rights management systems and methods for audience measurement are disclosed. An example method to monitor media content consumption disclosed herein comprises automatically processing a measurement rights agreement with a digital rights manager to determine whether the measurement rights agreement authorizes monitoring of media content consumption, and enabling a media handler to obtain measurement information corresponding to a presentation of media content by the media handler when the digital rights manager determines that monitoring of media content consumption is authorized.

Abstract: A state-based method and apparatus are disclosed for tracing and auditing a business process managed using a state machine. The disclosed system can selectively vary the tracing and auditing based, for example, upon the specific state within the business process or the identity of the organization or user associated with a given transaction. An organization can indicate whether any trace or audit information (or both) should be collected for the organization. In addition, the specific information that is collected for a given state in the state machine can be separately specified for a trace mode or audit mode. Trace and audit records can be tailored to the organization and situation at hand. the collected trace and audit information reflect the values associated with the object at well-defined points in time since they are associated with the states of the business process.

Abstract: An artificial or modified natural blood flow tubing has a helical-flow inducer to induce helical flow in such a fashion as to eliminate or reduce turbulence. One inducer is a tubular stent of expansible mesh having a helical vane.

Abstract: A method and system associate a user control in a user interface with a function of a controllable device by physically locating a self-defining user control which includes identification information at a first predefined location in a user interface, determining the identification information from the self-defining user control by a controller via a first interconnect, and the controller associating the self-defining user control with a predefined function for a controllable device. The method further detects a user input signal via the self-defining user control at the first predefined location; and activates the predefined function for the controllable device. The self-defining user control is one of a button, switch, knob, or any combination thereof, and is locatable at one of a plurality of predefined locations in the user interface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to synchronized vibration devices that can provide haptic feedback to a user. A wide variety of actuator types may be employed to provide synchronized vibration, including linear actuators, rotary actuators, rotating eccentric mass actuators, and rocking mass actuators. A controller may send signals to one or more driver circuits for directing operation of the actuators. The controller may provide direction and amplitude control, vibration control, and frequency control to direct the haptic experience. Parameters such as frequency, phase, amplitude, duration, and direction can be programmed or input as different patterns suitable for use in gaming, virtual reality and real-world situations.

Abstract: A helical formation for a conduit (1). The helical formation includes an elongate member (4) defining at least a portion of a helix, the elongate member (4) comprising an inwardly extending portion (6, 7). The inwardly extending portion (6, 7) extends along the length of the elongate member (4) and extends inwardly from the internal side walls of the conduit (1) for a distance equal to between 10% and 80% of the distance (r) from the longitudinal axis (3) of the conduit (1) to an internal side wall (2).

Abstract: In a multinode data processing system in which nodes exchange information over a network or through a switch, a structure and mechanism are provided which enables data packets to be sent and received in any order. Normally, if in-order transmission and receipt are required, then transmission over a single path is essential to insure proper reassembly. However, the present mechanism avoids this necessity and permits Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA) operations to be carried out simultaneously over multiple paths. This provides a data striping mode of operation in which data transfers can be carried out much faster since packets of single or multiple RDMA messages can be portioned and transferred over several paths simultaneously, thus providing the ability to utilize the full system bandwidth that is available.

Abstract: In a multinode data processing system in which the nodes communicate with one another via communication adapters over a network or switch, the adapters are provided with a dual register mechanism for tracking microcode task status. Upon the issuance of a disruptive command that requires attention from one of the nodes, the task status maintained in one register is copied to the snapshot register. As tasks within the adapter are completed, both registers are updated, thus providing a mechanism for the nodes to determine that all tasks active at the time of the disruptive command have completed. This means that the nodes now have a mechanism for determining, as soon as possible, that all tasks that are active when a disruptive command occurs have completed, thus allowing the data processing node to perform such operations as releasing system memory that is associated with the disruptive command, thus eliminating temporal overhead that can affect performance.

Abstract: A Method of Determining the Helix Angle of a Helical Formation for a Conduit. A method of determing the helix angle of a helical formation (4) within a conduit (1). The method includes specifying the internal dimensions of the conduit (1) and an intended fluid mass flow through the conduit (1). The helix angle is determined from the pressure drop and the turbulent kinetic energy for a conduit (1) having the specified internal dimensions and intended fluid mass flow.

