Abstract: Apparatus for generating video signals representing photographic images previously recorded in a frame on a photographic film-type medium includes an image pickup device which produces video signals in response to a light image of the projected photographic image, a digitizer which digitizes the produced video signals, a memory which stores a video frame interval of the digitized video signals, an enhancer which enhances digitized video signals read from the memory, and a digital signal processor which controls the image pickup device, the memory and the enhancer.

Abstract: An educational method and system for executing the method, to improve the efficiency of individual learning by monitoring the student's progress and pacing the course material to the student's ability to comprehend and learn. This method and system also reduces the teachers's administrative and paperwork burden. Interactive multimedia technology is combined with unique courseware development to provide a flexible teaching tool and student monitoring system.

Abstract: Film transport apparatus for a cine-video system in which video signals are produced from film that is driven between supply and take-up reels. The film, which may be wound in A or B configuration on each reel, is threaded automatically about a film drive mechanism which transports the film from the supply reel, through a film gate to the take-up reel. Tensioning apparatus imparts tension to the film at the entry and exit of the film gate which, during the threading operation, causes the respective reels to rotate before film actually is transported therebetween. The direction in which each reel rotates to unwind film therefrom when tension is imparted serves to identify whether the film is wound in A or B configuration. Advantageously, a programmable processor controls the film transport speed in response to a user-actuated knob; and this same processor serves to detect when the film approaches its end on the supply or take-up reel.

Abstract: An educational method and system for executing the method, to improve the efficiency of individual learning by monitoring the student's progress and pacing the course material to the student's ability to comprehend and learn. This method and system also reduces the teachers's administrative and paperwork burden. Interactive multimedia technology is combined with unique courseware development to provide a flexible teaching tool and student monitoring system.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating video signals from a photographic image previously recorded on film (a cine-video system) which includes a film transport mechanism for advancing or rewinding the film in order to position a film frame at a film gate for projection, an image projector which detects when a film gate for projection, an image projector which detects when a film frame is positioned at the film gate and projects an illuminated image of that frame, a video pickup system which receives the image and generates a video signal which represents it, and an output circuit which produces a resultant output video signal.

Abstract: A MIG welding torch reconditioning apparatus comprises a chuck adapted to receive such a torch in releasably clamped relation between ones of a plurality of selectively moveable cooperative jaws of respective clamps. The jaws are arranged in radially spaced relation around a central axis defining a longitudinal path of insertion for the torch. The clamps is movable to translationally reposition the jaws between: a clamping position in which said jaws are clampingly extended into interfering relation in said path; and, a retracted position wherein said jaws are positioned out of clamping relation, and clear of said path. The apparatus further comprises torch reconditioning tooling arranged in axial register along the common axis. The torch reconditioning tooling is selectively movable relative to the chuck along a longitudinal extent of that axis, to be thereby selectively removably positionable within a clamped torche's interior.

Abstract: The apparatus includes an inverter connected with the vehicle battery and/or generator and/or alternator for supplying power at external power source voltage and frequency, a resistance heater positioned adjacent the vehicle fuel tank and/or fuel lines, and a relay connecting the heater to an external power source or to the inverter. The relay is biased to connect the heater with the inverter, and has an actuating coil which connects the heater with the external power source. The actuating coil is connected across the relay terminals which may be connected to the external power source.