Abstract: In a multinode data processing system in which nodes exchange information over a network or through a switch, the mechanism which enables out-of-order data transfer via Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA) also provides a corresponding ability to carry out broadcast operations, multicast operations, third party operations and conditional RDMA operations. In a broadcast operation a source node transfers data packets in RDMA fashion to a plurality of destination nodes. Multicast operation works similarly except that distribution is selective. In third party operations a single central node in a cluster or network manages the transfer of data in RDMA fashion between other nodes or creates a mechanism for allowing a directed distribution of data between nodes. In conditional operation mode the transfer of data is conditioned upon one or more events occurring in either the source node or in the destination node.

Abstract: In remote direct memory access (RDMA) transfers in a multinode data processing system in which the nodes communicate with one another through communication adapters coupled to a switch or network, there is a need for the system to ensure efficient memory protection mechanisms across jobs. A method is thus desired for addressing virtual memory on local and remote servers that is independent of the process ID on the local and/or remote node. The use of global Translation Control Entry (TCE) tables that are accessed/owned by RDMA jobs and are managed by a device driver in conjunction with a Protocol Virtual Offset (PVO) address format solves this problem.

Abstract: In remote direct memory access transfers in a multinode data processing system in which the nodes communicate with one another through communication adapters coupled to a switch or network, failures in the nodes or in the communication adapters can produce the phenomenon known as trickle traffic, which is data that has been received from the switch or from the network that is stale but which may have all the signatures of a valid packet data. The present invention addresses the trickle traffic problem in two situations: node failure and adapter failure. In the node failure situation randomly generated keys are used to reestablish connections to the adapter while providing a mechanism for the recognition of stale packets. In the adapter failure situation, a round robin context allocation approach is used with adapter state contexts being provided with state information which helps to identify stale packets.

Abstract: In a multinode data processing system in which nodes exchange information over a network or through a switch, a structure and mechanism is provided within the realm of Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA) operations in which DMA operations are present on one side of the transfer but not the other. On the side in which the transfer is not carried out in DMA fashion, transfer processing is carried out under program control; this is in contrast to the transfer on the DMA side which is characteristically carried out in hardware. Usage of these combination processes is useful in programming situations where RDMA is carried out to or from contiguous locations in memory on one side and where memory locations on the other side is noncontiguous. This split mode of transfer is provided both for read and for write operations.

Abstract: In a multinode data processing system in which data is transferred, via direct memory access (DMA) or in remote direct memory access (RDMA), from a source node to at least one destination node through communication adapters coupling each node to a network or switch, a method is provided in which interrupt handling is overlapped with data transfer so as to allow interrupt processing overhead to run in parallel at the destination node with the movement of data to provide performance benefits. The method is also applicable to situations involving multiple interrupt levels corresponding to multithreaded handling capabilities.

Abstract: A method of assessing the effect of a conduit section (11) on flow characteristics of a first fluid in a first conduit system (1). A first fluid is caused to flow through the first conduit system (1). A transverse flow parameter of the first fluid in the first conduit system (1) downstream of the conduit section (11) is detected. At least one transverse flow characteristic of the first fluid is determined from the detected transverse flow parameter. The effect of the conduit section (11) is then assessed from the determined flow characteristics.

Abstract: A distortionless foldable and rotatable image display structure is provided. The structure includes a pair of polygonal display units each defined by the same number image diamonds. Each image diamond of each display unit is rhombus-shaped. The image diamonds of either polygonal display unit together selectively define two different visual presentations with each visual presentation viewable depending upon the rotational position of the display unit.

Abstract: A system and method are provided which permit the direct transfer of information in message packet format directly from memory locations within one node of a data processing system directly to memory locations in one or more receiving nodes. This function is provided via communications adapters connected to each node and to a switched network to which are also attached nodes possessing likewise configured communications adapters which are capable of responding to a wide variety of message packet transfer protocol and modalities, all of which effect a direct memory to memory transfer without the need to copy data into intermediate buffers.

Abstract: A system and method are provided in which direct memory to memory transfer of message packet information is effected in a manner in which message packets are broadcast to and received at a plurality of data processing nodes. Special codes are established via parameters provided in communication tables which specify this functionality and which also provide signals to the operative communications adapters as to how this mode of transfer is to be handled, especially vis a vis error conditions that arise.

Abstract: A method and system are provided for error recovery in the process of message packet transfer using communications adapters connected between data processing nodes and a switched network. The communications adapter are provided with internal storage that is capable of storing specific information concerning the failure of one or more message packet transfers. This storage may be queried from nodes external to the adapter to more precisely determine the error and to take corrective actions, where possible.

Abstract: A communications adapter is provided with an instruction processor which accepts instructions and data for the processing of communication parameters which are used to establish direct memory to memory transfer of message packets from one node to another node without the need to produce or store the desired information within intermediate buffer storage.